The aim of this normative study was to verify recognition and name agreement of 70 black and white line pictures on a large Czech population sample using an electronic form. The set of pictures was selected based on previous research showing preliminary evidence of high name agreement with one word only. The pictures were arrayed into an electronic form that was distributed via the internet and filled in by 6,055 participants across the whole country. The group for final evaluation comprised of 5,290 respondents (age range 11-90 years, average ± SD: 53 ± 15 years, 77% of women, years of completed education: range 8-28 years, 15 ± 3 years) from all regions. The average name agreement for all pictures was 98%. Name agreement in the majority of pictures was not influenced by gender, age, and education. The most useful 14 pictures are entirely independent of all sociodemographic factors and include table, scissors, bell, ski, crown, chimney, glasses, steering wheel, heart, chain, ladder, horseshoe, bone, and alarm clock. The presented set of pictures named by one word only can be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The pictures and the electronic form are freely available for replication in other languages at our website www.abadeco.cz.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektronika MeSH
• jazyk (prostředek komunikace) * MeSH
• jména * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• rozpoznávání (psychologie) MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) suffer from a wide range of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive deficits and impairment of emotional processing. The present study aimed to explore in PD patients compared to healthy adults the relationship between cognitive performance and emotional creativity (EC), defined as a set of cognitive abilities and personality traits related to originality and appropriateness of emotional experience. PD patients (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 40) underwent a complex neuropsychological assessment and were administrated with the self-reported Emotional Creativity Inventory (ECI) questionnaire. To explore the relationship between cognitive tests and the ECI, a regression analysis was conducted. PD patients and healthy controls differed significantly in the EC component Preparedness as well as in the neuropsychological test battery scores. PD patients showed lower scores in cognitive tests and a lower score in Preparedness compared to healthy adults. The output of the regression analysis showed that the extent to which the neuropsychological tests relate to the ECI components is low.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnóza   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc * komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are at higher risk for conversion to dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) seems to be impaired in the early stages of AD. The goal of the present study was to identify the discriminative potential of verbal fluency (VF) in patients with SCD to show if very early signs of cognitive decline may be detected in SCD. We examined 93 normal controls (NC) and 61 participants with SCD. Each participant was administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. All participants underwent tests of VF: phonemic verbal fluency (PVF), letters K and P and SVF (animals and vegetables categories). In addition to the total score, two 30-second intervals, and clustering and switching indices in SVF were evaluated. SCD generated fewer words in the total score and 30- to 60-second interval in vegetables category and they performed more switches in animals category. There was no significant difference between the SCD and the NC groups in all other VF measures. Quantitative measures of SVF (a decreased number of vegetables) as well as qualitative measures were detected in SCD group and could be considered as an early neuropsychological marker of subtle cognitive impairment.

• MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• poruchy řeči diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• sémantika * MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• verbální chování fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The present study describes a novel Forced-Choice Response (FCR) index for detecting poor effort on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). This retrospective study analyzes the performance of 4 groups on the new index: clinically referred patients with suspected dementia, forensic patients identified as not exhibiting adequate effort on other measures of response bias, students who simulated poor effort, and a large normative sample collected in the Gulf State of Oman. Using sensitivity and specificity analyses, the study shows that much like the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition FCR index, the RAVLT FCR index misses a proportion of individuals with inadequate effort (low sensitivity), but those who fail this measure are highly likely to be exhibiting poor effort (high specificity). The limitations and benefits of utilizing the RAVLT FCR index in clinical practice are discussed.

• MeSH
• akustická stimulace MeSH
• demence komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• poruchy učení diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rozpoznávání (psychologie) fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• soudní psychiatrie MeSH
• verbální učení fyziologie   MeSH
• výběrové chování fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The principal aim of our study was to present norms for old and very old Czech adults on the Czech version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and investigate the influence of social and demographic factors on MoCA performance. We analyzed 540 adults aged ≥ 60 years (5-year age categories; nationally representative sample in terms of sex and educational level), who met strict inclusion criteria for the absence of neurodegenerative disorders and performed within normal range in neuropsychological assessment. Using multiple regression model, we found that MoCA performance was affected by age and education (both p < .001) but not sex. The study provides normed percentile estimates for MoCA performance stratified by age (60-74 years; ≥ 75 years) and education lower versus higher. We also present percentile equivalents for the MoCA and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for use in clinical practice. We found age- and education-related effects on MoCA performance which support the use of culturally adapted normative data.

• MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení * MeSH
• kognice fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• referenční hodnoty MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí psychologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• záznam o duševním stavu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The purpose of this study was to assess the convergent and discriminative validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening tool for cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease (HD). Twenty HD patients with cognitive deficit and 23 normal controls (NC) without cognitive deficit were matched for age, sex, and education. The mean MoCA score was 20.5 (SD = 5.5) in HD and 27.5 (SD = 2.2) in NC. The MoCA correlated in both samples with the brief cognitive battery composite score (r = .81, p < .001). With the screening and diagnostic cutoff scores determined at <26 points, the MoCA showed a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 84% in the detection of cognitive dysfunction in HD. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (95% confidence interval) for the MoCA was 0.90 (0.809-0.997), p < .001. Our results show that the MoCA is a suitable tool for assessing cognitive dysfunction in patients with HD.

• MeSH
• afektivní symptomy diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Huntingtonova nemoc komplikace   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy diagnóza   etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy * MeSH
• pohybová aktivita MeSH
• psychometrie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• záznam o duševním stavu MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH