Bone fractures and critical-size bone defects are significant public health issues, and clinical treatment outcomes are closely related to the intrinsic properties of the utilized implant materials. Zinc (Zn)-based biodegradable metals (BMs) have emerged as promising bioactive materials because of their exceptional biocompatibility, appropriate mechanical properties, and controllable biodegradation. This review summarizes the state of the art in terms of Zn-based metals for bone repair and regeneration, focusing on bridging the gap between biological mechanism and required bioactivity. The molecular mechanism underlying the release of Zn ions from Zn-based BMs in the improvement of bone repair and regeneration is elucidated. By integrating clinical considerations and the specific bioactivity required for implant materials, this review summarizes the current research status of Zn-based internal fixation materials for promoting fracture healing, Zn-based scaffolds for regenerating critical-size bone defects, and Zn-based barrier membranes for reconstituting alveolar bone defects. Considering the significant progress made in the research on Zn-based BMs for potential clinical applications, the challenges and promising research directions are proposed and discussed.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Knowledge of conditions affecting sperm quality is essential for efficient culture of fish for commercial purposes and conservation of species. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry were used to characterize the proteomic profile of Acipenser dabryanus spermatozoa relative to motility and fertilization capacity. There were differential amounts of protein in 313 spots in spermatozoa of males classified to have relatively greater or lesser spermatozoa quality. The functions of 43 of 50 selected proteins were identified. The proteins in 14 spots were involved in metabolism, and of these, proteins in 11 spots were highly abundant in spermatozoa of males categorized to have spermatozoa of greater quality, including pyruvate kinase, enolase B, phosphoglycerate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cytosolic malate dehydrogenase, brain creatine kinase b, Ckmb protein, and nucleoside diphosphate kinase. The proteins involved in mechanics of flagellum movement were identified, including the dynein intermediate chain, radial spoke head 1 homolog; ropporin-1-like, Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5, ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 3, tektin-4, gamma-actin, and tubulin cytoskeleton proteins to be differentially abundant in spermatozoa that were classified relatively greater or lesser quality. Heat shock proteins, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxins, which are involved in stress response were of differential abundance in spermatozoa from males with spermatozoa in the two different classification groups. Proteins were also detected that are involved in protein folding and binding, or hydrolase activity. The results are valuable for the prediction of sperm quality and for reproduction management in A. dabryanus and other threatened species.

• MeSH
• motilita spermií MeSH
• proteomika MeSH
• rybí proteiny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• ryby fyziologie   MeSH
• spermie chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Conventional sperm analysis (i.e., motility and fertility) has been used to evaluate sperm quality. Understanding the quality of sperm on the molecular level in the sturgeons, Acipenser baerii and A. schrenckii, is essential for the improvement of the conservation of genetic resources and farming performance. In this study, we used the iTRAQ proteomics approach to perform proteomic profiling of spermatozoa associated with sperm quality in sturgeons (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006108). The results showed 291 and 359 differentially expressed proteins in A. baerii and A. schrenckii, respectively, of which 72 were common to both species and all were upregulated in high quality compared with low quality samples. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly categorized into the generation of precursor metabolites and energy and oxidation, and they were localized to the mitochondria. Three distinguishing pathways, Arginine and proline metabolism, Pyruvate metabolism and the Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) were found to play an important role in energy metabolism, and some substrates could be used in the sperm medium for storage and cryopreservation. The quantity levels of two proteins, CKMT1 and LDHB, were verified by western blot analysis. Moreover, other potential biomarkers involved in oxidation reduction, ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent proteolysis, chaperones and binding activity were also discussed. Our study is the first to use the iTRAQ-based proteomics approach to analyse the sturgeon spermatozoa proteome, and the results that we obtained are valuable for the prediction of sperm quality and reproduction management in these threatened species.

• MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fertilita MeSH
• motilita spermií MeSH
• proteom metabolismus   MeSH
• ryby klasifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• spermie metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH

The aim of this study was to investigate the response of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) sperm to external cations (Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), and Mg(2+)) and their susceptibility on the induction of motility and swimming behavior. An in vitro spermatozoa motility assay was used by a computer-aided Motion-Analysis system. Sperm motility was inhibited by 60 mM NaCl (~140 mOsm/kg) and 0.7 mM KCl solutions (~ 21.4 mOsm/kg). The Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) ions were not able to inhibit spermatozoa motility. By contrast, Na(+) within a limited concentration range (between 45 and 55 mm) was able to reverse the inhibitory effect of K(+) at the critical concentration (0.7 mM). Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) were also able to reverse the K(+)-mediated spermatozoa motility restriction at concentrations starting at 0.01 and 0.1 mM, respectively. These results provide evidence for the role of K(+) in suppressing spermatozoa motility, and suggest that Ca(2+), Mg(2+), and possibly Na(+) trigger motility in Russian sturgeon sperm.

• MeSH
• analýza spermatu MeSH
• draslík farmakologie   MeSH
• hořčík farmakologie   MeSH
• kationty farmakologie   MeSH
• motilita spermií účinky léků   MeSH
• osmolární koncentrace MeSH
• plavání MeSH
• ryby fyziologie   MeSH
• sodík farmakologie   MeSH
• spermie účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• vápník farmakologie   MeSH
• vodní hospodářství MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Sturgeon and paddlefish (Acipenseriformes), the source of roe consumed as caviar, are a unique and commercially valuable group of ancient fishes. In this study, comparative proteomics was used to analyze protein profiles of spermatozoa from five sturgeon species and one paddlefish: Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), sterlet (A. ruthenus), Russian sturgeon (A. gueldenstaedtii), starry sturgeon (A. stellatus), beluga (Huso huso), and Mississippi paddlefish (Polyodon spathula). Protein profiles of spermatozoa were determined by isoelectric focusing and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) high-resolution gels. The peptides, previously selected by 2-DE analysis as potentially species-specific, were obtained by "in-gel" tryptic digestion, followed by matrix-associated laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Among the 23 protein spots selected, 14 were identified as isoforms of enolase B present in all species, but with different isoelectric points or molecular mass. Exceptions were A. ruthenus and H. huso, species with a close phylogenetic relationship. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was detected exclusively in P. spathula. Phosphoglycerate kinase was detected only in A. ruthenus and H. huso, and 3 additional proteins (fructose bisphosphate aldolase A-2, glycogen phosphorylase type IV and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) were found exclusively in A. gueldenstaedtii and H. huso. This study points to the application of proteomics for differential characterization and comparative studies of acipenseriform species at the molecular level.

• MeSH
• 2D gelová elektroforéza metody   MeSH
• aldolasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• fosfoglycerátkinasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fosfopyruváthydratasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• glycerolfosfátdehydrogenasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• isoelektrická fokusace metody   MeSH
• izoenzymy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• peptidové mapování metody   MeSH
• peptidy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteomika metody   MeSH
• ryby klasifikace   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice metody   MeSH
• spermie metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Mississippi MeSH
• Sibiř MeSH

We attempted to select a fraction of common carp, Cyprinus carpio spermatozoa that best survived a conventional freeze/thaw procedure, by centrifugation of frozen/thawed sperm through a Percoll gradient (45% and 90%). The proportion of motile spermatozoa (65.81 ± 5.19%), their velocity (77.58 ± 31.07 μm/sec), and membrane integrity (83.66 ± 4.38% intact) were significantly higher in separated sperm than in whole samples (motility 23.36 ± 2.98%, velocity 55.55 ± 19.03 μm/sec, and membrane integrity 57.92 ± 4.65%). Our results demonstrated that Percoll gradient centrifugation shows promise as a technique for selecting high quality cryopreserved fish spermatozoa, which could be useful for cryobiological research. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potentially higher fertilizing ability of the separated spermatozoa.

• MeSH
• buněčná membrána fyziologie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• centrifugace - gradient hustoty veterinární   MeSH
• kapři MeSH
• kryoprezervace veterinární   MeSH
• motilita spermií MeSH
• oxid křemičitý chemie   MeSH
• povidon chemie   MeSH
• spermie fyziologie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Cryopreservation causes osmotic changes and oxidative damage that have sublethal and lethal effects on spermatozoa. We examined these osmotic and oxidative effects on common carp spermatozoa motility; membrane integrity; levels of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and carbonyl groups (CP); and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Sperm was diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol-based extenders, followed by equilibration, freezing, and thawing. Equilibration in DMSO extender resulted in a significant reduction of spermatozoa motility, but motility was induced in those spermatozoa following dilution with saline buffer, which usually inhibits undiluted spermatozoa motility. Spermatozoa velocity and membrane integrity decreased with both extenders following freezing and thawing. No significant difference in levels of TBARS or CP, or in SOD activity, was seen in samples equilibrated with either extender. The freeze/thaw process induced significantly higher levels of TBARS, CP, and GPx activity, but did not affect the level of SOD. Glutathione reductase activity was inhibited in samples exposed to DMSO extender. Ethylene glycol should be considered a preferred cryoprotective agent for common carp spermatozoa to reduce osmotic and oxidative stress during cryopreservation.

• MeSH
• buněčná membrána účinky léků   MeSH
• dimethylsulfoxid farmakologie   MeSH
• ethylenglykol farmakologie   MeSH
• glutathionperoxidasa metabolismus   MeSH
• glutathionreduktasa metabolismus   MeSH
• kapři metabolismus   MeSH
• karbonylace proteinů účinky léků   MeSH
• kryoprezervace metody   veterinární   MeSH
• kryoprotektivní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou metabolismus   MeSH
• motilita spermií účinky léků   MeSH
• osmotický tlak účinky léků   MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• rybí proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• spermie cytologie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• videomikroskopie veterinární   MeSH
• vodní hospodářství metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH