The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of seven days of feed restriction (between days 42 and 49) on the morphology of the small intestine in experimental rabbit models. Sixty weaned Hyplus rabbits (35 days old) were included in the experiment and split into three groups of 20 rabbits. The first control group (n=20) received feed ad libitum (ADL group), the second (R1) experimental group (n=20) was fed 50 g feed per rabbit per day and the third (R2) experimental group (n=20) received 65 g feed per rabbit per day. Duodenal samples were collected when the rabbits were aged 49, 56, 63 and 70 days. The mean villus height, crypt depth and small intestine length were measured. Significant interactions (P<0.001) between group and age were identified in the villi height and crypt depths. The maximum mean villus height was found in the R2 group in 56-day-old rabbits (643.14 μm), while the minimum was found in the ADL group in 49-day-old rabbits (460.29 μm). The longest (P<0.001) small intestine was measured in the R1 group in 63-day-old rabbits (347.60 cm), while the shortest was measured in the ADL group in 49-day-old rabbits (263.60 cm). The models show that villus height, crypt depth and the length of the small intestine change with the intensity of feed restriction and age.

• MeSH
• králíci * růst a vývoj   MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• omezení příjmu potravy * MeSH
• tenké střevo růst a vývoj   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci * růst a vývoj   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of flaxseed and lactobacilli supplementation to the diet of piglets during the time period between 10 days before and 21 days after weaning. The morphometry of the jejunal mucosa and proliferative ratio of both epithelial and lamina propria cells were compared with those found in a group of piglets fed with the usual diet added with sunflower oil during the same time period. The addition of flaxseed oil to the diet significantly increased the crypt depth in comparison with both groups supplemented with sunflower (P < 0.05 and 0.001 respectively) on the weaning day. Moreover, the flaxseed addition caused a significant decrease in villus height (P < 0.01) and crypt depth (P < 0.01) 21 days postweaning in comparison with the sunflower group. The proliferative ratio of the epithelial cells in the sunflower group on the weaning day was significantly higher than in both flaxseed groups (P < 0.01). Paradoxically, significantly higher proliferative activity in the mucosal connective tissue in the group with flaxseed supplementation in comparison with the sunflower group was observed on the day of weaning, as well as 3 days later (P < 0.05 both). A combination of flaxseed with lactobacilli showed significantly lower proliferative activity in the connective tissue cells from weaning up to 7 days after weaning (P < 0.05 all) in comparison with the flaxseed group.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• fyziologie výživy zvířat MeSH
• jejunum účinky léků   růst a vývoj   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata * MeSH
• Lactobacillus fyziologie   MeSH
• lněný olej aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• odstavení MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• střevní sliznice účinky léků   růst a vývoj   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Zearalenone (ZEA) as an estrogen-like mycotoxin can cause the inflammatory injury of the cecum. How to reduce the harm that ZEA causes to humans and animals is a current concern for researchers. In this study, we aimed to ascertain whether Bacillus velezensis A2 (A2) could alleviate injury caused by ZEA by regulating the intestinal flora and the content of short chain fatty acids in the cecum among mice. Our results showed that Bacillus velezensis A2 improved the fold height, myometrial thickness, and crypt depth of the cecum induced by ZEA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting results showed that A2 could decrease the ZEA-induced increase in expression levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and FC. Studies also showed that A2 increased the content of SCFA in the cecum which was decreased by ZEA. The microbial communities in the cecum were changed when given ZEA or A2. A2 was found to greatly reduce the ZEN-induced increase in the relative abundance of p_Actinobacteria, p_Protebacteria, o_Coriobacteriales, g_Anaerotruncus, g_Pseudoflavonifractor, g_Lachnoclostridium, g_Enterorhabdus, and f_Oscillospiraceae, and increase the ZEN-induced decrease in the relative abundance of f_Coriobacteriales. Results indicated that Bacillus velezensis A2 can largely ameliorate the intestinal inflammatory injury induced by ZEA in mice by regulating the microflora and short chain fatty acids content.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The objective of this work was to compare the effect of selected feed mixtures on the duodenal morphology. One-hundred-four rats of the Wistar strain were divided to thirteen groups per eight rats. The experiment started in 35-day-old rats after birth and lasted for 32 days. The groups (A-M) were fed by commercial diet, 85 % wheat and 15 % oat diet, 85 % wheat and 15 % triticale, 85 % wheat and 15 % barley, 85 % wheat and 15 % amaranth, 85 % wheat and 15 % lantern, 85 % wheat and 15 % buckwheat, 100 % wheat, 100 % white lupine, 100 % flock peas - variety Garden, 100 % native peas - variety Garden, 100 % native peas - variety Zekon or 100 % extruded peas - variety Zekon diet, respectively. Samples from the duodenum were taken. The height of the villi and the depth of the crypts were measured. The tallest villi were measured in group F (474.33+/-114.36 microm) and the shortest villi were observed in group B (294.08+/-88.52 microm). The deepest crypts were measured in group K (166.41+/-35.69 microm) and the shallowest crypts were observed in group E (77.85+/-17.61 microm). The work documents that gluten-free and classical cereals combination can be a better choice for people who want to limit the gluten content of the diet.

• MeSH
• bezlepková dieta metody   MeSH
• duodenum cytologie   patologie   MeSH
• hrách setý * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• jedlá semena * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• střevní sliznice cytologie   patologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Aim: The objective of this work was to test the effects of adding dried Chicory root and White lupine food on small bowel morphology and compare it to a standard commercial diet. Background: Various commercial gluten-free products, gluten-free raw materials and gluten-free plants are this time available on the food market, but there are still not enough information about their effect on the small bowel morphology. Methods: Altogether thirty rabbits were used in this study. The control diet (C) contained common feed components. The first experimental diet (E1) contained (per kg) 60 g of dried chicory roots instead of barley, whereas the second experimental diet (E2) was based on white lupine seeds (cv. Amiga; 120 g per kg diet) instead of the soybean meal used in the control diet. The experiment started when the rabbits were 34-days old and lasted until they were 55-days old. At the end, one jejunal small bowel tissue was sampled, and both the heights and depths of the villi and crypts were measured. Results: The highest villi were measured in the E1 (598.99 µm) group, mean in the C (590.30 µm) group and the lowest were in the E2 (563.74 µm) group. The most intense mucin villous positivity was observed in the E2 group, followed by the E1 group, and the weakest positivity was found in the visible C group. Conclusion: Chicory root has practical uses in gluten-free industries.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH