Introduction: The use of Cannabis sativa L. in health care requires stringent care for the optimal production of the bioactive compounds. However, plant phenotypes and the content of secondary metabolites, such as phytocannabinoids, are strongly influenced by external factors, such as nutrient availability. It has been shown that phytocannabinoids can exhibit selective cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines while protecting healthy tissue from apoptosis. Research Aim: This study aimed to clarify the cytotoxic effect of cannabis extracts on colorectal cell lines by identifying the main active compounds and determining their abundance and activity across all developmental stages of medical cannabis plants cultivated under hydroponic conditions. Materials and Methods: Dimethyl sulfoxide extracts of medical cannabis plants bearing the genotype classified as chemotype I were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and their cytotoxic activity was determined by measuring cell viability by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay on the human colon cancer cell lines, Caco-2 and HT-29, and the normal human epithelial cell line, CCD 841 CoN. Results: The most abundant phytocannabinoid in cannabis extracts was tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Its maximum concentrations were reached from the 7th to the 13th plant vegetation week, depending on the nutritional cycle and treatment. Almost all extracts were cytotoxic to the human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line HT-29 at lower concentrations than the other cell lines. The phytocannabinoids that most affected the cytotoxicity of individual extracts on HT-29 were cannabigerol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabigerolic acid, and THCA. The tested model showed almost 70% influence of these cannabinoids. However, THCA alone influenced the cytotoxicity of individual extracts by nearly 65%. Conclusions: Phytocannabinoid extracts from plants of the THCA-dominant chemotype interacted synergistically and showed selective cytotoxicity against the CRC cell line, HT-29. This positive extract response indicates possible therapeutic value.
- MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- Cannabis * chemie MeSH
- hydroponie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- marihuana pro léčebné účely * MeSH
- tetrahydrokanabinol analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A 120-day experiment was conducted to compare the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from agricultural soil after natural attenuation (NA), phytoremediation (P), mycoremediation (M), and plant-assisted mycoremediation (PAM) approaches in relation to the extracellular enzyme activities in soil. The NA treatment removed the total soil PAH content negligibly. The P treatment using maize (Zea mays) enhanced only the removal of low and medium molecular PAHs. The Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on 30-50 mm wood chip substrate used in M treatment was the most successful in the removal of majority PAHs. Therefore, significantly (p < 0.05) highest total PAH removal by 541.4 μg/kg dw (dry weight) (36%) from all tested M treatments was observed. When using the same fungal substrate together with maize in PAM treatment, the total PAH removal was not statistically different from the previous M treatment. However, the maize-assisted mycoremediation treatment significantly boosted fungal biomass, microbial and manganese peroxidase activity in soil which strongly correlated with the removal of total PAHs. The higher PAH removal in that PAM treatment could be reflected in the following post-harvest time. Our suggested M and PAM approaches could be promising in situ bioremediation strategies for PAH-contaminated soils.
- MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- extracelulární prostor enzymologie MeSH
- kukuřice setá cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- peroxidasy metabolismus MeSH
- Pleurotus cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
A model small-scale field experiment was set up to investigate selenium (Se) uptake by four different varieties of broccoli plants, as well as the effect of Se foliar application on the uptake of essential elements for plants calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn). Foliar application of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) was carried out at two rates (25 and 50 g Se/ha), and an untreated control variant was included. Analyses of individual parts of broccoli were performed, whereby it was found that Se in the plant accumulates mainly in the flower heads and slightly less in the leaves, stems, and roots, regardless of the Se rate and broccoli variety. In most cases, there was a statistically significant increase of Se content in all parts of the plant, while there was no confirmed systematic influence of the addition of Se on the changing intake of other monitored elements. Selenization of broccoli leads to an effective increase in the Se content at a rate of 25 g/ha, whereas the higher rate did not result in a substantial increase of Se content compared to the lower rate in all varieties. Therefore, the rate of 25 g/ha can be recommended as effective to produce broccoli with an increased Se content suitable for consumption. Moreover, Se application resulted in an adequate increase of the main organic compounds of Se, such as selenocystine (SeCys2), selenomethionine (SeMet), and Se-methylselenocysteine (Se-MeSeCys).
- MeSH
- biologický transport MeSH
- Brassica účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- cystin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- kationty dvojmocné metabolismus MeSH
- kationty jednomocné metabolismus MeSH
- kořeny rostlin účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- květy účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- listy rostlin účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- organoselenové sloučeniny izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- selenocystein analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- selenomethionin izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- sloučeniny selenu izolace a purifikace metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie atomová MeSH
- stonky rostlin účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
