Q127513739
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Vztahová obsedantně kompulzivní porucha (R-OCD) je subtyp obsedantně-kompulzivní poruchy (OCD), který se projevuje neustálými pochybnostmi a úzkostmi týkajícími se intimního vztahu. Myšlení lidí s R-OCD je zaujato vtíravými myšlenkami, jejichž obsahem jsou pochybnosti, zda pocity, které chovají k partnerovi, jsou správné, zda je partner miluje, zda je vztah vhodný nebo zda má partner nějaké nedostatky. Tyto myšlenky vyvolávají nutkání k provádění rituálů v podobě opakovaných kontrol, ujišťování nebo porovnávání. Rituály vedou ke snížení úzkosti a napětí. Toto chování však vede k narušení vztahu a dlouhodobému udržování úzkosti. Článek popisuje charakteristiky R-OCD a nabízí základní strategie kognitivně behaviorální terapie (KBT), která pomáhá pacientům změnit svůj vztah k obsedantním myšlenkám a snížit nutkavé chování.
Relationship obsessive compulsive disorder (R-OCD) is a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) that manifests in constant doubts and anxieties about an intimate relationship. People with R-OCD suffer from intrusive thoughts about whether they have the right feelings for their partner, whether their partner loves them, whether the relationship is suitable or whether their partner has any flaws. These thoughts trigger the urge to perform various rituals to alleviate anxiety, such as repeated checking, reassurance or comparison. However, this behaviour leads to disruption of the relationship and long-term maintenance of the anxiety. This paper described characteristics of R-OCD and offers basic cognitive-behavioural strategies that help the patients to change their attitude towards the obsessive thoughts and reduce compulsive behaviour.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obsedantně kompulzivní porucha * patologie psychologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Ethical reflection is a process that comes from the deeper attitudes and values of the therapist and supervisor. The capability to recognize one's perspectives and ethical dimensions and how they affect own practice is one of the crucial tasks of a responsible therapist. Attitudes and values of an individual or a group may significantly influence the therapeutic process and a choice of strategies and behaviour towards the patient, often working at an unconscious, unreflected levels. Ethics is closely connected with psychotherapeutic treatment. Basic principles, such as expediency, honesty, integrity, justice, and respect, apply to all people equally, including psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, and supervisors. The goal of supervision is to cultivate the therapeutic process in the client's best interest. The supervisor-supervisee relationship is then grounded on principles similar to those in the therapeutic relationship.
- MeSH
- Brassicaceae * MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The study worked with depressive symptoms, anxiety score and cognitive functions in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients treated with CPAP. METHODS: Eighty-one subjects with OSA and without psychiatric comorbidity were treated with CPAP for one year and completed the following scales and cognitive tests: Trail Making Test, Verbal Fluency Test, d2 Test, Beck Depression Inventory-II and Beck Anxiety Inventory. MINI ruled out psychiatric disorder. At the two months check-up, subjects were re-evaluated for depressive and anxiety symptoms, and after one year of CPAP treatment, subjects repeated cognitive tests and scales. Data about therapy adherence and effectiveness were obtained from the patient's CPAP machines. RESULTS: The study was completed by 59 CPAP adherent patients and eight non-adherent patients. CPAP therapy effectiveness was verified in all patients by decreasing the apnea-hypopnoea index below 5 and/or 10% of baseline values. The adherent patients significantly improved depressive and anxiety symptoms. There was also an improvement in overall performance in the attention test; however, performance in many individual items did not change. The adherent patients also improved verbal fluency and in the Part B of the Trail making test. The non-adherent group significantly increased the number of mistakes made in the d2 test; other results were non-significant. CONCLUSION: According to our results, OSA patients' mood, anxiety and certain cognitive domains improved during the one-year therapy with CPAP. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03866161.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The overarching importance of sleep was further emphasized during the pandemic of COVID-19. The subjects infected by COVID-19 frequently experience sleep disturbances; some are long-lasting problems and decrease the quality of life. Insomnia is the most studied sleep disorder associated with COVID-19. Insomnia affects patients who have experienced an infection and the general population. Good sleep is important in maintaining mental and physical health, including immune system functions. The interconnections between insomnia, the immune system, and COVID-19 are complex. Insomnia triggers numerous immune system dysregulations and makes individuals more vulnerable to respiratory infections. This narrative review overviews the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the immune system through sleep disorders.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients commonly suffer from nightmares. Still, the prevalence of this issue does not match the little clinical attention it usually receives. Nightmares impact sleep and daily functioning and may play a role in BPD symptomatology, including suicidality. Since BPD has been linked with high rates of suicide, the potential connection with suicidality is crucial to address. AIMS: To create an up-to-date review of current knowledge on nightmares in BPD and to explore the links between nightmares, insomnia, and suicidality or self-harm in BPD patients. METHOD: This narrative review was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to search for articles published between January 1990 and October 2022, using the following key terms: 'borderline personality disorder' and 'nightmares' or 'insomnia' and 'suicidality' or 'self-harm' or 'self-injuring'. The final list consisted of 99 publications. RESULTS: Sleep disturbances often occur in BPD patients. The prevalence of nightmares in BPD is higher than in general or clinical populations. Nightmares influence borderline personality traits and vice versa through emotional dysregulation, poorer sleep quality, nightmare anxiety, higher arousal, and worsened self-control. A link between nightmares and suicidal behaviour was established in some psychiatric conditions (depression, insomnia); studies on BPD are lacking in this area. Studies comparing nightmares in BPD to other disorders are also missing. There are some suggestions for pharmaceuticals or psychotherapy in treating nightmares, but their application to BPD needs more research. CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbance and nightmares are common among individuals with BPD yet underrepresented in research. Nightmares have been linked with suicidality in other conditions (depression, PTSD) but only indirectly in BPD. More clinical studies are needed to explore the phenomenon further.
