V práci sa študoval obsah a kvalita silice vo vzťahu k hlavným ontogenetickým štádiám rastlín, u troch rôznych druhov rodu Echinacea. Porovnávali sa druhy: Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea atrorubens a Echinacea pallida. Ďalej sa sledovali rozdiely v obsahu silice v rôznych častiach rastliny a hodnotilo sa zastúpenie jednotlivých obsahových látok v silici sledovaných druhov v štádiu optimálnej zrelosti pre zber.
The content and quality of the essential oil in relation to the main ontogenetic stages of plants were studied in three various sorts of Echinacea genus. The comparison included Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea atrorubens, and Echinacea pallida. The differences in the content of the oil in different parts of plants and the abundance of individual oil constituents in oils from the sorts under study at the optimum stage of ripeness for harvest were evaluated as well.
V práci sa sledovali kvalitatívne vlastnosti silice získanej z kvetných úborov druhu Tanacetum vulgare L. Zloženie silice sa hodnotilo u rastlín z troch rôznych lokalít, ktoré sa líšili nadmorskou výškou, teplotným gradientom, ako i pôdnoklimatickými podmienkami. Za použitia plynovej chromatografie (GC/MS) sa oddelilo 49 zložiek silice, z ktorých 35 bolo identifikovaných. Zastúpenie obsahových látok v silici sa líšilo v závislosti od lokality. V najjužnejšie položenej lokalite s pomerne veľkým slnečným svitom bol obsah ß-tujón v silici najvyšší, kým smerom k severnejším oblastiam sa obsah silice znižoval a zvyšoval sa obsah gáfru. V najsevernejšie položenej oblasti možno pozorovať zvýšený počet chemovarov gáfrovo-cineolového typu. Záverom treba povedať, že odlišné klimatické a agrotechnické podmienky, geografický pôvod a adaptácia genotypov Tanacetum vulgare k rastovým podmienkam, môžu byť príčinou zistených chemotypov v sledovaných lokalitách.
The study examined the qualitative properties of the essential oil obtained from the flower heads of the species Tanacetum vulgare L. The composition of the essential oil was evaluated in plants from various localities, which differed in the altitude, temperature gradient, as well as soil-climate conditions. With the use of gas chromatography (GC/MS), 49 constituents of the essential oil were separated, out of which 35 was identified. The shares of the constituents in the essential oil differed in dependence on the locality. In the lowest-lying locality with a relatively large sunshine, the content of ß-tujons in the essential oil was the highest, whereas in the regions lying towards the north the content of the essential oil was decreased and the content of camphor was increased. In the northernmost region an increased number of chemovars of the camphor-cineole type was observed. In conclusion, it must be said that different climatic and agrotechnical conditions, geographical origin and adaptation of the genotypes of Tanacetum vulgare to the growth conditions can be the causes of the found chemotypes in the localities under examination.
In the present study, the Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA 100 was used in the plate-incorporation test to examine the antimutagenic potential of caffeic, ferulic and cichoric acids extracted from plant species of genera Echinacea (L) Moench, as well as of another phenolic acids, on 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylic acid (5NFAA) and sodium azide mutagenicity. All tested compounds possess antimutagenic activity. In the case of 5NFAA, the antimutagenic potency of tested compounds was in the order of gallic acid > ferulic acid > caffeic acid > syringic acid > vanillic acid. The mutagenic effect of sodium azide was inhibited by tested phenolic acids by about 20-35 %. The most effective compound, gallic acid inhibits this effect by 82 % in the concentration of 500 mug/plate. The only exception from favourable properties of tested phenolic acids is cichoric acid, which in the contrary significantly increased the mutagenic effect of 5NFAA.
Práca sa zaoberá hodnotením obsahu a kvality silice medovky lekárskej v rôznych listových inzer-ciách v priebehu ontogenetického vývoja rastliny. Kvalita drogy po aplikácii preparátu Rastin 30DKV vo forme granulátu, sa v porovnaní s kontrolnými vzorkami nezmenila. Experimentálna práca,následná analýza vzoriek a vyhodnotenie výsledkov prinieslo závery, ktoré sú dôležité z hľadiskavýznamných zmien v obsahu a zložení silice, ktoré v priebehu vegetačného obdobia v rastlineprebiehajú.
The paper deals with the evaluation of the content and quality of the essential oil of Melissaofficinalis in various leaf insertions in the course of the ontogenetic development of the plant. Thequality of the drug after the administration of the preparation Rastin 30 DKV in the form of granuleswas not changed in comparison with control samples. The experimental work, subsequent analysisof samples, and evaluation of results led to conclusions important from the viewpoint of significantchanges in the content and composition of the essential oil taking place in the plant in the courseof the vegetation period.
- Klíčová slova
- RASTIN SODKU,
- MeSH
- chromatografie plynová MeSH
- léčivé rostliny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- listy rostlin MeSH
- oleje rostlin analýza chemie využití MeSH
- regulátory růstu rostlin MeSH
- vývojová biologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Ontogenetická fáza rastliny, ako aj intenzita rozvoja jednotlivých kvetných útvarov do značnej miery vplýva na kvalitu drogy siličných rastlín. Kvetné úbory rastlinného druhu Anthemis tinctoria L. boli hodnotené v štyroch hlavných fázach vývoja rastliny. Obsah silice v jednotlivých kvetných častiach sa pohyboval od 0,02 - 2,76 % v/w. Najvyšší obsah éterického oleja dosahovali jazykovité kvety V druhej vývojovej fáze. Obsah silice vo vzduchosuchej droge sa menej výrazne menil v jednotlivých kvetných častiach vzhľadom na lokalitu pestovania.
The ontogenetic stage of plant development as well as the intensity of the development of the individual floral formations influences the quality of the drug of essential-oil plants to a considerable extent. The floral capitula of the plant species Anthemis tinctoria L. were evalueated in four principal stages of plant development. The content of the essential oil in the individual floral parts ranged from 0.02 to 2.76 % v/w. The highest content of ethereal oil was found in the tongue-shaped flowers in the second development stage. The content of essential oil in the air-dried drug was less markedly changed in the individual floral parts due to the locality of cultivation.
