The objective of the study was to evaluate changes during storage time (0, 7, 14, and 21 D) in the weight, albumen quality and its functional properties, and protein content of eggs from enriched cage and free range at 26 and 51 wk of age. Egg weight was affected by a significant interaction between the housing system and the age of hens. Regarding individual factors, heavier eggs (P < 0.001) were obtained with the enriched cage (61.7 g) environment than with free range (59.6 g) environment at 51 wk (P < 0.001) (63.3 g vs. 58.0 g), and freshly laid eggs were heavier compared to eggs stored for 14 and 21 D (P < 0.001). The significant interaction of evaluated factors affecting egg weight loss included the Haugh unit score and pH. Albumen dry matter content was significantly higher in free-range eggs (14.70% vs. 14.0%), in eggs from younger hens (15.0% vs. 13.7%) and in eggs that were stored 21 D. Free-range eggs contained more lysozyme (P < 0.001), and younger hens produced eggs with higher ovotransferrin (P < 0.05) and ovalbumin content (P < 0.01). The data from the study show that the evaluated factors and their interactions significantly affected the physical parameters of the eggs, whereas albumen functional properties and lysozymes, ovalbumin, and ovotransferrin were negligibly affected.
- MeSH
- bydlení zvířat * MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chov zvířat metody MeSH
- kur domácí fyziologie MeSH
- kvalita jídla * MeSH
- ovum chemie MeSH
- skladování potravin statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- vejce analýza MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Mathematical modelling of the relationships between mineral inputs and outputs would enable the prediction of mineral requirements of poultry under a wide range of conditions. To establish the feasibility of possible modelling of mineral requirements, the current study aimed to describe the individual mineral concentrations of whole bodies of quail over the life cycle from hatching to 70 days of age. Quail were reared indoors without any restrictions that could limit growth. Sampling of birds (n = 6-18) was carried out at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 35, 49 and 70 days after hatching. Freeze-dried samples of whole bodies (digestive contents removed) were analysed for ash, and macrominerals (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium) and microminerals (copper, iron, manganese, nickel, selenium, zinc). Ash concentration followed a curvilinear trend, with a maximum of 101.7 g/kg dry matter at 32.77 days. Individual mineral concentrations, expressed as a proportion of ash, were fluctuating over time, with the most prominent changes at 3 days and again at either 14 or 21 days. Dissimilar patterns in individual mineral concentrations resulted that ratios between minerals followed inconsistent patterns over time. Although mineral contents in absolute quantities can be described through modelling over the entire life cycle of the bird, it can be concluded that variable concentrations of individual minerals could complicate further model development.
- MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- Coturnix fyziologie MeSH
- minerály chemie MeSH
- složení těla fyziologie MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
