Bioimpedance is the ability of biological tissues to impede the flow of electrical current. It is often measured as a means of detecting volume and structural changes in various biological tissues. The purpose of this work was to design a two-channel portable device for measuring multifrequency bioimpedance of human limbs. The device was constructed specifically for evaluation of the bioimpedance measurement as a possible tool for aiding in diagnosis of soft-tissue structural changes in the muscles of human limbs by continuously comparing bioimpedance of one limb to the other. The proposed device is based on impedance converter AD5933. It is designed for noninvasive measurements on the human body with low amplitude alternating current at frequencies between 1 kHz and 100 kHz. The device was tested for electromagnetic compatibility, accuracy and used in laboratory measurements for detection of muscle edema on a bioimpedance model. It is capable of measuring impedance up to 100 kΩ with a relative measurement error below 1.84%.
The article deals with an overview of acute extremity compartment syndrome with a focus on the option of non-invasive detection of the syndrome. Acute extremity compartment syndrome (ECS) is an urgent complication that occurs most often in fractures or high-energy injuries. There is still no reliable method for detecting ECS. The only objective measurement method used in clinical practice is an invasive measurement of intramuscular pressure (IMP). The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current state of research into non-invasive measurement methods that could allow simple and reliable continuous monitoring of patients at risk of developing ECS. Clinical trials are currently underway to verify the suitability of the most studied method, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which is a method for measuring the local oxygenation of muscle compartments. Less explored methods include the use of ultrasound, ultrasound elastography, bioimpedance measurements, and quantitative tissue hardness measurements. Finding a suitable method for continuous non-invasive monitoring of the syndrome would greatly improve the quality of care for patients at risk. ECS must be diagnosed quickly and accurately to prevent irreversible tissue damage that can occur within hours of syndrome onset and may even warrant amputation if neglected.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Current research has identified extensive changes in land-use structure and land management of Central European rural landscapes due to shifting political and economic trajectories. These changes are exemplified by diverse processes of agricultural intensification, privatization and land fragmentation, land abandonment and overall changes in modes of production. The extensive record of these historically specific processes has posed a fundamental challenge for rural landscape conservation, which is addressed in this paper. First, we identify the key contradictions in rural landscape conservation, which include (i) conservation based on cultural versus environmental/ecological values, (ii) conservation based on spatial landscape patterns versus individual landscape features, and (iii) conservation based on the preservation of past landscapes versus conservation that also address the processes of change. Subsequently, we use a case study of an existing open-air museum in Zubrnice, northern Czechia, to analyze and discuss these dichotomies. In this regional case study, we first contextualize the land-use/land-cover change (LULC) reconstructed from old maps using a thorough archive (documentary proxies) and field research (survey of agrarian terraces, clearance cairns, and remnants of orchards) that enabled the construction of a narrative of specific landscape structures and features. Finally, we integrate the collected data with a novel methodological approach that allow for the spatial identification of the landscape segments that represent the narratives of historical change in modes of rural production and are therefore suitable for integration within the existing open-air museum to improve its conservation and education status.
- MeSH
- ekologie MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- venkovské obyvatelstvo MeSH
- zachování přírodních zdrojů * MeSH
- zemědělství * MeSH
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- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
