CONTEXT: The decolonial turn in psychology criticizes conventional Western psychotherapeutic frameworks and seeks to decolonize therapeutic practices by considering diverse cultural perspectives. Indigenous healing has been increasingly used in the psychotherapy of ethnic communities, but also in the psychotherapy of Western clients. The research questions of the present study were focused on how Western clients experience the therapies inspired by Indigenous healing. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the motivations, experiences, and mental health outcomes of participants of therapies inspired by Indigenous healing with a focus on issues related to intercultural transfer of therapeutic practice. DESIGN: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were used to gather narratives from 28 participants. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Participants reported the following long-lasting outcomes of Indigenous therapies: increased well-being, calm, satisfaction with life, better emotion regulation, coping with stress, behavioral control, problem solving, decision making as well as a more sensitive and deeper experience of reality. Conventional Western psychotherapy was perceived as conversation-based, while Indigenous therapy was perceived as experience-based and more complex. The integration of experiences from Indigenous therapies was more difficult in the Western sociocultural environment compared to participation in the place of their origin, within the community of Indigenous people. CONCLUSION: Indigenous healing has beneficial outcomes for Western clients, but the integration of these experiences is quite difficult and requires systematic psychotherapeutic support in the Western cultural environment.
- MeSH
- adaptace psychologická MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychoterapie * metody MeSH
- tradiční lékařství psychologie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (130 stran)
V prosinci 2020 byl ukončen tříletý grantový projekt Emoční kreativita a kognitivní deficity u seniorů řešený na Pražské vysoké škole psychosociálních studií (podpořený Grantovou Agenturou ČR, projekt č. 18–26094S). Hlavním cílem tohoto projektu bylo prozkoumat vztah mezi emoční kreativitou a deficitem kognitivních funkcí u seniorů. Emoční kreativita patří mezi prozatím poměrně málo prozkoumané oblasti psychologie. Je to soubor kognitivních dovedností a osobnostních rysů vztahujících se k originalitě emočního prožívání. Zpráva stručně informuje o průběhu řešení projektu a výsledcích.
This report summarizes the main outputs of the finished grant project „Emotional creativity and cognitive decline in the elderly“ (GA ČR 18–26094S), conducted at the Prague College of Psychosocial Studies between the years 2018 and 2020. The main goal of this project was to explore the relationship between emotional creativity, defined as a set of cognitive abilities and personality traits related to the originality of emotional experience, and age-related cognitive impairments in older adults. The results of this project showed that age and age-related cognitive decline influence how people creatively think about their own, as well as other peoples’, emotions. This project produced empirical evidence showing that cognitive decline reduces not only creativity in problem solving, but also reduces the creativity that is closely related to the emotional life of older people. More importantly, the published preliminary study on patients in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease also indicates that emotional creativity could become another diagnostic tool for unveiling the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly.
Fear, anger and hopelessness were the most frequent traumatic emotional responses in the general public during the first stage of outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in the Czech Republic (N = 1,000). The four most frequent categories of fear were determined: (a) fear of the negative impact on household finances, (b) fear of the negative impact on the household finances of significant others, (c) fear of the unavailability of health care, and (d) fear of an insufficient food supply. The pessimistic communications used by the Czech mass media contributed to intensifying traumatic feelings, fears and psychological distress in the general public during the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hromadné sdělovací prostředky * MeSH
- kontrola infekce * MeSH
- koronavirové infekce * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- optimismus MeSH
- pandemie * MeSH
- pesimismus MeSH
- psychické trauma * psychologie MeSH
- psychický distres * MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- strach * psychologie MeSH
- virová pneumonie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Emo youth subculture bases its subcultural identification mostly on symbols of death, dying, suicide, and other kinds of morbid content. The main goal of the present study was to explore attitudes toward suicidal behavior and self-injury in emo adolescents. Semistructured in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 emo adherents, accompanied by the analysis of emo Web discussion forums. Participants reported attitudes including high acceptance for suicidal behavior and self-injury. The identification with the emo youth subculture is considered to be a factor strengthening vulnerability towards risky behaviors.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých psychologie MeSH
- chování sebezraňující psychologie MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- postoj ke smrti * MeSH
- postoj MeSH
- sebevražda psychologie MeSH
- sebevražedné myšlenky * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Parkinson's disease (PD) is often accompanied by significant changes in emotionality, such as apathy, anhedonia, anxiety and depression. The present review summarizes the empirical evidence, including amygdala changes and psychological changes in emotionality in people suffering from PD. Seventeen empirical full-text articles including research on both amygdala and emotionality in PD were reviewed. The changes in amygdala volumes as well as changes in binding potentials, functional connectivity, regional homogeneity and regional cerebral blood flow were found to have various impacts on emotionality in people with PD. The integration of the results showed that some effects of amygdala changes on emotionality were lateralized. Some of the reviewed studies indicated that the volume loss in the left amygdala was found to be related to increased anxiety, whereas bilateral volume loss in amygdala was linked to increased depressivity. The reviewed results also support a hypothesis of bradylimbic affective disturbance in patients with PD. The disturbed activation of amygdala accompanying the evaluation of negative facial expressions implies that the evaluation of the content of affective stimuli in terms of their affective meanings is disturbed in PD patients. Impaired evaluation of affective attributes given by amygdala-based translational deficits is likely to be related to problems in translating the results of cognitive appraisal into somatomotor, arousal and other changes. This mechanism is suggested to be responsible for apathy as well as for other changes in emotionality accompanying PD.
- MeSH
- amygdala patologie MeSH
- apatie MeSH
- depresivní poruchy MeSH
- emoce * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy * MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc patologie psychologie MeSH
- úzkost MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (192 stran)
OBJECTIVES: Problematic computer use is the use of computer technology that may be health-endangering and may cause immediate or later negative physical or psychological health outcomes or disturb well-being in users. The main purpose of this study was to review current empirical research on coping strategies which adolescents apply in the context of problematic computer use and the coping-relevant impacts of problematic computer use. METHODS: An integrative review of empirical studies using the Web of Science, Google Scholar, reference lists and forward tracking was conducted. Of the 404 articles identified, 28 peer-reviewed, full-text articles that directly addressed coping in relation to problematic Internet use, computer overuse and cyberbullying were included in the review. RESULTS: This review identified the structure of specific coping strategies related to problematic computer use as well as the general patterns of relationships between reviewed instances of problematic computer use, situational coping and dispositional coping. CONCLUSIONS: Instrumental action and talking with others were the most frequent strategies used by adolescents to cope with cyberbullying. The structure of the coping strategies related to problematic Internet use and computer overuse is highly differentiated, revealing a new and promising area for future research.
- MeSH
- adaptace psychologická * MeSH
- chování mladistvých psychologie MeSH
- internet * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- psychický stres epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- šikana * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The widely accepted two-dimensional circumplex model of emotions posits that most instances of human emotional experience can be understood within the two general dimensions of valence and activation. Currently, this model is facing some criticism, because complex emotions in particular are hard to define within only these two general dimensions. The present theory-driven study introduces an innovative analytical approach working in a way other than the conventional, two-dimensional paradigm. The main goal was to map and project semantic emotion space in terms of mutual positions of various emotion prototypical categories. Participants (N = 187; 54.5% females) judged 16 discrete emotions in terms of valence, intensity, controllability and utility. The results revealed that these four dimensional input measures were uncorrelated. This implies that valence, intensity, controllability and utility represented clearly different qualities of discrete emotions in the judgments of the participants. Based on this data, we constructed a 3D hypercube-projection and compared it with various two-dimensional projections. This contrasting enabled us to detect several sources of bias when working with the traditional, two-dimensional analytical approach. Contrasting two-dimensional and three-dimensional projections revealed that the 2D models provided biased insights about how emotions are conceptually related to one another along multiple dimensions. The results of the present study point out the reductionist nature of the two-dimensional paradigm in the psychological theory of emotions and challenge the widely accepted circumplex model.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Facial expression is one of the core issues in the ethological approach to the study of human behaviour. This study discusses sex-specific aspects of the recognition of the facial expression of fear using results from our previously published experimental study. We conducted an experiment in which 201 participants judged seven different facial expressions: anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise (Trnka et al. 2007). Participants were able to recognize the facial expression of fear significantly better on a male face than on a female face. Females also recognized fear generally better than males. The present study provides a new interpretation of this sex difference in the recognition of fear. We interpret these results within the paradigm of human ethology, taking into account the adaptive function of the facial expression of fear. We argue that better detection of fear might be crucial for females under a situation of serious danger in groups of early hominids. The crucial role of females in nurturing and protecting offspring was fundamental for the reproductive potential of the group. A clear decoding of this alarm signal might thus have enabled the timely preparation of females for escape or defence to protect their health for successful reproduction. Further, it is likely that males played the role of guardians of social groups and that they were responsible for effective warnings of the group under situations of serious danger. This may explain why the facial expression of fear is better recognizable on the male face than on the female face.
- MeSH
- etologie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- strach fyziologie MeSH
- výraz obličeje * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
