The aim of the present study is to develop new magnetic polymer microspheres with functional groups available for easy protein and antibody binding. Monodisperse macroporous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA-COOH) microspheres ~4 µm in diameter and containing ∼1 mmol COOH/g were synthesized by multistep swelling polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA), and 2-[(methoxycarbonyl)methoxy]ethyl methacrylate (MCMEMA), which was followed by MCMEMA hydrolysis. The microspheres were rendered magnetic by precipitation of iron oxide inside the pores, which made them easily separable in a magnetic field. Properties of the resulting magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (mgt.PHEMA) particles with COOH functionality were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), static volumetric adsorption of helium and nitrogen, mercury porosimetry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and elemental analysis. Mgt.PHEMA microspheres were coupled with p46/Myo1C protein purified from blood serum of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, which enabled easy isolation of monospecific anti-p46/Myo1C immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies from crude antibody preparations of mouse blood serum. High efficiency of this approach was confirmed by SDS/PAGE, Western blot, and dot blot analyses. The newly developed mgt.PHEMA microspheres conjugated with a potential disease biomarker, p46/Myo1C protein, are thus a promising tool for affinity purification of antibodies, which can improve diagnosis and treatment of MS patients.

• MeSH
• imobilizované proteiny chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• imunoglobulin G imunologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetismus metody   MeSH
• magnety chemie   MeSH
• mikrosféry MeSH
• myosin typu I chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• polyhydroxyethylmethakrylát chemie   MeSH
• protein - isoformy chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Severe facial injuries can compromise the upper airway by reducing airway volume, obstructing or obliterating the nasal passage, and interfering with oral airflow. Besides the significant impact on quality of life, upper airway impairments can have life-threatening or life-altering consequences. The authors evaluated improvements in functional airway after face transplantation. METHODS: Between 2009 and 2011, four patients underwent face transplantation at the authors' institution, the Brigham and Women's Hospital. Patients were examined preoperatively and postoperatively and their records reviewed for upper airway infections and sleeping disorders. The nasal mucosa was biopsied after face transplantation and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Volumetric imaging software was used to evaluate computed tomographic scans of the upper airway and assess airway volume changes before and after transplantation. RESULTS: Before transplantation, two patients presented an exposed naked nasal cavity and two suffered from occlusion of the nasal passage. Two patients required tracheostomy tubes and one had a prosthetic nose. Sleeping disorders were seen in three patients, and chronic cough was diagnosed in one. After transplantation, there was no significant improvement in sleeping disorders. The incidence of sinusitis increased because of mechanical interference of the donor septum and disappeared after surgical correction. All patients were decannulated after transplantation and were capable of nose breathing. Scanning electron micrographs of the respiratory mucosa revealed viable tissue capable of mucin production. Airway volume significantly increased in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Face transplantation successfully restored the upper airway in four patients. Unhindered nasal breathing, viable respiratory mucosa, and a significant increase in airway volume contributed to tracheostomy decannulation.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nosní sliznice patologie   MeSH
• obstrukce dýchacích cest etiologie   patologie   radiografie   MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• poranění obličeje komplikace   radiografie   chirurgie   MeSH
• transplantace obličeje * MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of milk and fluoridated milk on bacterially induced caries-like lesions. SAMPLE AND METHODS: Extracted impacted human molars were cut in half and covered with a varnish leaving a 4*4 mm window. The samples were coated with biofilm of S. sobrinus and were further divided into three experimental groups of S. sobrinus, S. sobrinus and milk and S. sobrinus and fluoridated milk. As negative controls served teeth incubated in saline. Of twenty tooth halves serial ground sections were cut through the lesions and investigated with polarization light microscopy (PLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX element analysis. The PLM photographs were used for 3D reconstruction, volumetric assessment and determination of the extension of the lesion zones. Of eight tooth halves the biofilm on the enamel surface was studied with SEM and EDX element analysis. RESULTS: Volumetric assessment showed a statistically significant difference in the volume of the body of the lesion and the translucent zone between the milk group and fluoridated milk group. Quantitative element analysis demonstrated significant differences between sound enamel and the superficial layer in the fluoridated milk group. The biofilm on the enamel surface showed an increased Ca content in the milk group and fluoridated milk group. CONCLUSIONS: Milk as a common nutrient seems to play a complex role in in-vitro biofilm--enamel interactions stimulating bacterial demineralization on one hand, and, as effective fluoride carrier, inhibits caries-like demineralization.

• MeSH
• biofilmy MeSH
• fluoridy farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mléko chemie   MeSH
• moláry MeSH
• remineralizace zubů MeSH
• Streptococcus sobrinus MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zubní kaz mikrobiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• zubní sklovina účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH