PURPOSE: Phytochemicals are naturally occurring plant-derived compounds and some of them have the potential to serve as anticancer drugs. Based on recent evidence, aberrantly regulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely associated with malignancy. MicroRNAs are characterized as small non-coding RNAs functioning as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Accordingly, miRNAs regulate various target genes, some of which are involved in the process of carcinogenesis. RESULTS: This comprehensive review emphasizes the anticancer potential of phytochemicals, either isolated or in combination, mediated by miRNAs. The ability to modulate the expression of miRNAs demonstrates their importance as regulators of tumorigenesis. Phytochemicals as anticancer agents targeting miRNAs are widely studied in preclinical in vitro and in vivo research. Unfortunately, their anticancer efficacy in targeting miRNAs is less investigated in clinical research. CONCLUSIONS: Significant anticancer properties of phytochemicals as regulators of miRNA expression have been proven, but more studies investigating their clinical relevance are needed.

• MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• karcinogeneze účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA biosyntéza   genetika   MeSH
• nádory farmakoterapie   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

PURPOSE: Cancer is a serious health issue and a leading cause of death worldwide. Most of the cancer patients (approximately 90%) do not die from the consequences of the primary tumor development, but due to a heavily treatable metastatic invasion. During the lengthy multistep process of carcinogenesis, there are a lot of opportunities available to reverse or slow down the tissue invasion or the process of tumor metastasis formation. RESULTS: Current research has brought many promising results from anti-metastatic experimental studies, and has shown that chemoprevention by natural or semisynthetic phytochemicals with plethora of biological activities could be one of the potentially effective options in the fight against this problem. However, there is a lack of clinical trials to confirm these findings. In this review, we focused on summarization and discussion of the general features of metastatic cancer, and recent preclinical and clinical studies dealing with anti-metastatic potential of various plant-derived compounds. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, we can conclude and confirm our hypothesis that phytochemicals with pleiotropic anticancer effects can be very useful in retarding and/or reversing the metastasis process, and can also be used to prevent tissue invasion and metastases. But, further studies in this area are certainly necessary and desirable.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• chemoprofylaxe MeSH
• chemorezistence účinky léků   MeSH
• epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice účinky léků   MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• fytonutrienty chemie   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• invazivní růst nádoru MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metastázy nádorů MeSH
• nádorové mikroprostředí MeSH
• nádory etiologie   metabolismus   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• preklinické hodnocení léčiv MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH