Tick saliva has been extensively studied in the context of tick-host interactions because it is involved in host homeostasis modulation and microbial pathogen transmission to the host. Accumulated knowledge about the tick saliva composition at the molecular level has revealed that serine protease inhibitors play a key role in the tick-host interaction. Serpins are one highly expressed group of protease inhibitors in tick salivary glands, their expression can be induced during tick blood-feeding, and they have many biological functions at the tick-host interface. Indeed, tick serpins have an important role in inhibiting host hemostatic processes and in the modulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses of their vertebrate hosts. Tick serpins have also been studied as potential candidates for therapeutic use and vaccine development. In this review, we critically summarize the current state of knowledge about the biological role of tick serpins in shaping tick-host interactions with emphasis on the mechanisms by which they modulate host immunity. Their potential use in drug and vaccine development is also discussed.

• MeSH
• inhibitory serinových proteinas fyziologie   MeSH
• klíšťata * metabolismus   MeSH
• serpiny * metabolismus   MeSH
• slinné žlázy metabolismus   MeSH
• sliny metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The publication of the first tick sialome (salivary gland transcriptome) heralded a new era of research of tick protease inhibitors, which represent important constituents of the proteins secreted via tick saliva into the host. Three major groups of protease inhibitors are secreted into saliva: Kunitz inhibitors, serpins, and cystatins. Kunitz inhibitors are anti-hemostatic agents and tens of proteins with one or more Kunitz domains are known to block host coagulation and/or platelet aggregation. Serpins and cystatins are also anti-hemostatic effectors, but intriguingly, from the translational perspective, also act as pluripotent modulators of the host immune system. Here we focus especially on this latter aspect of protease inhibition by ticks and describe the current knowledge and data on secreted salivary serpins and cystatins and their role in tick-host-pathogen interaction triad. We also discuss the potential therapeutic use of tick protease inhibitors.

• MeSH
• cystatiny fyziologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• imunomodulace MeSH
• inhibitory proteas klasifikace   metabolismus   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inhibitory serinových proteinas fyziologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• klíšťata metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• serpiny fyziologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• sliny enzymologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• transkriptom MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• akrozom chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• inhibitory serinových proteinas fyziologie   MeSH
• interakce spermie a vajíčka fyziologie   MeSH
• lektiny fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• serinové endopeptidasy antagonisté a inhibitory   fyziologie   MeSH
• zona pellucida chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH