Torque teno sus viruses (TTSuV) were detected in the pig population in the Czech Republic by a nested PCR technique. The prevalence of individual TTSuV was found to be 42.9% (TTSuV1) and 46.7% (TTSuV2). The prevalence for TTSuV 1 and TTSuV2 was determined to be 52.7% and 60.6% in piglets at weaning, 90.9% and 63.6% in gilts, and 75% and 87.5% in sows, respectively. Both virus species were detected in 12% of newborn piglets, which suggests possible transplacental transmission. Sequencing of several virus strains showed that the sequenced TTSuV strains belong to two different species of viruses. The average similarity on the nucleotide levels between these two species was 43.3%.

• MeSH
• DNA virů chemie   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• infekce DNA virem epidemiologie   veterinární   virologie   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• nemoci prasat epidemiologie   virologie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sekvenční homologie nukleových kyselin MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• Torque teno virus klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• věkové rozložení MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: The female lower genital tract is a gateway for pathogens entering the host through the mucous membrane. One of the prevalent human viruses is Torque teno virus (TTV). The major reported routes of TTV transmission are fecal-oral and parenteral. Furthermore, other modes of transmission, e.g. sexual contact, are suggested. To investigate the sexual route of TTV transmission, cervical smears of healthy women and those with cervical lesions were screened for the presence of TTV DNA. METHODS: TTV DNA was studied in cervical smears of 95 patients with cervical lesions and 55 healthy women. Paired serum samples were available from 55 and 42 women, respectively. All healthy women had normal cytology while 44 patients had histologically confirmed low-grade lesion (LGL) and 51 high-grade lesion (HGL). TTV DNA was detected with primers specific for the non-coding region. In 40 paired cervical smears and serum samples, the phylogenetic group of TTV isolates was determined. The presence of HPV DNA in cervical smears was detected by means of PCR with MY09/11 primers. RESULTS: The prevalence of TTV DNA in cervical smears of healthy women was 52.7% and was comparable with that in paired serum samples (50%). Symptomatic women had significantly higher prevalence of TTV DNA in cervical smears (74.7%) than healthy controls. The TTV DNA prevalence in patient serum samples was 51%. The phylogenetic groups of TTV serum isolates were concordant with those of TTV from cervical smears of the same subjects. In cervical smears, a wider variety of TTV isolates was found. The viral loads in cervical smears were 10 to 1000 times as high as in sera. The HPV-positive study subjects had significantly higher TTV DNA prevalence than HPV negatives. The prevalence of TTV was not associated with disease severity. CONCLUSION: High prevalence of TTV in cervical smears suggests that sexual transmission is another mode of expansion of TTV infection among the population. The higher viral load in cervical smears than in the respective serum samples might indicate active TTV replication in the female genital tract. Nevertheless, cooperation between TTV and HPV needs to be further investigated.

• MeSH
• DNA virů izolace a purifikace   krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• infekce DNA virem epidemiologie   komplikace   přenos   virologie   MeSH
• infekce papilomavirem epidemiologie   komplikace   přenos   virologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Papillomaviridae genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sexuálně přenosné nemoci virové epidemiologie   komplikace   přenos   virologie   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Torque teno virus genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• vaginální stěr MeSH
• virová nálož MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

BACKGROUND: TTV is a new DNA virus distinguished by its high degree of strain heterogeneity. The geographic clustering of viral genotypes suggests frequent community transmission. While no specific human disease has yet been linked to it, a transmission mechanism that facilitates strain diversity may eventually select for a strain that will become pathogenic. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to examine the prevalence, genotypic distribution, and mode of transmission of TTV in detail. STUDY DESIGN: Three groups of study subjects were recruited between October 1998 and January 2000 in Prague, Czech Republic. Group 1 included 152 injection drug users with liver disease; group 2 included 102 persons with liver disease who denied ever using injection drugs; group 3 included 111 prospective blood donors. TTV DNA was detected from blood by a semi-nested PCR assay, and a selected set of PCR products was genotyped by direct sequencing. Factors associated with TTV prevalence in groups 1 and 2 subjects were compared. RESULTS: TTV was detected in 15.8, 13.7, and 13.5% of Groups 1, 2, and 3 subjects, respectively (P>0.05). The most common genotype was 2 (54%), followed by 1 (13%). The prevalence of TTV viremia was nearly three times higher in persons with a present or past history of hepatitis B compared to those without (P<0.05). TTV prevalence increased proportionately with the number of lifetime sex partners in both groups (P<0.05); it was highest (32%) among non-users of injection drugs who had five or more lifetime sex partners. CONCLUSION: TTV prevalence in the Czech population is similar among blood donors, persons with liver disease, as well as in a high-risk population of injection drug users. TTV appears to be sexually transmitted.

• MeSH
• dárci krve MeSH
• DNA virů analýza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• hepatitida B epidemiologie   přenos   virologie   MeSH
• infekce DNA virem epidemiologie   přenos   virologie   MeSH
• intravenózní abúzus drog virologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• přenos infekční nemoci MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• sexuálně přenosné nemoci epidemiologie   virologie   MeSH
• sexuální chování MeSH
• Torque teno virus genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH