In our study, 213 healthy Czech women aged 20 to 65 years were examined and divided into fully reproductive, premenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal groups. In all subjects body composition was determined by classical anthropometry and metabolic profile was assessed. A total of 146 subjects completed 3-year longitudinal study. Total and LDL cholesterol increased and ratio HDL/total cholesterol decreased with age (p<0.001), most significantly in menopause. Triacylglycerols increased only up to menopause. HDL had a very slight trend to decrease in menopause and postmenopause. Fasting blood glucose level increased progressively (p<0.001), in postmenopause frequently exceeded normal range. Higher BMI, total fat mass and central fat indices were associated with higher total and LDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, C-peptide, insulin and fasting blood glucose level (p<0.001; fasting blood glucose level to waist-to-hip ratio: p<0.01) and lower HDL cholesterol (p<0.001). Higher C-peptide and insulin were associated with lower HDL cholesterol and higher triacylglycerols (p<0.001). Fasting glucose correlated with LDL cholesterol (p<0.01). Higher SHBG was associated with higher HDL and lower LDL cholesterol (p<0.001). Hormone replacement treatment was related to lower fasting blood glucose level in postmenopausal women (p<0.01). Oral contraception is suggestive of a positive influence on lipid spectrum by increasing the ratio HDL/total cholesterol. Markers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism are not only age-related, but they are also related to BMI, total fat mass and central fat indices. Therefore, preventive programs should be focused above all on menopausal women.
- MeSH
- adipozita MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- energetický metabolismus MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- globulin vázající pohlavní hormony analýza MeSH
- hormonální substituční terapie MeSH
- inzulin krev MeSH
- kontraceptiva orální terapeutické užití MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy krev MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- menopauza krev MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- postmenopauza krev MeSH
- premenopauza krev MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- složení těla MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Women tend to gain weight with age, especially fat mass which shows also regional changes. A cross-sectional study was done on 213 Czech women with the conclusion that there is a progressive weight increase up to the menopause, an increase in absolute and relative fat contribution and fat centralisation up to the postmenopause and these changes seemed to occur even before the weight increase occurs. The same cohort was examined the same way after 3 years for further analysis. The aim was the assessment of weight gain, body composition and fat distribution changes in four age groups representing the reproductive phases in Czech women in 3-year period. 146 healthy Czech women aged 20–65 were classified according to four reproductive phases: fully reproductive women (n=34, mean age 26.96, SD 4.47), pre-menopausal women (n=34, mean age 42.23, SD 2.78), menopausal women (n=45, mean age 51.56, SD 2.61) and postmenopausal women (n=33, mean age 59.55, SD 2.82). Body weight, body composition and fat distribution were determined using classical anthropometric methods in 2000 and 2003. BMI increased significantly in all the groups except for the premenopausal group and was the greatest in the menopausal group. Increase in fat percentage was significant in the fully reproductive (p<0.001) and menopausal women (p<0.001), there was no change in the postmenopausal group. Waist, WHR, hip and subgluteal thigh circumference increase significantly in the menopausal group (p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.001 respectively). The highest mean values of waist, WHR and even abdominal circumference remain in the postmenopausal group. Changes of all 14 skinfolds and the sum of the peripheral and central skinfolds are shown; the sum of peripheral skinfolds shows the same values at the end of the study while the sum of central skinfolds increases from the fully reproductive to the postmenopausal women. These results permit us to state the following conclusions: the greatest weight gain in the menopausal group suggests weight gain acceleration around menopause. Body fat mass increase terminates in the early postmenopause. Fat centralisation was proved in the menopausal women with still preserved fat deposition in the gluteofemoral area, which was also apparent in the postmenopausal group, however, the postmenopausal women show the highest values of central fat indicators.
- MeSH
- antropometrie metody MeSH
- distribuce tělesného tuku MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- reprodukční lékařství metody MeSH
- složení těla genetika MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost fyziologie MeSH
- tloušťka kožní řasy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
