During recent years, interest concerning selenium has considerably increased. It is due to the combined behaviour it can have in humans, as either a toxic or an essential element depending on its concentration. For these reasons, its reliable quantification is extremely important. Blood serum is one of the most often analysed biological fluids when focusing on selenium concentration. Many detection methods can be used for the quantification of selenium, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry being one of the most suitable ones to perform such analyses. This is due to the possibility of a direct analysis (even though it is a complicated biological matrix) and the use of a small volume of the samples (mostly 20 µl for a single analysis). This article offers an overview of the selenium concentrations found in blood serum for healthy populations in European countries. The data presented here indicate that selenium status is not optimal in most European countries. The estimated mean value is 75 µg L–1 and 65 µg L–1 for adults and children, respectively. These results, combined with growing knowledge of the importance of selenium to overall health, require more systematic studies aimed to a reliable quantification of selenium in biological fluids for large populations correlated with various parameters, in order to subsequently ensure adequate selenium supplementation for those populations where selenium intake is significantly reduced.
- MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve metody MeSH
- epidemiologické monitorování MeSH
- epidemiologické studie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- selen * analýza krev MeSH
- spektrofotometrie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (67 stran)
Stopové kovy sú stredobodom záujmu mnohých vedeckých tímov pracujúcich v rôznych, či už výskumných alebo prevádzkových analytických laboratóriách. Pre ich spoľahlivú kvantifikáciu je použitie určitej vhodnej separačnej techniky takmer nevyhnutnosťou. Z mnohých separačných techník, ktoré možno v súčasnosti využiť na spoľahlivú separáciu a prekoncentráciu (ultra)stopových kovov patrí práve extrakcia s využitím teploty zákalu micelárnych roztokov (CPE) k značne sa rozvíjajúcim. V prvej časti monografie možno nájsť vysvetlenie základných princípov tejto extrakčnej techniky spolu s opisom experimentálnych parametrov, ktoré zohrávajú dôležitú úlohu pri vypracovávaní spoľahlivých CPE postupov a následne sú uvedené ukážky aplikácií v spojení so spektrometrickými metódami. V druhej časti monografie sú opísané nové prístupy k tejto extrakčnej technike, ktoré vedú predovšetkým k úspore času (ktorý je venovaný predúprave vzorky), vynechaniu metanolických roztokov (ktoré slúžia na zníženie viskozity tenzidom obohatenej fázy získanej po CPE separácii) a k zvýšeniu selektivity stanovenia (v prípade analýzy komplikovaných matríc). Najnovším smerovaním tejto extrakčnej techniky je spoľahlivá separácia a prekoncentrácia nanočastíc kovov v prítomnosti ich iónových špécií. Tejto téme je venovaná posledná kapitola v druhej časti monografie.
The aim of this work was to optimize and validate a simple and rapid method for the direct determination of total platinum in blood serum of chemotherapy patients. The method is based on the quantification of platinum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) with the Zeeman background correction after appropriate dilution of samples with 0.2% (v/v) Triton X-100 using the optimized temperature program (pyrolysis and atomization temperatures 1400 °C and 2550 °C, respectively). The validated range of quantification was 0.11–2.15 mol l1, RSD was better than 9 %. The accuracy was checked by comparing the results with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The optimized ET-AAS method is now successfully used for investigation of some pharmacokinetic parameters in a clinical study comparing intravenous and intraperitoneal infusion of carboplatin (combined with paclitaxel).
The interest in the determination of different Sb species in natural waters is due to the fact that their toxicological and physiological behavior strongly depends on their chemical forms and oxidation states. The purpose of this article is to review and evaluate methods for Sb speciation in waters based on selective hydride generation of Sb (III) and on coupling of different separation techniques (liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, cloud point extraction, ion-exchange HPLC and GC) with atomic spectrometric methods (AAS, atomic emission spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry). This review covers the literature published over the period 1998-2006.
Inorganic As(III) and As(V), and methylated As(V) are the most frequent species found in natural waters. This article provides information about the determination of these species by hydride-generation AAS or hydridegeneration electrothermal AAS using different reaction media.
