This paper presents a versatile first-order analog filter using differential difference transconductance amplifiers (DDTAs). The DDTA employs the bulk-driven (BD) multiple-input MOS transistors technique (MI-MOST) operating in the subthreshold region. This results in low-voltage and low-power operational capability. Therefore, the DDTA, designed using 130 nm CMOS technology from UMC in the Cadence environment, operates with 0.3 V and consumes 357.4 nW. Unlike previous works, the proposed versatile first-order analog filter provides first-order transfer functions of low-pass, high-pass, and all-pass filters within a single topology. The non-inverting, inverting, and voltage gain of the transfer functions are available for all filters. Furthermore, the proposed structure provides high-input and low-output impedance, which is required for voltage-mode circuits. The pole frequency and voltage gain of the filters can be electronically controlled. The total harmonic distortion of the low-pass filter was calculated as -39.97 dB with an applied sine wave input signal of 50 mVpp@ 50 Hz. The proposed filter has been used to realize a quadrature oscillator to confirm the advantages of the new structure.

Department of Electrical Engineering Brno University of Defence Kounicova 65 662 10 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Electrical Engineering Czestochowa University of Technology 42 201 Czestochowa Poland

Department of Microelectronics Brno University of Technology Technická 10 616 00 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Telecommunications Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok 10520 Thailand

Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague nám Sítná 3105 272 01 Kladno Czech Republic

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0.5-V 281-nW Versatile Mixed-Mode Filter Using Multiple-Input/Output Differential Difference Transconductance Amplifiers