Our previous studies have shown that CyanoHAB LPS (lipopolysaccharides) and LPS from cyanobacterial cultures induce pro-inflammatory effects on intestinal epithelial and immune cells in vitro. To expand our understanding, we investigated their impact on human keratinocytes, which are targeted during water recreational activities. LPS samples were isolated from CyanoHAB biomasses dominated by Microcystis, Aphanizomenon, Planktothrix, and Dolichospermum, or from axenic cultures of these genera. We identified two CyanoHAB biomasses containing a high proportion of Gram-negative bacteria, including potentially pathogenic genera. These biomasses showed the highest induction of interleukin (IL) 8, IL-6, C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2 (also known as MCP-1), and CCL20 production by HaCaT cells. Interestingly, all CyanoHAB-derived LPS and LPS from axenic cultures (except for Microcystis) accelerated cell proliferation and migration. Our findings highlight the role of G- bacteria composition and LPS structural disparities in influencing these effects, with implications for skin health during recreational activities.
- MeSH
- jezera MeSH
- keratinocyty MeSH
- kůže MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy toxicita MeSH
- Microcystis * MeSH
- sinice * chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
AIM: The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD: Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS: MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
- inulin * metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multiomika MeSH
- nadváha metabolismus MeSH
- obezita metabolismus MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The influence of specific and non-specific antibiotic pressure on in vivo spread of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance was evaluated in this study. Chickens repeatedly inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis harbouring the plasmid pAMβ1 carrying the erm(B) gene were perorally treated for one week with tylosin, lincomycin (both specific antibiotic pressure) and chlortetracycline (non-specific antibiotic pressure). Antibiotic non-treated but E. faecalis inoculated chickens served as a control. To quantify the erm(B) gene and characterise intestinal microflora, faecal DNA was analysed by qPCR and 454-pyrosequencing. Under the pressure of antibiotics, a significant increase in erm(B) was observed by qPCR. However, at the final stage of the experiment, an increase in erm(B) was also observed in two out of five non-treated chickens. In chickens treated with tylosin and chlortetracycline, the increase in erm(B) was accompanied by an increase in enterococci. However, E. faecalis was at the limit of detection in all animals. This suggests that the erm(B) gene spread among the gut microbiota other than E. faecalis. Pyrosequencing results indicated that, depending on the particular antibiotic pressure, different bacteria could be responsible for the spread of MLSB resistance. Different species of MLSB-resistant enterococci and streptococci were isolated from cloacal swabs during and after the treatment. PFGE analysis of MLSB-resistant enterococci revealed four clones, all differing from the challenge strain. All of the MLSB-resistant isolates harboured a plasmid of the same size as pAMβ1. This study has shown that MLSB resistance may spread within the gut microbiota under specific and non-specific pressure and even in the absence of any antimicrobial pressure. Finally, depending on the particular antibiotic pressure, different bacterial species seems to be involved in the spread of MLSB resistance.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- chlortetracyklin farmakologie MeSH
- DNA primery genetika MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- Enterococcus faecalis účinky léků genetika MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- grampozitivní bakteriální infekce veterinární MeSH
- kur domácí * MeSH
- linkosamidy farmakologie MeSH
- makrolidy farmakologie MeSH
- methyltransferasy genetika MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže mikrobiologie MeSH
- neparametrická statistika MeSH
- plazmidy genetika MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální genetika MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza veterinární MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- streptogramin B farmakologie MeSH
- tylosin farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and quantitative PCR showed that the cecal microbiota of chicks up to the age of 21 days was dominated by representatives of the orders Enterobacteriales, Clostridiales, and Lactobacillales. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection caused the greatest changes in the gut microbiota when 1-day-old chicks were infected, compared with the infection of 4- and 16-day-old chicks.
- MeSH
- cékum mikrobiologie MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- metagenom * MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis růst a vývoj MeSH
- salmonelová infekce u zvířat mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
