The most important challenges in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is preventing early death and reducing long-term events, such as second neoplasms (s-NPLs). We performed a retrospective analysis of 2670 unselected APL patients, treated with PETHEMA "chemotherapy based" and "chemotherapy free" protocols. Only de novo APL patients who achieved complete remission (CR) and completed the three consolidation cycles were enrolled into the analysis. Out of 2670 APL patients, there were 118 (4.4%) who developed s-NPLs with the median latency period (between first CR and diagnosis of s-NPL) of 48.0 months (range 2.8-231.1): 43.3 (range: 2.8-113.9) for s-MDS/AML and 61.7 (range: 7.1-231.1) for solid tumour. The 5-year CI of all s-NPLs was of 4.43% and 10 years of 7.92%. Among s-NPLs, there were 58 cases of s-MDS/AML, 3 cases of other hematological neoplasms, 57 solid tumours and 1 non-identified neoplasm. The most frequent solid tumour was colorectal, lung and breast cancer. Overall, the 2-year OS from diagnosis of s-NPLs was 40.6%, with a median OS of 11.1 months. Multivariate analysis identified age of 35 years (hazard ratio = 0.2584; p < 0.0001) as an independent prognostic factor for s-NPLs. There were no significant differences in CI of s-NPLs at 5 years between chemotherapy-based vs chemotherapy-free regimens (hazard ratio = 1.09; p = 0.932). Larger series with longer follow-up are required to confirm the potential impact of ATO+ATRA regimens to reduce the incidence of s-NPLs after front-line therapy for APL.

• MeSH
• akutní promyelocytární leukemie * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• patologická kompletní odpověď MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• sekundární malignity * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• tretinoin MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• akutní myeloidní leukemie * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• antigeny CD28 MeSH
• antigeny CD3 imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny CD38 * antagonisté a inhibitory   metabolismus   MeSH
• humanizované monoklonální protilátky * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové glykoproteiny MeSH
• protilátky bispecifické terapeutické užití   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• T-lymfocyty imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH