Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with lower cortical thickness (CT) in prefrontal, cingulate, and insular cortices in diverse trauma-affected samples. However, some studies have failed to detect differences between PTSD patients and healthy controls or reported that PTSD is associated with greater CT. Using data-driven dimensionality reduction, we sought to conduct a well-powered study to identify vulnerable networks without regard to neuroanatomic boundaries. Moreover, this approach enabled us to avoid the excessive burden of multiple comparison correction that plagues vertex-wise methods. We derived structural covariance networks (SCNs) by applying non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to CT data from 961 PTSD patients and 1124 trauma-exposed controls without PTSD. We used regression analyses to investigate associations between CT within SCNs and PTSD diagnosis (with and without accounting for the potential confounding effect of trauma type) and symptom severity in the full sample. We performed additional regression analyses in subsets of the data to examine associations between SCNs and comorbid depression, childhood trauma severity, and alcohol abuse. NMF identified 20 unbiased SCNs, which aligned closely with functionally defined brain networks. PTSD diagnosis was most strongly associated with diminished CT in SCNs that encompassed the bilateral superior frontal cortex, motor cortex, insular cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, medial occipital cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex. CT in these networks was significantly negatively correlated with PTSD symptom severity. Collectively, these findings suggest that PTSD diagnosis is associated with widespread reductions in CT, particularly within prefrontal regulatory regions and broader emotion and sensory processing cortical regions.
- MeSH
- emoce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- mozek MeSH
- posttraumatická stresová porucha * psychologie MeSH
- prefrontální mozková kůra MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
ALSUntangled reviews alternative and off-label treatments for people living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PALS). Here we review insulin, which has at least one plausible mechanism for slowing ALS progression. However, pre-clinical studies are limited and there have been no trials in PALS yet. Insulin use in patients without a metabolic need may cause very serious and potentially lethal side effects. While further studies to evaluate potential benefits may be warranted, at this time we cannot endorse insulin treatment to slow ALS progression.
- MeSH
- amyotrofická laterální skleróza * farmakoterapie MeSH
- inzulin škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- játra fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci trávicího systému MeSH
- pankreas fyziologie MeSH
- trávení * fyziologie MeSH
- zdraví MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- zdánlivý pohyb,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oči MeSH
- péče o sebe * metody MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- pohyby očí MeSH
- relaxační terapie metody MeSH
- zrak * MeSH
- zraková percepce MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- populární práce MeSH
