Instrumental human scent analysis is undoubtedly desirable for many forensic as well medical applications. Most of the previous human scent studies were focused on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which were analysed by head space solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS). This method is, however, significantly less sensitive to "heavier" less volatile compounds emitted from the human skin. These less volatile organic scent molecules probably create the basis of the individual human scent signature, and therefore, our attention is focused mainly on these "heavier" compounds. The human scent was adsorbed onto purified glass beads and samples were prepared as hexane solutions obtained by extraction from the sampled glass beads. To resolve a lot of very similar molecules, the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GCxGC-TOFMS) was used to analyse the hexane scent solutions. Using this technique, more than 137 less volatile molecules including organic fatty acids, ketones, aldehydes, simple esters, alcohols, and especially various fatty acid esters with different carbon chains were identified. A considerable number of these molecules were identified in the scent samples for the first time.

• MeSH
• adsorpce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikroextrakce na pevné fázi metody   MeSH
• pleťový krém chemie   MeSH
• plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• těkavé organické sloučeniny chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH

PURPOSE: The work is aimed at the description and study of the hydration effect of different active substances (hyaluronic acid, sericin, glycerol, and urea) incorporated in two different vehicles commonly used for compounding pharmaceutical ingredients, gel, and emulsion. METHODS: The effects of the formulations were investigated by instrumental methods in vivo after their administration to the skin of volar forearms in a group of 20 healthy volunteers (women, mean age of 28 years). Hydration effect was observed by corneometry and barrier properties (TEWL) by tewametr at regular time intervals (1-26 h) after application of the prepared samples. RESULTS: The results indicate that the active substances incorporated in the emulsion moisturize the skin better compared to the same substances contained in the gel. Furthermore, it was found that these ingredients, whether they are present in the emulsion or in the gel, prevent TEWL in a similar manner. CONCLUSION: The study showed that differences exist among the tested active ingredients in their ability to moisturize the skin. These differences are dependent not only on the type and concentration of the active substance used but also on the type of vehicle in which they are applied. It was also found that the active substances influence the viscosity of the prepared formulations.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• emulze chemie   MeSH
• farmaceutická vehikula chemie   MeSH
• gely chemie   MeSH
• kožní absorpce účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• perspiratio insensibilis účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• pleťový krém aplikace a dávkování   chemie   MeSH
• příprava léků metody   MeSH
• tělesná voda metabolismus   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky kontrolované MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH