BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency associates with the risk of developing many diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, vitamin D appears to have an antineoplastic effect. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer pathogenesis remains unelucidated and numerous studies have resulted in discordant results. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency during melanoma diagnosis increases the risk of developing non-cutaneous second primary cancers (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study on 663 patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2022. The effect of each variable on the development of a subsequent non-cutaneous cancer was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and differences were assessed by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard univariate and multivariate models were used to quantify the effect of each variable in the time to develop a non-cutaneous neoplasia. RESULTS: Out of 663 patients, 34 developed a non-cutaneous SPC. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D levels and non-cutaneous SPC development (log-rank, p=0.761). Age>60 years, stage III/IV, and nodular melanoma subtype were significantly associated with the development of a SPC. After multivariate analysis, only age>60 years (HR 3.4; HR CI 95%: 1.5-7.6) and nodular melanoma subtype (HR 2.2; HR CI 95%: 1.0-4.8) were included in the final model. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of developing non-cutaneous SPC in melanoma patients. However, age over 60 years and nodular melanoma subtype increase the risk for non-cutaneous SPC development.
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom * epidemiologie etiologie diagnóza MeSH
- nádory kůže * etiologie komplikace MeSH
- nedostatek vitaminu D * komplikace epidemiologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- sekundární malignity * epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- vitamin D škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency associates with the risk of developing many diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, vitamin D appears to have an antineoplastic effect. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer pathogenesis remains unelucidated and numerous studies have resulted in discordant results. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency during melanoma diagnosis increases the risk of developing non-cutaneous second primary cancers (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study on 663 patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2022. The effect of each variable on the development of a subsequent non-cutaneous cancer was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and differences were assessed by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard univariate and multivariate models were used to quantify the effect of each variable in the time to develop a non-cutaneous neoplasia. RESULTS: Out of 663 patients, 34 developed a non-cutaneous SPC. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D levels and non-cutaneous SPC development (log-rank, p=0.761). Age>60 years, stage III/IV, and nodular melanoma subtype were significantly associated with the development of a SPC. After multivariate analysis, only age>60 years (HR 3.4; HR CI 95%: 1.5-7.6) and nodular melanoma subtype (HR 2.2; HR CI 95%: 1.0-4.8) were included in the final model. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of developing non-cutaneous SPC in melanoma patients. However, age over 60 years and nodular melanoma subtype increase the risk for non-cutaneous SPC development.
- MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom * epidemiologie etiologie diagnóza MeSH
- nádory kůže * etiologie komplikace MeSH
- nedostatek vitaminu D * komplikace epidemiologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- sekundární malignity * epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- vitamin D škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
Cancers of the skin are the most commonly occurring cancers in humans. In fair-skinned populations, up to 95% of keratinocyte skin cancers and 70-95% of cutaneous melanomas are caused by ultraviolet radiation and are thus theoretically preventable. Currently, however, there is no comprehensive global advice on practical steps to be taken to reduce the toll of skin cancer. To address this gap, an expert working group comprising clinicians and researchers from Africa, America, Asia, Australia, and Europe, together with learned societies (European Association of Dermato-Oncology, Euromelanoma, Euroskin, European Union of Medical Specialists, and the Melanoma World Society) reviewed the extant evidence and issued the following evidence-based recommendations for photoprotection as a strategy to prevent skin cancer. Fair skinned people, especially children, should minimise their exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and are advised to use protective measures when the UV index is forecast to reach 3 or higher. Protective measures include a combination of seeking shade, physical protection (e.g. clothing, hat, sunglasses), and applying broad-spectrum, SPF 30 + sunscreens to uncovered skin. Intentional exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation for the purpose of sunbathing and tanning is considered an unhealthy behaviour and should be avoided. Similarly, use of solaria and other artificial sources of ultraviolet radiation to encourage tanning should be strongly discouraged, through regulation if necessary. Primary prevention of skin cancer has a positive return on investment. We encourage policymakers to communicate these messages to the general public and promote their wider implementation.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom prevence a kontrola etiologie epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory kůže * prevence a kontrola etiologie epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory vyvolané zářením prevence a kontrola etiologie epidemiologie MeSH
- pigmentace kůže účinky záření MeSH
- přípravky chránící proti slunci terapeutické užití MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- ultrafialové záření * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
This is an overview of current problematics regarding the role of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in malignant melanomas. Various and often conflicting data have been published, correlating tumor type, stage, prognosis, as well as sex and age of patients. This is partly due to heterogeneity in scaling systems and unstandardized TILs grading but also due to changes of tumor-host interactions. Melanomas are an immunologically heterogeneous group with variability of TILs, where distinct gene expression patterns were found in tumors with absent, and/or non- brisk TIL grade versus brisk TIL grade. However, the presence of TILs alone appears to be inadequate for implicating them as immunologically functional. Further characterisation of TIL phenotype and function is warranted. This especially concerns, evaluation of TILs of the suppressor phenotype but rather than as a prognostic factor, more for prediction of targeted immunotherapy.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom etiologie patologie MeSH
- nádory kůže etiologie patologie MeSH
- tumor infiltrující lymfocyty fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Východiska: Předchozí studie ukázaly souvislost mezi polymorfizmem XPG rs17655G>C a XPF rs1799801T>C a rizikem maligního melanomu kůže (cutaneous malignant melanoma – CMM). Jejich výsledky jsou ale nekonzistentní nebo dokonce protichůdné. Cílem této metaanalýzy bylo tedy vyhodnotit souvislost polymorfizmu XPG rs17655G> C a XPF rs1799801T> C s rizikem CMM. Metody: Do 15. října 2019 bylo provedeno komplexní vyhledávání literatury v databázích PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO a CNKI s cílem identifikovat relevantní studie. Kromě toho byla provedena studie případů a kontrol s cílem vyhodnotit souvislost XPF rs1799801T> C s rizikem CMM v íránské populaci. Pro odhad síly souvislostí byly použity hodnoty odds ratio (OR) a 95% intervalu spolehlivosti (CI). Výsledky: Bylo vybráno celkem 12 studií, a to 9 studií zabývajících se XPG rs17655G> C s 5 362 případy a 7 195 kontrolami a 3 studie zabývající se XPF rs1799801T> C s 803 CMM případy a 737 kontrolami. Souhrnné údaje svědčily o tom, že v modelu heterozygotů byl polymorfizmus XPF rs1799801T> C významně spojen se zvýšeným rizikem CMM (CT vs. TT: OR = 1,313, 95% CI 1,062–1 624; p = 0,012). Nicméně v celkové populaci a ve skupinách podle etnické příslušnosti nebyl polymorfizmus XPG rs17655G> C významně spojen s rizikem CMM. Analýza podskupin ukázala významnou asociaci mezi polymorfizmem XPG rs17655G> C a CMM ve skupině studií, ve kterých byla použita metoda PCR-RFLP. Závěr: Tato metaanalýza odhalila, že polymorfizmus XPFrs1799801T>C může být rizikovým faktorem pro rozvoj CMM. Nekonzistence našich souhrnných údajů s předchozími metaanalýzami svědčila o tom, že polymorfizmus XPG rs17655G> C není spojen s rizikem CMM.
Background: Previous studies have evaluated associations of XPG rs17655G>C and XPF rs1799801T>C polymorphisms with a risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). However, their results thus remained inconsistent or even contradictory. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate association of XPG rs17655G>C and XPF rs1799801T>C polymorphism with a risk of CMM. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO and CNKI databases up to October 15, 2019 to identify relevant studies. Moreover, a case-control study was conducted to evaluate association of XPF rs1799801T>C with CMM risk in the Iranian population. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) values were used to estimate the strength of the associations. Results: Total of 12 studies including 9 studies with 5,362 cases and 7,195 controls on XPG rs17655G>C and 3 studies with 803 CMM cases and 737 controls on XPF rs1799801T>C were selected. Pooled data revealed that XPF rs1799801T>C polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of CMM under the heterozygote model (CT vs. TT: OR = 1.313; 95% CI 1.062–1.624; P = 0.012). However, XPG rs17655G>C polymorphism was not significantly associated with the risk of CMM in the overall population and by ethnicity. The subgroup analysis showed a significant association between XPG rs17655G>C polymorphism and CMM in polymerase chain reactionbased restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) group of studies. Conclusion: This meta-analysis result revealed that XPF rs1799801T>C polymorphism may be a risk factor for developing of CMM. However, our pooled data inconsistence with the previous meta-analyses revealed that XPG rs17655G>C polymorphism was not associated with the risk of CMM.
- MeSH
- alopecie farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom etiologie MeSH
- mezoterapie * MeSH
- nádory kůže etiologie MeSH
- skalp patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer causing most of the skin cancer-related deaths. The incidence of melanoma has risen so dramatically over past few years that no other solid or blood malignancy comes close to it in terms of increased incidence. The main problem associated with the treatment of melanoma is low response rate to the existing treatment modalities, which in turn is due to the incomplete response by chemotherapeutic agents and inherent resistance of melanoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional therapeutic strategies, as well as, recent literature on melanoma have been thoroughly studied. This review summarizes the base of anti-melanoma treatment with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, followed by an account of recent studies which explored the potential of nanotechnology and newer strategies and agents in melanoma treatment. CONCLUSION: Although melanoma is curable if detected in its early localized form, metastatic melanoma continues to be a therapeutic challenge. Metastatic melanoma has a very poor prognosis and conventional therapies have not improved the outcomes of the treatment so far. For this reason, newer combinations of anti-melanoma drugs and newer strategies utilizing nanotechnology have been constantly explored.
- MeSH
- kombinovaná terapie škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- management nemoci MeSH
- melanom diagnóza etiologie mortalita terapie MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery MeSH
- nanomedicína metody MeSH
- nanotechnologie metody MeSH
- objevování léků MeSH
- standardní péče MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Malígny melanóm je agresívne ochorenie s vysokým potenciálom metastazovania do ktoréhokoľvej orgánu, vrátane srdca. Prezentujeme prípad pacienta, u ktorého sa po 16 rokoch od extirpácie kožného melanómu manifestovala srdcovým zlyhaním generalizácia ochorenia do srdca. Diagnóza bola stanovená po smrti. Štúdie nekroptických materiálov ukazujú, že malígny melanóm metastazuje do srdca asi v 50–64 % prípadov, diagnóza je vzhľadom na chýbanie špecifických klinických príznakov a limitovanú výťažnosť zobrazovacích metód zväčša stanovená po smrti. Preto u všetkých pacientov s anamnézou malígneho melanónu je potrebné pri akýchkoľvek kardiálnych príznakoch na možnosť generalizácie ochorenia do srdca myslieť.
The malignant melanoma is an aggressive disease with a high potential of spreading metastases to any organ, heart included. We are presenting a patient, by whom a generalisation of the heart disease was manifested by a heart failure sixteen years after extirpation of malignant melanoma. The diagnose was made after patient´s death. Studies of necroptic material show that malignant melanoma creates metastases to heart in 50–64% of the cases. However, because of the default of specific clinical cases and the limited possibilities of using imaging techniques the diagnose is mostly declared after the death of the patient. That is why it is necessary in patients with history taking of malignant melanoma to think about tumour generalisation by every cardiac symptom.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve MeSH
- dialýza MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- diuretika MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- furosemid aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- jaterní cirhóza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom * etiologie terapie MeSH
- metastázy nádorů * MeSH
- nádory prostaty MeSH
- nádory sleziny sekundární MeSH
- nádory srdce sekundární MeSH
- otitida MeSH
- pitva MeSH
- renální insuficience MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- silymarin aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- spironolakton aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- splenomegalie MeSH
- srdeční selhání diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
