The skin is the primary tissue affected by wounds and aging, significantly impacting its protective function. Natural products are widely used in cosmetics, representing a new approach to preventing age-related damage. Nanomedicine combines nanotechnology and traditional treatments to create innovative drugs. The main targets of nanotechnological approaches are wound healing, regeneration, and rejuvenation of skin tissue. The skin barrier is not easily permeable, and the creation of modern nanodevices is a way to improve the passive penetration of substances. In this study, Helichrysum italicum oil (HO) was combined with different types of electrospun nanofibers to study their protective activity on the skin and to evaluate their future application for topical treatments. In the present research, we used biodegradable polymers, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). All results show a positive trend in cell proliferation and viability of human skin stem cells (SSCs) and BJ fibroblasts pre-treated with combined nanofibers and then exposed to UV stress. Gene expression analysis revealed the activation of a molecular rejuvenation program in SSCs treated with functionalized nanofibers before UV exposure. Understanding the mechanisms involved in skin changes during aging allows for the future application of nanomaterials combined with HO directly to the patients.

Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming CEDEBIOR Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Viale San Pietro 43 B 07100 Sassari Italy

Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Viale San Pietro 43 B 07100 Sassari Italy

Department of Biophysics 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University 5 Uvalu 84 150 06 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences University of Sassari 07100 Sassari Italy

Department of Medicine Surgery and Pharmacy University of Sassari 07100 Sassari Italy

Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT Joseph von Fraunhofer Weg 1 66280 Sulzbach Germany

Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems Eldor Lab Innovation Accelerator CNR Via Piero Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy

R and D Laboratory Center InoCure s r o Politických Veziu 935 13 110 00 Prague Czech Republic

University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings Czech Technical University Prague Trinecka 1024 273 43 Bustehrad Czech Republic

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PVA and PVP nanofibers combined with Helichrysum italicum oil preserve skin cell interactions, elasticity and proliferation