The present study examines the trend in distribution of Candida species and their antifungal resistance patterns in hospitals across Haryana, a North Indian state with poorly addressed epidemiology of fungal infections. In our collection of 228 Candida isolates, Candida albicans dominated in both high vaginal swab (HVS) and urine samples while Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis were the second-highest non-albicans Candida species (NAC), respectively. Of note, in blood samples, C. tropicalis and C. albicans were present in equal numbers. All 228 isolates were subjected to antifungal susceptibility tests, whereby 51% of C. albicans recovered from HVS samples displayed fluconazole resistance. To understand its mechanistic basis, expression profiling of efflux pump genes CDR1, CDR2, MDR1 and azole drug target, ERG11 was performed in 20 randomly selected resistant isolates, wherein many isolates elicited higher expression. Further, ERG11 gene sequencing suggested that most of the isolates harbored mutations, which are not reported with azole resistance. However, one isolate, RPCA9 (MIC 64 μg/mL) harbored triple mutation (Y132C, F145L, A114V), wherein Y132 and F145 sites were previously implicated in azole resistance. Interestingly, one isolate, (RPCA61) having MIC > 128 μg/mL harbored a novel mutation, G129R. Of note, HVS isolates RPCA 21, RPCA 22, and RPCA 44 (MICs 64 to > 128 μg/mL) did not show any change in alteration in ERG11 or overexpression of efflux pump genes. Together, this study presents a first report of Candida infections in selected hospitals of Haryana State.

• MeSH
• antifungální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• azoly farmakologie   MeSH
• Candida albicans účinky léků   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Candida klasifikace   účinky léků   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• fungální léková rezistence genetika   MeSH
• fungální proteiny genetika   MeSH
• geny MDR genetika   MeSH
• kandidóza epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nemocnice MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u hub MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• systém (enzymů) cytochromů P-450 genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Indie MeSH