OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between childhood adversity and late-life cognitive outcomes among older Puerto Rican adults. METHODS: Data were from the PREHCO study, a population-based cohort of 3,713 older Puerto Rican adults (mean age 72.5 years; 60% female). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were categorised into four factors: economic hardship, parental illiteracy, childhood illness, and neighbourhood disadvantage. Cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental Cabán (MMC). For our analyses, cognitive impairment was defined as scoring 1.5 SD below expected score, adjusted for age, sex, education, and reading ability. Ordinal logistic regression (baseline) and generalised linear mixed models (all three waves) analysed MMC scores; generalised estimating equations assessed incident cognitive impairment (waves 2 and 3). RESULTS: All four adversity factors were associated with poorer MMC scores at baseline. Parental illiteracy (β=-0.35, p<.001) and neighbourhood disadvantage (β=-0.27, p<.001) showed stronger associations than economic hardship (β=-0.10, p=.003) and childhood illness (β=-0.21, p<.001). No factors were significantly related to changes in cognitive scores over time. Depressive symptoms and self-rated health partially mediated cross-sectional relationships, with depressive symptoms showing a stronger effect. All adversity factors except economic hardship were linked to baseline cognitive impairment (OR=1.42 parent illiteracy, OR=1.24 childhood illness, OR=1.82 neighbourhood disadvantage, p<.05). Only neighbourhood disadvantage was associated with incident cognitive impairment (OR=1.19, p=.003). DISCUSSION: This study highlights the lasting impact of childhood adversity on late-life cognitive health among older Puerto Ricans, suggesting that addressing early adversity may promote cognitive health later in life.

• Klíčová slova
• Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), cognitive decline, early adversity and aging, mental health in later life, older Hispanic adults,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in hereditary ataxias as a part of the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome. In Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), one of the most common hereditary ataxias, depressive symptoms were previously reported, but little is known about other NPS. We aimed to study the presence and severity of a broad range of NPS in individuals with FRDA and assess the relationship between the NPS and the disease severity, cognition, and quality of life and to examine the concordance between the NPS reported by the patients and by their informants. Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C), a questionnaire designed for screening NPS in the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, was administered to informants of individuals with FRDA and healthy controls and to people with FRDA themselves. Compared to healthy controls, patients with FRDA scored significantly higher in the total MBI-C score, emotion dysregulation domain (corresponding to depression and anxiety), and decreased motivation domain. When assessed by caregiver, the total MBI-C score and several NPS domains correlated with activities of daily living. Only psychotic symptoms were related to ataxia severity and general cognition. When endorsed by patients, only the relation between few MBI-C domains and quality of life was observed. We found slight to moderate agreement between informant-rated and patient-rated scores. NPS, particularly emotion dysregulation and decreased motivation, are common and clinically relevant in FRDA and should receive more attention due to their potential impact on quality of life and the possibility of therapeutic intervention.

• Klíčová slova
• Cerebellum, Friedreich ataxia, MBI-C, Neuropsychiatric symptoms,
• MeSH
• činnosti denního života MeSH
• deprese etiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Friedreichova ataxie * psychologie   komplikace   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kvalita života * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• úzkost MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Objectives: Nursing home (NH) residents' capacity to communicate deteriorates with dementia. Consequently, NHs with high proportions of people living with dementia (PLWD) may receive fewer resident complaints, and/or investigating complaints may be challenging. We assessed NHs' proportion of PLWD in relation to total and substantiated complaints. Methods: Data were from the ASPEN Complaints/Incident Tracking System and the Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reports (2017). NHs (N = 15,499) were categorized based on high (top-10%), medium (middle-80%), and low (bottom-10%) dementia prevalence. Negative binomial Poisson regression assessed complaint patterns in relation to NHs' high/low (vs. medium) proportions of PLWD and other facility/resident characteristics. Results: Compared to NHs with medium-dementia prevalence, NHs with low proportions of PLWD had higher total (average marginal effect [AME] = 0.16, p < 0.001) and substantiated (AME = 0.30, p < 0.001) complaints, whereas NHs with high proportions of PLWD had fewer total (AME= -0.07; p < 0.05) and substantiated (AME= -0.11, p < 0.05) complaints. Also, NHs' profit status, chain-affiliation, size, staffing, and resident ethnicity were associated with total and substantiated complaints. Conclusion: The association between high proportions of PLWD and lower NH complaints suggests either that these NHs have higher overall quality or that complaints are underreported. Regardless, surveyors and families may need more involvement in monitoring higher dementia prevalence facilities.

• Klíčová slova
• Nursing home, complaints, quality of care, residents living with dementia,
• MeSH
• demence * epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Genetic variations in a common single nucleotide polymorphism in the ninth intron of the KIBRA gene have been linked to memory performance and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE: We examined the risk of AD related to presence of KIBRA T allele (versus CC homozygote) and to memory performance. The role of established genetic risk factors APOE ε4 and BDNF Met was also considered. METHODS: Participants were cognitively healthy individuals (n = 19), participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) due to AD (n = 99) and AD dementia (n = 37) from the Czech Brain Aging Study. Binary and multinomial logistic regressions compared odds of belonging to a certain diagnostic category and multivariate linear regressions assessed associations with memory. RESULTS: KIBRA T allele was associated with increased AD dementia risk (odds ratio [OR] = 5.98, p = 0.012) compared to KIBRA CC genotype. In APOE ε4 negative individuals, KIBRA T allele was associated with a greater risk of both aMCI due to AD (OR = 6.68, p = 0.038) and AD dementia (OR = 15.75, p = 0.009). In BDNF Met positive individuals, the KIBRA T allele was associated with a greater risk of AD dementia (OR = 10.98, p = 0.050). In AD dementia, the association between KIBRA T allele and better memory performance approached significance (β = 0.42; p = 0.062). The link between possessing the KIBRA T allele and better memory reached statistical significance only among BDNF Met carriers (β = 1.21, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that KIBRA T allele may not fully protect against AD dementia but could potentially delay progression of post-diagnosis cognitive deficits.

• Klíčová slova
• Alzheimer's disease, ApoE, BDNF, KIBRA, cognitive impairments, memory,
• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc * genetika   MeSH
• apolipoprotein E4 genetika   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci genetika   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• intracelulární signální peptidy a proteiny genetika   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * genetika   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozkový neurotrofický faktor genetika   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• paměť fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• apolipoprotein E4 MeSH
• intracelulární signální peptidy a proteiny MeSH
• mozkový neurotrofický faktor MeSH
• WWC1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč

BACKGROUND: There is initial evidence suggesting that biomarker neurogranin (Ng) may distinguish Alzheimer's disease (AD) from other neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we assessed (a) the discriminant ability of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Ng levels to distinguish between AD and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) pathology and between different stages within the same disease, (b) the relationship between Ng levels and cognitive performance in both AD and FTLD pathology, and (c) whether CSF Ng levels vary by apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism in the AD continuum. METHODS: Participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) (n = 33), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) due to AD (n = 109), AD dementia (n = 67), MCI due to FTLD (n = 25), and FTLD dementia (n = 29) were recruited from the Czech Brain Aging Study. One-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) assessed Ng levels in diagnostic subgroups. Linear regressions evaluated the relationship between CSF Ng levels, memory scores, and APOE polymorphism. RESULTS: Ng levels were higher in aMCI-AD patients compared to MCI-FTLD (F[1, 134] = 15.16, p < .001), and in AD-dementia compared to FTLD-dementia (F[1, 96] = 4.60, p = .029). Additionally, Ng levels were higher in FTLD-dementia patients compared to MCI-FTLD (F[1, 54]= 4.35, p = .034), lower in SCD participants compared to aMCI-AD (F[1, 142] = 10.72, p = .001) and AD-dementia (F[1, 100] = 20.90, p < .001), and did not differ between SCD participants and MCI-FTLD (F[1, 58]= 1.02, p = .491) or FTLD-dementia (F[1, 62]= 2.27, p = .051). The main effect of diagnosis across the diagnostic subgroups on Aβ1-42/Ng ratio was significant too (F[4, 263]=, p < .001). We found a non-significant association between Ng levels and memory scores overall (β=-0.25, p = .154) or in AD diagnostic subgroups, and non-significant differences in this association between overall AD APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers (β=-0.32, p = .358). CONCLUSIONS: In this first study to-date to assess MCI and dementia due to AD or FTLD within one study, elevated CSF Ng appears to be an early biomarker of AD-related impairment, but its role as a biomarker appears to diminish after dementia diagnosis, whereby dementia-related underlying processes in AD and FTLD may begin to merge. The Aβ1-42/Ng ratio discriminated AD from FTLD patients better than Ng alone. CSF Ng levels were not related to memory in AD or FTLD, suggesting that Ng may be a marker of the biological signs of disease state rather than cognitive deficits.

• Klíčová slova
• APOE, Alzheimer’s disease, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Memory, Neurogranin,
• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc * mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• amyloidní beta-protein mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• apolipoproteiny E genetika   mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• biologické markery * mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• frontotemporální lobární degenerace * mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurogranin * mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• amyloidní beta-protein MeSH
• apolipoproteiny E MeSH
• biologické markery * MeSH
• neurogranin * MeSH
• NRGN protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč

As rates of obesity continue to rise, so does the impact of obesity on cognitive function. Engaging in physical activity is one pathway through which individuals can help maintain cognitive function. This study examined whether any link between exercise and cognitive function was associated with weight characteristics. Data from 6,012 participants in the Health and Retirement Study were used. The association between participation in light or moderate physical activity and better cognitive function was particularly strong for overweight or obese adults and less so for those who were normal weight. Overall, the findings suggested that while being physically active is associated with better cognitive function regardless of weight, the associations were stronger for individuals who were overweight/obese compared with those who were normal weight. Given the results were particularly pronounced for waist circumference (relative to body mass index), further research should be conducted to examine if individuals with greater abdominal adiposity may benefit most from staying active in terms of their cognitive function.

• Klíčová slova
• BMI, cognitive function, exercise, waist circumference,
• MeSH
• cvičení * fyziologie   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
• kognice * fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita * psychologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• obvod pasu MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Frailty is one of the key syndromes in geriatric medicine and an important factor for post-transplant outcomes. We aimed to describe the prevalence of frailty and examine the correlates of frailty and depressive symptoms in older kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 112 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) aged 70 and above. Frailty syndrome was assessed using the Fried frailty criteria, and patients were categorized as frail, pre-frail, or non-frail based on five frailty components: muscle weakness, slow walking speed, low physical activity, self-reported exhaustion, and unintentional weight loss. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The relationship between frailty and depressive symptoms was evaluated using multinomial logistic regression, with the three frailty categories as the dependent variable and the severity of depressive symptoms as the independent variable, while controlling for age, gender, renal graft function, and time since transplant surgery. RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 73.3 ± 3.3 years, and 49% were female. The prevalence of frailty syndrome was 25% (n = 28), pre-frailty was 46% (n = 52), and 29% (n = 32) of the KTRs were non-frail. The mean score for depressive symptoms was 3.1 ± 2.4 points, with 18% scoring above the clinical depression cutoff. Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with frailty (r = .46, p < .001). Among the frailty components, self-reported exhaustion (r = .43, p < .001), slow walking speed (r = .26, p < .01), and low physical activity (r = .44, p < .001) were significantly positively correlated with depressive symptoms, while muscle strength (p = .068) and unintentional weight loss (p = .050) were not. A multinomial logistic regression adjusted for covariates indicated that, compared to being non-frail, each additional point on the GDS increased the odds of being pre-frail by 39% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.96) and roughly doubled the odds of being frail (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.39-2.89). CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between frailty and depression in KTRs aged 70 years and older. Targeted detection has opened up a new avenue for collaboration between geriatricians and transplant nephrologists.

• Klíčová slova
• Depression, Frailty, Geriatrics, Kidney transplantation, Posttransplant,
• MeSH
• deprese * epidemiologie   psychologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení metody   MeSH
• geriatrie metody   trendy   MeSH
• křehkost * epidemiologie   diagnóza   psychologie   MeSH
• křehký senior psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nefrologové trendy   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• příjemce transplantátu psychologie   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transplantace ledvin * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

We examined the effect of Winter Storm Uri on daily direct-care nurse staffing levels in 1,173 Texas nursing homes (NHs) from February 13th to 19th, 2021. We used data from Payroll-Based Journaling and the Care Compare website. Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate the linear and non-linear change in staffing. During Winter Storm Uri, Texas NHs experienced a linear decrease in daily staffing levels with subsequent non-linear increase for registered nurses (RNs; p < .001) and certified nursing assistants (CNAs; p < .001), and staffing increased linearly for licensed practical nurses (LPNs; p < .001). Compared to 1 week before the storm, Texas NHs reported lower staffing levels across all three types of staff, but most dramatically among LPNs and CNAs. In supplemental analyses, urban and lower quality NHs fared slightly poorer than rural and higher-quality NHs. Winter storms pose a particular challenge to NHs and their ability to maintain direct-care nurse staffing levels.

• Klíčová slova
• disaster medicine, disaster preparedness, staffing shortages,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pečovatelské domovy MeSH
• personální obsazení a rozvrh * MeSH
• pomocní ošetřovatelé * MeSH
• pracovní síly MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Texas MeSH