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In recent years, pharmaceuticals and personal care products have received increasing attention as significant contaminants in the aquatic environment, especially due to the potential threat to human populations and aquatic ecosystems. After application or use, these substances enter the aquatic environment mainly through imperfectly purified wastewater. Residues of these substances or their metabolites pose a danger to non-target species, as these substances have been designed to have an effect even at low concentrations. The life cycle of many aquatic organisms also takes place in water, and the action of these substances then results in multigenerational exposure. Although these substances are not present in high concentrations in the aquatic environment and do not cause acute toxicity, chronic exposure may occur. The aim of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge about drugs and personal care products detected in the aquatic environment and their possible effects on aquatic biota.
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The sediment pollution of the aquatic environment by waste due to anthropogenic activity is of an increasing concern. The contaminants coming from the aquatic environment can enter the aquatic food chain and accumulate in the tissues of fish and shellfish used for human consumption. The aim of this study was to sum up the current level of knowledge concerning the pollution of aquatic sediments and its transfer to aquatic foods as well as to indicate whether such contamination has the potential to affect the health and welfare of aquatic organisms as well as the quality and safety of the species intended for human consumption. Based on the results of scientific studies, the European Food Safety Authority, and the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed, contamination of fish and seafood occurs predominantly through their diet and the levels of bioaccumulative contaminants are higher in fish which rank higher in the food chain. Contamination of aquatic habitats can not only significantly affect behavior, development, and welfare of aquatic organisms, but it can also affect the safety of fish and seafood for human consumption.
The growing consumption of pharmaceuticals in the human population and the insufficient efficiency of their elimination in waste water has a long-term negative impact on the environment of aquatic ecosystems, including the organisms that inhabit them. A significant contributor is the consumption of anti-depressants from the SSRI group, which corresponds to their increasing concentration in the environment. The aim of this work was to determine if antidepressant sertraline is able to be stored in fish organisms and to evaluate the content of residues in various body tissues. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchuss mykkis) was selected as the test organism and was artificially exposed to the antidepressant for 1 month (concentrations 0; 4.2; 44 and 400 ng.g-1 sertraline in the feed). Liver, kidney, brain and muscle tissue biopsies samples were taken for analysis. Detection was performed using an Accela 1250 LC pump and an Accela autosampler coupled with a high-performance mass analyzer with a heated electrospray ionization source Q-Exactive Orbitrap, operating in positive ionization mode and in PRM mode (m/z 306.08108->275.03888 and 309.009991->275.03888 for sertraline and internal standard, respectively). The limit of quantification of the method was 0.1 ng.g-1 of sertraline and the calibration curve showed a good linearity up to 20 ng.g-1. From the collected data, amount of residues was found in the liver, kidney and brain. In contrast, the incidence of residues in muscle tissue was not detected in all groups, which is favorable from the point of view of fish meat consumption, by humans.
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací * MeSH
- obsah radioaktivních látek v organizmu MeSH
- Oncorhynchus mykiss metabolismus MeSH
- rezidua léčiv analýza MeSH
- selektivní inhibitory zpětného vychytávání serotoninu analýza MeSH
- sertralin analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie * MeSH
- tkáňová distribuce MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
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- časopisecké články MeSH
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