This case report presents a unique study focused on relationship between nutritional parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP), and the marker of oxidative stress 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), in 61-year-old male paraplegic patient with multiple pressure ulcers. A multidisciplinary approach was essential for the timing of the successful reconstruction process. The patient had a history of paraplegia since 1999 due to a skiing accident with fractures of thoracic vertebrae (Th6-Th9), requiring spinal surgery. His medical background includes acute pancreatitis with biliary tract revisions, partial pancreatic resection, acute respiratory failure with tracheostomy, renal failure treated with hemodialysis, bronchopneumonia, pseudomembranous colitis, and hyperuricemia. The patient also underwent multiple surgical interventions, including treatment for ulnar nerve paresis, cholecystectomy, and multiple pressure ulcer reconstructions. The study describes the relationship between selected biochemical parameters and overall clinical status in a paraplegic patient with three deep pressure ulcers located in the left-sided ischial, trochanteric, and sacral regions during their multistage surgical therapy. The reconstructive procedure and collection of biological samples for determination of selected biochemical parameters were performed according to the same schedule: debridement of pressure ulcers at the beginning of the particular hospitalization and on the day of surgical reconstruction. The patient's severe condition was accompanied by decreased levels of both 8-OHdG and selected nutritional parameters (albumin, prealbumin, and total protein) and increased CRP levels at the beginning of the treatment process. The evaluation of the dynamics of the measured parameters during the gradual improvement of the patient's condition and the multistage reconstruction of pressure ulcers in six hospitalizations over a period of 17 months was continued resulting in the healing of all pressure ulcers. This case highlights the crucial importance of investigating selected biochemical parameters, with emphasis on 8-OHdG, and nutritional parameters, for the timing of surgical strategy and comprehensive therapy in patients with multiple pressure ulcers and severe, complex medical histories.
- Klíčová slova
- 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, C-reactive protein, case report, multistage surgery, nutritional status, oxidative stress, prealbumin, pressure ulcer,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) play an important role in reparative processes. The ratio of PUFAs n-3 to n-6 may affect wound healing. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 and n-6 PUFA in two proportions on skin wounds in laboratory rats. Adult male Wistar rats received 20% fat emulsion with a ratio of 1.4:1 (group A) or 4.3:1 (group B) for n-3:n-6 PUFAs at a daily dose of 1 mL/kg. The control group received water under the same conditions. The animals were supplemented a week before and a week after the skin excision performed on the back. The level of wound closure, various parameters of oxidative stress, and plasma fatty acids composition were evaluated. Wound tissue samples were examined by electron microscopy. The administration of fat emulsions led to significant changes in plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid composition. The increased production of reactive nitrogen species, as well as more numerous newly formed blood vessels and a greater amount of highly organized collagen fibrils in both groups A and B may indicate more intensive healing of the skin wound in rats supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acids in high n-3:n-6 ratio.
- Klíčová slova
- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, healing, oxidative stress, polyunsaturated fatty acids, wound,
- MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mastné kyseliny * MeSH
- nenasycené mastné kyseliny farmakologie MeSH
- omega-3 mastné kyseliny * farmakologie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- mastné kyseliny * MeSH
- nenasycené mastné kyseliny MeSH
- omega-3 mastné kyseliny * MeSH
Prolonged QT interval is an independent risk factor for development of ventricular arrhythmias. Haloperidol is one of the drugs inducing QT prolongation. Previous studies showed that haloperidol affects not only QT duration but also heart rate (RR interval). The present work focused on relationship between QT and RR and its changes under acute and chronic haloperidol administration. The study included 14 male guinea pigs divided into control and haloperidol-treated group. After 21-days administration of haloperidol or vehiculum, electrograms in isolated hearts were recorded. QT/RR and dQT/dRR coupling were calculated. Chronic haloperidol administration significantly decreases the coupling between QT and RR. Acute haloperidol exposure significantly decreases the dQT/dRR coupling in both treated and untreated guinea pig hearts. Flatter QT/RR relationship reveals a lack of QT adaptation to increased heart rate. It should be emphasized that in such situation ECG recording will not show significant QT prolongation evaluated according to clinical rules. However, if QT interval does not adapt to increased heart rate sufficiently, the risk of ventricular arrhythmias may be increased despite practically normal QT interval length. The results are supported by findings in biochemical analyses, which proved eligibility of the used model.
- Klíčová slova
- Drug-induced QT prolongation, Guinea pig, Haloperidol, Isolated heart, QT/RR coupling,
- MeSH
- antipsychotika farmakologie MeSH
- haloperidol farmakologie MeSH
- morčata MeSH
- srdce účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- srdeční frekvence účinky léků MeSH
- syndrom dlouhého QT MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- morčata MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antipsychotika MeSH
- haloperidol MeSH
BACKGROUND: Detailed quantitative analysis of the effect of left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy on myocardial ischemia manifestation in ECG is still missing. The associations between both phenomena can be studied in animal models. In this study, rabbit isolated hearts with spontaneously increased LV mass were used to evaluate the effect of such LV alteration on ischemia detection criteria and performance. METHODS: Electrophysiological effects of increased LV mass were evaluated on sixteen New Zealand rabbit isolated hearts under non-ischemic and ischemic conditions by analysis of various electrogram (EG) parameters. To reveal hearts with increased LV mass, LV weight/heart weight ratio was proposed. Standard paired and unpaired statistical tests and receiver operating characteristics analysis were used to compare data derived from different groups of animals, monitor EG parameters during global ischemia and evaluate their ability to discriminate between unchanged and increased LV as well as non-ischemic and ischemic state. RESULTS: Successful evaluation of both increased LV mass and ischemia is lead-dependent. Particularly, maximal deviation of QRS and area under QRS associated with anterolateral heart wall respond significantly to even early phase (the 1st-3rd min) of ischemia. Besides ischemia, these parameters reflect increased LV mass as well (with sensitivity reaching approx. 80%). However, the sensitivity of the parameters to both phenomena may lead to misinterpretations, when inappropriate criteria for ischemia detection are selected. Particularly, use of cut-off-based criteria defined from control group for ischemia detection in hearts with increased LV mass may result in dramatic reduction (approx. 15%) of detection specificity due to increased number of false positives. Nevertheless, criteria adjusted to particular experimental group allow achieving ischemia detection sensitivity of 89-100% and specificity of 94-100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It was shown that response of the heart to myocardial ischemia can be successfully evaluated only when taking into account heart-related factors (such as LV mass) and other methodological aspects (such as recording electrodes position, selected EG parameters, cut-off criteria, etc.). Results of this study might be helpful for developing new clinical diagnostic strategies in order to improve myocardial ischemia detection in patients with LV hypertrophy.
- Klíčová slova
- Electrogram, Increased left ventricular mass, Isolated heart, Myocardial ischemia detection, ROC analysis, Rabbit,
- MeSH
- elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické * MeSH
- elektrokardiografie * MeSH
- funkce levé komory srdeční * MeSH
- hypertrofie levé komory srdeční komplikace diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- ischemická choroba srdeční komplikace diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- plocha pod křivkou MeSH
- počítačové zpracování signálu MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- preparace izolovaného srdce MeSH
- remodelace komor * MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- ROC křivka MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Ischemic and reperfusion injury is a serious condition related to numerous biochemical and electrical abnormalities of the myocardium. It has been repeatedly studied in various animal models. In this study, the production of hydroxyl radicals and electrophysiological parameters were compared in three species. Rat, guinea pig and rabbit isolated hearts were perfused according to Langendorff under strictly identical conditions. The heart rate and arrhythmia were monitored during ischemia and reperfusion periods at defined time intervals; the production of hydroxyl radical was determined by HPLC as 2.5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2.5-DHBA) formed by salicylic acid hydroxylation. Relationship between arrhythmias and production of 2.5-DHBA was studied. The inter-species differences were observed in timing of arrhythmias onset and their severity, and in the production of 2.5-DHBA in both ischemia and reperfusion. The most considerable changes were observed in rats, where arrhythmias appeared early and with highest severity during ischemia on one side and the regular rhythm was restored early and completely during reperfusion. The corresponding changes in the production of 2.5-DHBA were observed. It can be concluded that rat isolated heart is the most suitable model for evaluation of ischemia/reperfusion injury under given experimental conditions.
- MeSH
- elektrokardiografie metody MeSH
- gentisáty metabolismus MeSH
- hydroxylový radikál metabolismus MeSH
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- morčata MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- reperfuzní poškození myokardu komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- srdeční arytmie etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- srdeční frekvence MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- morčata MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
- gentisáty MeSH
- hydroxylový radikál MeSH
Six different isoquinoline alkaloids (sanguinarine, chelerythrine, berberine, coptisine, allocryptopine, and protopine) were extracted by butanol and octanol from aqueous solution, pH 4.5. The samples were analyzed by HPLC. Butanol extraction was non-selective, alkaloids passed into organic phase in 83-98%. Octanol extraction provided more selective yields: sanguinarine 99%, chelerythrine 94%, berberine 18%, coptisine 16%, allocryptopine 7.5%, protopine 7%. Further, we tested octanol treatment of extract from Dicranostigma lactucoides. The octanol extraction yields were also selective: sanguinarine 98%, chelerythrine 92%, chelirubine 92.5%, protopine 6% and allocryptopine 3.5%. 6-Butoxy-5,6-dihydrosanguinarine and 6-butoxy-5,6-dihydrochelerythrine were prepared and their NMR and MS data are reported and discussed.
The content of the seven quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids (QBA) sanguinarine (SA), chelerythrine (CHE), chelirubine (CHR), chelilutine (CHL), sanguilutine (SL), sanguirubine (SR) and macarpine (MA) was determined in the underground part of six plant species of the family Papaveraceae (Sanguinaria canadensis L., Dicranostigma lactucoides HOOK.f.et THOMS, Chelidonium majus L., Macleaya cordata (Willd.), Macleaya microcarpa (Maxim) and Stylophorum lasiocarpum (Oliv.)). HPLC method with reversed phase column Synergi Max-RP C-12 Phenomenex was used, mobile phase consisted of heptanesulfonic acid (0.01 mol/l) with triethanolamine (0.1 mol/l) in redistilled water, pH 2.5, acetonitrile gradient 25-60% during 25 min. Detection was performed at 280 nm. The highest content of SA and CHE was found in the roots of D. lactucoides (1.99%, resp. 3.43% of the dried roots). In rhizomes of S. canadensis was their content more then two times lower.
- MeSH
- acetonitrily chemie MeSH
- alkaloidy analýza chemie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- ethanolaminy chemie MeSH
- fenantridiny analýza chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kalibrace MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kořeny rostlin chemie MeSH
- léčivé rostliny anatomie a histologie chemie MeSH
- methanol chemie MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- Papaveraceae anatomie a histologie chemie MeSH
- regresní analýza MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie ultrafialová MeSH
- voda chemie MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- acetonitrile MeSH Prohlížeč
- acetonitrily MeSH
- alkaloidy MeSH
- ethanolaminy MeSH
- fenantridiny MeSH
- methanol MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- triethanolamine MeSH Prohlížeč
- voda MeSH
The content of the main flavonoids in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivated in Central Europe was evaluated using the new simple RP-HPLC method with gradient of acetonitrile in mobile phase. The main components of the roots were baicalin (8.12% of dry root mass) and wogonin glucuronide (2.52%). The content of flavonoids was comparable with the content in plants cultivated in natural localities. Five main flavonoids were evaluated for their scavenging ability with DPPH radical-generating system and due to limited solubility only two flavonoids were investigated for their ability to scavenge hydroxyl radical by the aromatic hydroxylation method. The total extract was also tested in both the experimental arrangements. In experiments with DPPH, only baicalin and baicalein displayed a significant scavenging effect, while the production of OH radicals generated by UV photolysis of H(2)O(2) was considerable decreased in the presence of baicalin and wogonin glucuronide. After comparison with results obtained for the total extract, it was concluded, that the scavenging activity of the extract against DPPH is mainly derived from baicalin. On the other hand, baicalin, wogonin glucuronide and probably other flavonoids participate in scavenging OH radical.
- MeSH
- bifenylové sloučeniny MeSH
- flavanony * MeSH
- flavonoidy aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- fytoterapie * MeSH
- glukuronidy chemie MeSH
- hydroxylový radikál MeSH
- inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
- kořeny rostlin MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pikráty MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- šišák bajkalský * MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Názvy látek
- 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl MeSH Prohlížeč
- baicalin MeSH Prohlížeč
- bifenylové sloučeniny MeSH
- flavanony * MeSH
- flavonoidy MeSH
- glukuronidy MeSH
- hydroxylový radikál MeSH
- pikráty MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
- wogonin-7-glucuronide MeSH Prohlížeč
