- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The article deals with occupational health protection and identification of health risks in the work environment of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of the Czech Republic (CR). It focuses on the assessment of the incidence of occupational diseases (OD) in high-risk and risk-free occupational categories in the years 2010-2019 and compares them with data from the civilian sector. It identifies the differences between military staff and civilian employees of the MoD. METHODS: From the records of OD at the Department of Occupational Diseases of the Central Military Hospital in Prague, the data on acknowledged OD from the years 2010 to 2019 were obtained and then a retrospective analysis focusing on the classification of work at risk was performed. The obtained data were compared with the data from the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases (NROD), which are published annually by the National Institute of Public Health. RESULTS: In the years under review, 191 OD were confirmed at the area of MoD, 26% of all OD occurred in employees classified in the occupational risk category. Compared with the data in the NROD, where 50% of OD were found to have been caused by high-risk work, the incidence of OD caused by high-risk work in professional soldiers is lower. Only 1.6% of all OD occurred in professional soldiers whose work was classified as high-risk one. In civilian employees of MoD 24.6% of all OD were connected with high-risk work. On the contrary, the proportion of OD occurring in professional soldiers working in risk-free categories was 57.6%, in civilian employees of MoD was the ratio much lower - 16.2%. CONCLUSION: Work at the Ministry of Defence was not adequately categorized, therefore, in 2020 a new categorization of work was introduced, which together with preventive measures could contribute to reducing the incidence of OD at the Ministry of Defence.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie MeSH
- ozbrojené síly * MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- zaměstnání MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Rezort Ministerstva obrany (MO) disponuje vlastní zdravotnickou a hygienickou službou k zabezpečení poskytování zdravotní péče, pracovnělékařských služeb (PLS) a k dozoru v oblasti ochrany veřejného zdraví příslušníků Armády České republiky (AČR) a zaměstnanců MO. Výskyt nemocí z povolání (NzP) do určité míry vypovídá o účinnosti zavedených preventivních opatření zaměstnavatelem. Profesionální onemocnění podléhají hlášení a evidenci. V letech 2010-2019 bylo v rezortu MO uznáno a ohlášeno 190 profesionálních onemocnění (188 NzP a 2 ohrožení nemocí z povolání). Dominovaly nemoci způsobené biologickými činiteli, jednalo se o profesionální nákazy. Kromě práce ve zdravotnictví a lesnictví se z hlediska nákazy projevil jako rizikový také výcvik vojsk v polních podmínkách a především služba vojáka z povolání (VZP) v zahraniční operaci (ZO). Další významnou skupinou profesionálních onemocnění bylo postižení periferních nervů horních končetin a pohybového aparátu v důsledku nadlimitních expozic vibracím a lokální svalové zátěži. Tyto NzP se týkaly převážně civilních zaměstnanců v lesnictví a v opravárenských podnicích. Rizikové práce jsou evidovány. Na konci roku 2019 bylo v rezortu MO vykonáváno celkem 428 různých rizikových prací. Do pracovního rizika bylo zařazeno 2806 VZP a 1904 ostatních zaměstnanců MO. V roce 2020 bylo hlavní hygieničkou MO vydáno rozhodnutí o kategorizaci výkonu služby VZP. Tímto rozhodnutím byl výkon služby VZP zařazen mezi rizikové práce v AČR, čímž se v celém rezortu MO významně zvýšily počty osob pracujících v riziku. Systém PLS prochází v současnosti reformou.
Ministry of Defence resort has its own medical service to provide health care and occupational-medical care and also hygiene service for supervision in the field of public health protection of Czech Army members and employees of Ministry of Defence. The incidence of occupational diseases partly indicates the effectiveness of the preventive measures in place. Occupational diseases have been reported and recorded. In 2010 - 2019, a total of 190 occupational diseases (188 occupational diseases and 2 persons endangered by an occupational disease) were certified and recorded in the Ministry of Defence resort. Diseases caused by the biological agents dominated, it was about work-related infectious diseases. In addition to work in health care industry and forestry, the training of troops in field conditions and, above all, military deployment abroad also proved to be risky in terms of infection. Another important group of occupational diseases was the lesion of peripheral nerves of the upper limbs and damage of musculoskeletal system due to excessive exposure to vibration and local muscle strain. Mainly civilian employees in forestry and in repair companies were punished by these occupational diseases. Work at risk have been recorded. In the end of 2019, there was in total 428 different work at risk recorded in the Ministry of Defence resort. The number of professional soldiers working at risk was 2806 persons and 1904 other persons. The Decision about the categorization of military service was issued by the chief hygiene officer of the Czech Army in 2020. It classified military service in the Czech Army as work at risk and, as a result, the number of persons working at risk in the Ministry of Defence resort has increased remarkably. The system of occupational-medical service is undergoing reform.
- Klíčová slova
- occupational diseases, armed forces, work at risk, occupational-medical service, nemoci z povolání, ozbrojené síly, riziková práce, pracovnělékařské služby,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
BACKGROUND/AIM: Obesity is currently considered to be the most frequent metabolic disease worldwide, not only in developed but also in developing countries. The aim of this work was to describe the development of health status in soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic (ACR) and to emphasizethe markers of non-communicable diseases. Our study describes the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of a large group of Czech Army professional soldiers. Data were obtained over a period of 11 years. METHODS: During the monitored period, from 1999 to 2009, military physicians carried out on the average 6,360 examinations on professional soldiers per year and monitored their health and nutritional status with the aim of preventing the risk factors of non-communicable diseases. These examinations are compulsory for all professional soldiers at the age of 25, 30, 33, and 36 years. From the age of 39, these examinations are carried out every year till the end of their career. Besides taking personal histories and carrying out standard physical examinations, blood was taken for biochemical examination. The following anthropometric parameters were monitored: body constitution using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Our study describes only part of the data concerning anthropometric and biochemical parameters of professional soldiers which were obtained over a period of 11 years. RESULTS: Average BMI values in men were in the overweight range (26.5-27 kg/m2). Average values of waist circumference, however, ranged from 91.9 cm to 93.4 cm. Between the first and the last year of monitoring a statistically significant decrease in these values ranging from 93.4 ± 9.8 cm to 92.7 ± 9.5 cm (p < 0.001) was observed. All monitored anthropometric parameters in female professional soldiers were within normal limits. During the monitored period the proportion of overweight men gradually increased from 52% to 57.1% (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant changes in the prevalence of obesity in men (12-15%). Average glycaemia levels were within normal range in both men and women. A statistically significant decrease in these levels, however, was observed in men (from 5.1 ± 0.9 mmol/L to 4.8 ± 0.7 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and in women (from 4.9 ± 0.6 mmol/L to 4.6 ± 0.6 mmol/L (p < 0.001). Concerning the lipid profile in men, a significant decrease in average values of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol was observed; from 5.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L to 5.1 ± 1.0 mmol/L (p < 0.001), from 2.0 ± 1.6 mmol/L to 1.6 ± 1.2 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and from 3.4 ± 1.1 mmol/L to 3.2 ± 0.9 mmol/L (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: During the monitored period only one-third of military professionals had normal body weight. More favorable situation was in female professional soldiers, two-thirds of them had normal body weight during the monitored period. Additionally, the increase in the number of individuals with BMI values in the overweight range was observed. Although the number of overweight soldiers was overestimated as a result of the inclusion of individuals with increased body weight due to well-developed musculature, the number of overweight and obese soldiers is still high.
- MeSH
- cholesterol metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- HDL-cholesterol metabolismus MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- LDL-cholesterol metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha epidemiologie metabolismus MeSH
- obezita epidemiologie metabolismus MeSH
- ozbrojené síly statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- triglyceridy metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
Autor popisuje možnosti monitorování výskytu neinfekčních onemocnění hromadného výskytu a realizaci preventivního intervenčního programu s redukcí nadměrné tělesné hmotnosti s využitím dietních, režimových, pohybových a farmakologických postupů, který skýtá reálný předpoklad poklesu prevalence nadváhy a obezity v Armádě České republiky (AČR) a současně snížení morbidity příslušníků AČR.
The author describes the monitoring of risk factors mass incidence of non-infectious diseases and the implementation of preventive programs with excessive weight loss using dietary, psychological, physiological and pharmacological approaches to offer realistic condition for decrease of overweight and obesity that is prevalent in the Czech Army, and to concurrently decrease its morbidity.
- MeSH
- dietoterapie MeSH
- distribuce tělesného tuku MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha diagnóza prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- obezita diagnóza prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- ozbrojené síly MeSH
- primární prevence metody organizace a řízení MeSH
- služby preventivní péče metody organizace a řízení MeSH
- terapie cvičením MeSH
- vojenské lékařství MeSH
- zdravé chování MeSH
- životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
