BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Gastric restriction techniques have recently emerged as minimally invasive bariatric procedures. Endoscopic sutured gastroplasty (ESG) with the Endomina (Endo Tools Therapeutics, Gosselies, Belgium) triangulation platform proved to be safe and effective for the treatment of class I and II obesity in prospective studies. In this registry, we aimed to further assess on a larger scale the safety and efficacy of the procedure in routine practice with a dedicated device. METHODS: This was a multicenter, observational, prospective post-market study including patients with obesity undergoing Endomina ESG. The primary safety outcome was the occurrence of serious adverse device effects (SADEs) at 12 months. The primary efficacy outcome was the technical success defined by completing the procedure without premature abortion owing to technical issues. The rates of procedure-related adverse events, weight loss outcomes, and quality of life changes were collected. RESULTS: A total of 142 patients underwent ESG in 3 centers from July 2020 to March 2023. Of these, 67 (mean body mass index, 38.5 ± 6.3 kg/m2) reached at least 12 months of follow-up up to October 2022. Technical success was 100%. No SADEs occurred. Seven mild procedure-related adverse events were reported overall. Mean percentage of excess weight loss and total body weight loss at 12 months' follow-up were 48.5% ± 38.6 and 15.3% ± 10.6, respectively (n = 67). Improved quality of life was observed following ESG. CONCLUSIONS: ESG is safe and effective, thus offering a satisfactory therapeutic option for a wide range of obese patients on a large scale.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gastroplastika * metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- gastroskopie metody MeSH
- hmotnostní úbytek MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- morbidní obezita chirurgie MeSH
- obezita chirurgie komplikace MeSH
- pooperační komplikace MeSH
- postmarketingový dozor * MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
The global rise in obesity has emerged as a significant health concern, amplifying susceptibility to various diseases, including asthma. Epidemiological evidence demonstrates a higher prevalence of asthma among obese individuals, with obesity exacerbating asthma severity and control. This review aims to explore the interplay between asthma and obesity assessed by objective imaging methods and discusses the consistency between anthropometric and imaging methods. A literature search was conducted with the main keywords "asthma", "obesity", and "imaging techniques" using databases such as PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus for the relevant articles published up to January 2024. The consistency between Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and results from imaging techniques is uncertain. Unlike anthropometric methods, imaging methods provide us with the exact location of adipose tissue as well as fat and lean mass distinction, which can be further correlated with different airway parameters and respiratory system functions and dysfunctions. Studies indicate that the relationship between lung functions and obesity is more complex in females. Abdominal visceral fat is supposed to be the major asthma predictor already in the pediatric population. The connection between obesity and asthma is already evident in children and adolescents. Imaging methods can measure visceral and subcutaneous fat mass and both contribute to the association between obesity and lung functions. These methods are more accurate and reproducible but require more time and expertise. Key words Asthma, Obesity, Magnetic resonance imaging, Dual-energy, X-ray absorptiometry, Bioimpedance analysis.
Studie SELECT a SOUL hodnotily účinnost semaglutidu v prevenci kardiovaskulárních komplikací u pacientů s nadváhou (preobezitou), obezitou a diabetem 2. typu. SELECT potvrdila, že týdenní podávání subkutánního semaglutidu snižuje kardiovaskulární riziko u pacientů s nadváhou bez diabetu, přičemž vedlo k úbytku tělesné hmotnosti, snížení krevního tlaku a zánětlivých markerů. Studie SOUL zkoumala účinky perorálního semaglutidu u pacientů s diabetem 2. typu s aterosklerotickým kardiovaskulárním onemocněním nebo chronickým onemocněním ledvin a ukázala 14% snížení mortality z kardiovaskulárních příčin, infarktu myokardu a cévní mozkové příhody oproti placebu. Výsledky potvrzují, že semaglutid představuje významný přínos v kardiovaskulární prevenci.
The SELECT and SOUL studies evaluated the effectiveness of semaglutide in the prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with overweight, obesity and type 2 diabetes. SELECT study confirmed that weekly subcutaneous semaglutide reduced cardiovascular risk in overweight/preobesity non-diabetic patients, leading to weight loss, reductions in blood pressure and inflammatory markers. SOUL study investigated the effects of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes with ACS or CKD and showed a 14% reduction in cardiovascular mortality, heart attack and stroke compared to placebo. The results confirm that semaglutide represents a significant benefit in cardiovascular prevention.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * farmakoterapie komplikace mortalita prevence a kontrola MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- receptor pro glukagonu podobný peptid 1 * agonisté aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
Miera obezity sa z roka na rok alarmujúco zvyšuje. Je veľmi dobre známe, že (pre)obezita jednak zhoršuje tradičné kardiovaskulárne (KV) rizikové faktory, ale je tiež aj nezávislým KV-rizikovým faktorom, čo následne nepriamo zvyšuje KV-riziko. Mechanizmy, ktoré vedú k rozvoju kardiovaskulárnych ochorení (KVO), sú mnohopočetné a nie úplne pochopené. Dôkazy však spájajú obezitu a chronický subklinický zápal, ktorý uľahčuje rozvoj aterosklerózou podmieneného kardiovaskulárneho ochorenia (ASKVO). Morbiditu a mortalitu na KVO (pre)obezita zvyšuje prostredníctvom priamych a nepriamych mechanizmov. Naopak, redukcia telesnej hmotnosti (TH) je spojená s významnými zdravotnými benefitmi a v súčasnosti máme dôkazy, že výraznejší úbytok TH vedie k výraznejším (nielen) kardiometabolickým benefitom. Manažment jedincov s (pre)obezitou sa v súčasnosti veľmi rýchlo mení vďaka novinkám prichádzajúcim do klinickej praxe. Pokiaľ chceme zlepšiť KV-morbiditu a KV- mortalitu u pacientov s (pre)obezitou, musíme si uvedomiť, že intervencia musí byť včasná, razantná a dlhodobá. Našim cieľom je dosiahnuť nielen bezpečnú, efektívnu a udržateľnú redukciu TH, ktorá bude viesť k zníženiu prevalencie komorbidít súvisiach s obezitou, ale najmä k poklesu KV-morbidity a KV-mortality.
Obesity rates are increasing alarmingly year by year. It is well known that (pre)obesity exacerbates traditional cardiovascular risk factors and is also an independent cardiovascular risk factor, which in turn indirectly increases cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms that lead to the development of cardiovascular disease are multiple and not fully understood. However, evidence links obesity and chronic subclinical inflammation, which facilitates the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (Pre)obesity increases morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease through direct and indirect mechanisms. Conversely, weight reduction is associated with significant health benefits and we now have evidence that more significant weight loss leads to more significant (not only) cardiometabolic benefits. The management of individuals with (pre)obesity is currently changing very rapidly due to new pharmacotherapies coming into clinical practice. If we want to improve cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with (pre)obesity, we have to realize that the intervention must be early, vigorous and long-term. Our goal is to achieve not only safe, effective and sustainable weight reduction, which will lead to a decrease in the prevalence of obesity related comorbidities, but especially to a decrease in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
- MeSH
- hmotnostní úbytek účinky léků MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * komplikace mortalita patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- liraglutid aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- obezita * farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
- žaludeční inhibiční polypeptid terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Obezita není novým fenoménem, nicméně epidemie obezity v posledních několika desetiletích, s další akcelerací v době covidu 19, je způsobena nejen genetickými faktory, ale i životním stylem a prostředím (výživa, tělesná aktivita, perinatální programování). Obezita zpravidla vede k inzulinové rezistenci, kdy buňky nedokážou dostatečně reagovat na působení inzulinu, což vede k jeho nadprodukci, k hyperinzulinemii. Zvýšená hladina inzulinu stimuluje vaječníky k nadměrné produkci androgenů a androgeny mohou dále zhoršovat inzulinovou rezistenci a zvyšovat hladinu inzulinu v krvi. Tak vzniká bludný kruh, kdy hyperinzulinemie a hyperandrogenismus se navzájem posilují. Mezi typické další zdravotní komplikace patří diabetes, hypertenze, hyperlipidemie a metabolický syndrom.
Obesity is not a new phenomenon, however the obesity epidemic in the last few decades - with further acceleration in the time of Covid 19 - is caused not only by genetic factors, but also by lifestyle and environment (nutrition, physical activity, perinatal programming). Obesity usually leads to insulin resistance, when cells cannot respond sufficiently to the action of insulin, which leads to its overproduction, to hyperinsulinemia. Increased insulin levels stimulate the ovaries to overproduce androgens, and androgens can further worsen insulin resistance and increase blood insulin levels. This creates a vicious circle where hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism reinforce each other. Typical other medical complications include diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. In adolescent girls, obesity can also cause an earlier onset of puberty and menarche. The consequence of hyperandrogenism is irregular bleeding or missing menses, as well as polycystic ovary syndrome and a higher incidence of dysmenorrhoea and premenstrual syndrome.
- Klíčová slova
- osa hypotalamus - hypofýza - ovarium,
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hyperandrogenismus * etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- menstruační poruchy * etiologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- obezita dětí a dospívajících * komplikace MeSH
- obezita komplikace MeSH
- silné menstruační krvácení etiologie MeSH
- syndrom polycystických ovarií * diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity are generally known to have increased risk of various types of cancer, though studies addressing associations between T2DM/obesity and thyroid cancer are inconclusive. The aim of our study was to evaluate the risk of thyroid cancer focusing on diabetic patients under conditions of euthyroid status. A retrospective study in 184 patients was performed. Three cohorts were established according to tumor histology: malignant (M), benign (B) and low-risk carcinoma (MB). Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA of ranks were used for statistical analysis. The M (39.1 %), B (57.6 %) and MB (3.3 %) cohorts had comparable age (p=0.4), BMI (p=0.452), glycaemia (p=0.834), Hb1AC (p=0.157) and HOMA-IR (p=0.235). T2DM patients had larger thyroid gland volumes (28.8 vs 17.6 mL;p=0.001) compared to the cohort with normal glucose tolerance. Compared to women, men had more frequently present distal metastases (p=0.017), minimally invasive disease (p=0.027), more advanced staging (p=0.01) and positive pathogenic mutations in the TERT gene (p=0.009);these results were also significant for the diabetic male cohort (p=0.026). Type 2 diabetes and obesity are not risk factors for thyroid cancer, but a subgroup of males seems to have thyroid cancers of poorer prognosis. In general, diabetic patients with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are also prone to have a goiter. KEY WORDS: Thyroid cancer, Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Thyroid nodule, Insulin resistance.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * epidemiologie komplikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * epidemiologie patologie MeSH
- obezita * komplikace epidemiologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) envelops the majority of systemic vessels, providing crucial mechanical support and vessel protection. In physiological conditions, PVAT releases various bioactive molecules, contributing to the anti-inflammatory environment around neighboring vessels. However, in conditions like obesity, PVAT can exacerbate cardiovascular issues such as atherosclerosis. Communication between PVAT and nearby vessels is bidirectional, with PVAT responding dynamically to signals from the vasculature. This responsiveness positions PVAT as a promising indicator of vascular inflammation. Recently, the role of PVAT in the CVD risk prediction is also greatly discussed. The objective of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the PVAT function, its role in physiologic and pathophysiologic processes and its potential in CVD risk prediction. Keywords: Perivascular adipose tissue, inflammation, atherogenesis, Fat attenuation index.
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza * metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita metabolismus patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- tuková tkáň * metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- zánět * metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Obesity is considered an important factor contributing to the development of atherosclerosis. Inflammation plays a key role in endothelial dysfunction (ED), an initial stage of the atherosclerotic process. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) may play an important role in the inflammatory process, but there is a lack of information about their participation in the early stages of atherosclerosis development in patients with obesity. We aimed to assess the relations between plasma concentration of selected miRNAs, ED evaluated by reactive hyperemia index (RHI), inflammatory markers and other factors involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in adolescents and young adults with obesity. Participants (30 males, 30 females; aged 15 25 years) were divided into two groups: those with overweight/obesity (OW/O) (20 males, 20 females) and controls (C) (10 males, 10 females). The plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers, cytokines, adipocytokines, markers of lipid profile and glucose metabolism and selected miRNAs (miR 92, 126, -146a, -155) were analyzed. No significant differences in any of the miRNAs were found between the groups. MiR-146a correlated positively with RHI. Dividing the group by sex showed more significant associations between miRNA and analyzed parameters (IL-6, fasting glycemia) in men. Several observed correlations indicate a potential role of miRNAs in inflammation, the atherosclerotic process and glycemic control, primarily in male subjects with obesity. The relatively low number of observed associations between assessed parameters related to obesity and the pathogenesis of its complications could be attributed to the early stage of the atherosclerotic process in young subjects with obesity, where only subtle abnormalities are expectedly found. Key words Endothelial dysfunction, Atherosclerosis, Obesity, MicroRNA, Reactive hyperemia index.
- MeSH
- ateroskleróza * krev genetika MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- cirkulující mikroRNA * krev genetika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obezita * krev komplikace genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Obesity in older adults is linked to various chronic conditions and decreased quality of life. Traditional physical activity guidelines often overlook the specific postures and movements that older adults engage in daily. This study aims to explore the compositional associations between posture-specific behaviours and obesity risk in younger (M = 67.35 ± 2.03 years) and older (M = 75.73 ± 4.17 years) groups of older adults and investigate the differences in body mass index (BMI) associated with replacing time spent in lying, sitting and standing with moving or walking. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 309 older adults aged 65 and above from Czech Republic. Participants' movement behaviours, including lying, sitting, standing, moving, and walking, were measured using accelerometers. The data were analysed using compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution models to assess the impact of reallocating time between different activities on self-reported (BMI). RESULTS: The younger group engaged in more overall movement (193.84 min/day vs. 172.41 min/day) and walking (92.15 min/day vs. 76.62 min/day) than the older group. Significant estimated increases in BMI were associated with reallocating 30 min from movement to lying, sitting, or standing (up to + 3.31 kg/m2), while reallocating the same amount of time from lying, sitting, or standing to movement was associated with estimated reductions in BMI (up to - 2.54 kg/m2). In the older group, reallocating time from slow walking to lying or sitting was associated with estimated increases in BMI (up to + 1.86 kg/m2), while increasing time spent slow walking at the expense of lying or sitting theoretically reduced BMI (up to - 0.95 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that promoting movement and walking, including both slow and fast walking, may play a role in managing obesity risk in older adults. This study highlights the potential benefits of reducing sedentary time and encouraging low-intensity physical activity tailored to the capabilities of seniors, especially those aged 70+, as a possible strategy to mitigate obesity risk. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore causal relationships.
- MeSH
- akcelerometrie metody MeSH
- chůze * fyziologie MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita * epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- postura těla fyziologie MeSH
- pozice sedu * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stoj * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
