Onemocnění, která postihují méně než pět jedinců na 10 000 osob, jsou nazývána vzácná onemocnění. Diagnostika i péče u takových pacientů má svá specifika a úskalí. Orphanet je portál shromažďující informace o vzácných onemocněních s cílem prostřednictvím poskytování kvalitních informací zlepšit diagnostiku, léčbu a další péči o pacienty s těmito onemocněními. Zároveň v angličtině a dalších jazycích včetně češtiny udržuje nomenklaturu, v níž má každé onemocnění přidělený unikátní orphakód, který je možné používat pro kódování ve zdravotnických informačních systémech.

Diseases that affect fewer than five individuals per 10,000 people are called rare diseases. Diagnosis and care for such patients have their own specificities and challenges. Orphanet is a portal that gathers information about rare diseases, aiming to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and overall care for patients with these diseases by providing quality information. Additionally, it maintains a nomenclature in English and other languages, including Czech, where each disease is assigned a unique orphacode, which can be used for coding in healthcare information systems.

BACKGROUND: Estimates of rare disease (RD) population impact in terms of number of affected patients and accurate disease definition is hampered by their under-representation in current coding systems. This study tested the use of a specific RD codification system (ORPHAcodes) in five European countries/regions (Czech Republic, Malta, Romania, Spain, Veneto region-Italy) across different data sources over the period January 2019-September 2021. RESULTS: Overall, 3133 ORPHAcodes were used to describe RD diagnoses, mainly corresponding to the disease/subtype of disease aggregation level of the Orphanet classification (82.2%). More than half of the ORPHAcodes (53.6%) described diseases having a very low prevalence (< 1 case per million), and most commonly captured rare developmental defects during embryogenesis (31.3%) and rare neurological diseases (17.6%). ORPHAcodes described disease entities more precisely than corresponding ICD-10 codes in 83.4% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: ORPHAcodes were found to be a versatile resource for the coding of RD, able to assure easiness of use and inter-country comparability across population and hospital databases. Future research on the impact of ORPHAcoding as to the impact of numbers of RD patients with improved coding in health information systems is needed to inform on the real magnitude of this public health issue.

• MeSH
• databáze faktografické MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemocnice * MeSH
• vzácné nemoci * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Evropa MeSH

Objective To identify cross-border international registries for rare endocrine conditions that are led from Europe and to understand the extent of engagement with these registries within a network of reference centres (RCs) for rare endocrine conditions. Methods Database search of international registries and a survey of RCs in the European Reference Network for rare endocrine conditions (Endo-ERN) with an overall response rate of 82%. Results Of the 42 conditions with orphacodes currently covered within Endo-ERN, international registries exist for 32 (76%). Of 27 registries identified in the Orphanet and RD-Connect databases, Endo-ERN RCs were aware of 11 (41%). Of 21 registries identified by the RC, RD-Connect and Orphanet did not have a record of 10 (48%). Of the 29 glucose RCs, the awareness and participation rate in an international registry was highest for rare diabetes at 75 and 56% respectively. Of the 37 sex development RCs, the corresponding rates were highest for disorders of sex development at 70 and 52%. Of the 33 adrenal RCs, the rates were highest for adrenocortical tumours at 68 and 43%. Of the 43 pituitary RCs, the rates were highest for pituitary adenomas at 43 and 29%. Of the 31 genetic tumour RCs, the rates were highest for MEN1 at 26 and 9%. For the remaining conditions, awareness and participation in registries was less than 25%. Conclusion Although there is a need to develop new registries for rare endocrine conditions, there is a more immediate need to improve the awareness and participation in existing registries.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci endokrinního systému * MeSH
• registrace * MeSH
• vzácné nemoci * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH