BACKGROUND: Adolescents' movement behaviours (MB) vary between schooldays and weekends, potentially impacting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and well-being. This study aimed to identify transitions between 24-h MB profiles on schooldays and weekends and examine their associations with HRQoL and well-being. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 1070 Czech adolescents (average age: 13.8 years and standard deviation: 2.2 years; 56% girls). Participants wore accelerometers for 7 consecutive days to assess physical activity (PA) of different intensities, sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep. A subsample of 451 participants provided data on HRQoL, which was measured using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and 484 provided valid well-being data measured with the 5-item World Health Organisation Well-Being Index. Latent transition analysis was used on the MB variables to identify transitions across MB profiles, and linear regression was used to examine associations between transitions and HRQoL or well-being. RESULTS: Four MB profiles were identified: Excellent (high PA, low SB and high sleep duration), Good (average MB values), Fair (below-average PA and sleep, above-average SB) and Poor (low PA and sleep, high SB). Most adolescents transitioned to less favourable profiles on weekends. Those remaining in the Excellent profile had higher HRQoL than those transitioning to less favourable profiles. Transitions to the Poor profile were associated with the lowest HRQoL and well-being scores. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the dynamic nature of adolescents' MB and the importance of consistent, healthy routines. Interventions optimizing 24-h MB throughout the week and especially on weekends may enhance adolescent HRQoL and well-being, but further evidence from longitudinal and intervention studies is needed. SUMMARY: We observed a contrast in 24-h MB between schooldays and weekends: 29.7% of adolescents were in the Excellent on schooldays, but only 5.8% did so on weekends, while the prevalence of the Poor profile rose from 1.6% on schooldays to 27.7% on weekends. Adolescents who maintained the Excellent profile across the whole week recorded the highest scores for HRQoL and well-being. Moving into the Poor profile on weekend was associated with about 9 points poorer HRQoL and 14 points lower well-being, compared with peers who remained in the Excellent profile. Behaviour change strategies should target the entire week to preserve PA, reduce SB and protect sleep.
- MeSH
- akcelerometrie MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chování mladistvých * psychologie fyziologie MeSH
- cvičení * psychologie fyziologie MeSH
- kvalita života * psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sedavý životní styl MeSH
- spánek fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Growing evidence supports the important role of 24-hour movement behaviours (MB) in preventing childhood obesity. However, research to understand the heterogeneity and variability of MB among individuals and what kind of typologies of individuals are at risk of developing obesity is lacking. To bridge this gap, this study identified typologies of 24-hour MB in children and adolescents and investigated their associations with adiposity indicators. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 374 children and 317 adolescents from the Czech Republic wore wrist-worn accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep was quantified using raw accelerometery data. Adiposity indicators included body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Bias-adjusted latent profile analysis was used on the 24-hour MB data to identify MB typologies and their associations with adiposity indicators. The models were adjusted for potential confounders. The identified typologies were labelled to reflect the behavioural profiles of bees to aid interpretability for the general public. RESULTS: Two typologies were identified in children: highly active Workers characterised by high levels of MVPA and LPA, and inactive Queens characterised by low levels of MVPA and LPA, high levels of SB and longer sleep duration compared to Workers. In adolescents, an additional typology labelled as Drones was characterised by median levels of MVPA, LPA, SB and longest sleep duration. After controlling for covariates, we found that children labelled as Queens were associated with 1.38 times higher FM%, 1.43 times higher FMI, and 1.67 times higher VAT than Workers. In adolescents, Drones had 1.14 times higher FM% and Queens had 1.36 higher VAT in comparison with Workers, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the importance of promoting active lifestyles in children and adolescents to potentially reduce adiposity. These findings can provide insights for interventions aimed at promoting healthy MB and preventing childhood obesity.
- MeSH
- adipozita * fyziologie MeSH
- akcelerometrie MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- obezita dětí a dospívajících * epidemiologie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sedavý životní styl * MeSH
- spánek fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Twenty-four-hour movement behaviours are gaining attention in the research community. However, no study has addressed how 24-h activity profiles vary between structured and less structured days and whether an unfavourable activity profile is associated with childhood obesity. We aimed to analyse differences between school day and weekend day 24-h activity profiles and their associations with adiposity indicators among children and adolescents. METHODS: Participants were 382 children and 338 adolescents who wore wrist accelerometers for 24 hours a day for seven consecutive days. The 24-h activity profile expressed by the average acceleration (AvAcc) and intensity gradient (IG) were estimated from multi-day raw accelerometer data. Adiposity indicators included body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Multiple linear regression of activity profile metrics and adiposity indicators was performed separately for school and weekend days. RESULTS: Weekend days AvAcc and IG were lower compared to school days in both age groups (p <0.001 for all). Specifically, AvAcc was lower by 9.4% and 11.3% in children and adolescents, respectively. IG on weekend days was lower (more negative) by 3.4% in children and 3.1% in adolescents. Among children, on school days AvAcc and IG were negatively associated with FM%, FMI, and VAT, whilst on weekend days AvAcc was positively associated with BMI z-score, FMI, and VAT (p < 0.05 for all). Among adolescents, negative associations were found between weekend day AvAcc and IG and FM% and FMI (p < 0.05 for all), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the importance of 24-h activity profile as a potentially protective factor against excess adiposity. The variability of movement behaviours during structured and less structured days should be considered when optimizing the 24-h movement behaviours to prevent childhood obesity.
Východiska: Nadváha a obezita je mimo genetických faktorů determinována životním stylem jedince. Nastavení životního stylu dětí a adolescentů však není zcela výsledkem jejich rozhodnutí. Rodiče často formují návyky svých dětí a představují pro ně vzor. Proto může existovat vztah mezi rodičovskými charakteristikami a nadváhou a obezitou jejich dětí. Cíle: Cílem této studie bylo prozkoumat vztah mezi vybranými rodičovskými charakteristikami a nadváhou a obezitou jejich dětí. Metodika: Do výzkumu bylo zapojeno 528 dětí (58 % dívek) ve věku 9-17 let a jejich rodiče. Nadváha a obezita dětí byla určena na základě BMI z-skóre a s ohledem na procentuální zastoupení tělesného tuku (tj. zvýšená adipozita). Rodičovské charakteristiky byly shromážděny dotazníkovou metodou a byly vyjádřeny úrovní tělesné hmotnosti, účastí ve volnočasové pohybové aktivitě (PA), sedavým chováním a nejvyšším dosaženým vzděláním. Výsledky: Bylo prokázáno, že volnočasová PA matky snižuje riziko nadváhy a obezity u dcery téměř dvojnásobně (poměr šancí [OR] = 0,51; 95% konfidenční interval [CI] = 0,29-0,92; p = 0,025). V případě PA otce bylo také pozorováno téměř 2krát nižší riziko nadváhy a obezity u dcery (OR = 0,54; 95% CI = 0,30-0,95; p = 0,032) a 3krát nižší riziko zvýšené adipozity u syna (OR = 0,36; 95% CI = 0,17-0,77; p = 0,008). Děti, jejichž rodiče dosáhli vysokoškolského vzdělání, měly téměř 2krát nižší riziko nadváhy a obezity (dcera-matka, OR = 0,52; 95% CI 0,28-0,96; p = 0,037; syn-otec, OR = 0,46; 95% CI = 0,31-0,93; p = 0,031). Obezita matky zvyšuje riziko nadváhy a obezity 3,2krát u dcery (OR = 3,24; 95% CI = 1,48-7,05; p = 0,003) a téměř 4krát u syna (OR = 3,99; 95% CI = 1,27-12,58; p = 0,018). V případě otce bylo pozorováno zvýšené riziko nadváhy a obezity pouze u dcery (OR = 4,25; 95% CI = 2,23-8,12; p < 0,001). Závěry: Výsledky prezentované v této studii poukazují na významný vztah mezi rodičovskými charakteristikami a rizikem nadváhy a obezity dětí. Z tohoto důvodu by měl být v rámci primární a sekundární prevence dětské obezity kladen důraz na tvorbu komplexních intervenčních programů, do kterých jsou zapojení všichni členové rodiny.
Background: In addition to genetic factors, overweight and obesity are determined by lifestyle. However, the setting of children's and adolescents' lifestyle is not completely the result of their decisions. Parents shape the habits of their children and play the role of a model. Therefore, there is likely to be an association between parental characteristics and overweight and obesity status in their children. Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between selected parental characteristics and overweight and obesity in their children. Methods: The research involved 528 children (58% girls) aged 9-17 years and their parents. Overweight and obesity in children was determined by means of BMI z-score with respect to fat mass percentage (i.e., excess adiposity). Parental characteristics were collected by a questionnaire and included weight status, participation in leisure physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour, and highest educational attainment. Results: It has been confirmed that mothers' leisure PA decreases the risk of overweight and obesity in their daughters almost two times (odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0,29-0.92; p = 0.025). In the case of fathers' PA, the results suggested an almost two times lower risk of overweight and obesity in their daughters (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.30-0.95; p = 0.032) and three times lower risk of excess adiposity in their sons (OR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.17-0.77; p = 0.008). Children of parents with a university degree had an almost two times lower risk of overweight and obesity (daughter-mother, OR = 0.52; 95% CI 0.28-0.96; p = 0.037; son-father, OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.31-0.93; p = 0.031). Mothers' obesity increased the risk of overweight and obesity three times in their daughters (OR = 3.24; 95% CI = 1.48-7.05; p = 0.003) and almost four times in their sons (OR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.27-12.54; p = 0.018). In the case of fathers, the results suggested an increased risk of overweight and obesity only in their daughters (OR = 4.25; 95% CI = 2.23-8.12; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results presented in this study showed a significant association between parental characteristics and the risk of overweight and obesity in children. For this reason, primary and secondary prevention of childhood obesity should focus on the development of comprehensive intervention programmes that involve all family members.
- MeSH
- charakteristiky rodiny * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- obezita dětí a dospívajících * etiologie MeSH
- obezita etiologie MeSH
- sedavý životní styl MeSH
- socioekonomické faktory MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- vztahy mezi rodiči a dětmi MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
