This study was carried out to investigate how pinworm infection in rats affects nutrient digestibility in the hosts. Twenty-four male outbred Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of 12 rats each. The rats from the first group (GI) were kept in cages with bedding containing pinworm eggs, and the second (control) group (GII) were kept in a separate room in clean, uncontaminated filter-top cages. The animals were put into individual metabolic cages later. Metabolic trials lasted five days and records of animal weight, food ingestion, and faecal weight were taken daily. Based on laboratory analysis of the feed and faecal nutrient content, digestibility values were determined. On day 15 of the experiment, the animals were euthanized. Although Syphacia muris were found in all rats from the GI group, animals exhibited no clinical signs. In our experiment, S. muris infection reduced the overall digestibility of all measured nutrients (P < 0.01). The most significant differences in digestibility were observed in the case of crude fibre and mineral matter (P < 0.01).

• Klíčová slova
• Syphacia muris, digestibility, infection, laboratory rat, nutrient,
• MeSH
• energetický metabolismus MeSH
• fyziologie výživy zvířat * MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus * MeSH
• laboratorní zvířata MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• nemoci hlodavců parazitologie   MeSH
• oxyuriáza parazitologie   MeSH
• Oxyuroidea fyziologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
• trávení * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus * MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Pinworms (Nematoda: Enterobiinae) include 52 species parasitising primates throughout the world. In the present study, we performed the first ever molecular analysis to investigate the phylogenetic position of recently described pinworms parasitising the Sumatran orang-utan. The phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial CO1 and chromosomal 18S rDNA and ITS1 regions could support the independent status of several Nematoda species. Our molecular data clearly suggest that Enterobius (Colobenterobius) buckleyi and Lemuricola (Protenterobius) pongoi together with Pongobius hugoti form separate clades among other studied species, which significantly supports the hypothesis of recently described new species parasitising the orang-utan (Pongo abelii and Pongo pygmaeus). The phylogenetic tree based on cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene variability showed possible close relationships between L. (Protenterobius) pongoi and P. hugoti; thus, we can assume that these species could have initially diverged in sympatry from a common ancestor.

• MeSH
• enterobióza parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Enterobius klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• genetické markery MeSH
• intergenová DNA genetika   MeSH
• mitochondrie genetika   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• Pongo abelii parazitologie   MeSH
• Pongo pygmaeus parazitologie   MeSH
• respirační komplex IV genetika   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• vznik druhů (genetika) MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• genetické markery MeSH
• intergenová DNA MeSH
• respirační komplex IV MeSH

Pinworms (Nematoda: Oxyurida) are common contaminants in most laboratory rodent colonies. The aim of the study was to monitor the transmission of Syphacia muris eggs in laboratory rat breeding facilities. Dust in a breeding room was investigated using special grids (free fallout, or through the help suction chamber). Furthermore, the ventilation system, breeding cages and the hands of the laboratory technical staff were examined. In the case of free fallout, the percentage of positive grids increased slightly over time: from 5.5% (after 24 h) to 8.2% (72 h). Similar values were also found when using the suction chamber (7.6%). Many more pinworm eggs were found in samples collected every second month from suction holes of the ventilation system (28.7%). One-half of the samples taken from the breeding cages (before washing) exhibited pinworm eggs (50.8%). Examination of the hands of technical staff showed positive detection in 37.9% of cases. In this study, certain transmission factors (dust, unclean cages and technicians) were proved to be significant in the distribution of pinworm infection in laboratory rodent facilities.

• MeSH
• bydlení zvířat * MeSH
• chov * MeSH
• enterobióza prevence a kontrola   přenos   veterinární   MeSH
• kontaminace zdravotnického vybavení * MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus parazitologie   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• nemoci hlodavců parazitologie   prevence a kontrola   přenos   MeSH
• ovum MeSH
• Oxyuroidea izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• prach MeSH
• pracovníci laboratoře * MeSH
• větrání MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• prach MeSH

Syphacia obvelata is a common gastro-intestinal parasitic nematode of the house mouse (Mus musculus), a prime model rodent species. Investigations of the genetic structure, variability of parasite populations and other biological aspects of this host-parasite system are limited due to the lack of genetic resources for S. obvelata. To fill this gap, we developed a set of microsatellite markers for S. obvelata, using a 454 pyrosequencing approach. We designed three multiplex panels allowing genotyping of 10 polymorphic loci and scrutinized them on 42 samples from two different regions inhabited by two different house mouse subspecies (Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus). The numbers of alleles ranged from 2 to 6 with mean observed heterozygosities 0.1476 and 0.2095 for domesticus and musculus worms, respectively. The described markers will facilitate further studies on population biology and co-evolution of this host-parasite system.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• mikrosatelitní repetice genetika   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nematodózy parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci hlodavců parazitologie   MeSH
• Oxyuroidea genetika   MeSH
• populační genetika MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In this first report about pinworms peptidases we primarily characterize peptidases released during in vitro maintenance of two common pinworms of laboratory animals -Syphacia muris and Passalurus ambiguus. The peptidase activity obtained using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed the presence of peptidases from S. muris with a wide range of molecular size (25-110 kDa), which degrades gelatin and mucin at alkaline pH levels. P. ambiguus released serine and aspartyl peptidases degrading gelatin at all tested pH (3, 5, 7, and 9) and at acidic pH Passalurus released aspartyl and cysteine peptidases which are active against mucin.

• MeSH
• EDTA farmakologie   MeSH
• elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu MeSH
• inhibitory proteas farmakologie   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita fyziologie   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• laboratorní zvířata MeSH
• molekulová hmotnost MeSH
• muciny metabolismus   MeSH
• oxyuriáza parazitologie   MeSH
• Oxyuroidea enzymologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• proteasy chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• substrátová specifita MeSH
• sulfony farmakologie   MeSH
• želatina metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride MeSH Prohlížeč
• EDTA MeSH
• inhibitory proteas MeSH
• muciny MeSH
• proteasy MeSH
• sulfony MeSH
• želatina MeSH

The release of any species into a novel environment can evoke transmission of parasites that do not normally parasitize the host as well as potentially introducing new parasites into the environment. Species introductions potentially incur such risks, yet little is currently known about the parasite fauna of introduced primate species over the long term. We describe the results of long-term monitoring of the intestinal parasite fauna of an unprovisioned, reproducing population of chimpanzees introduced 40 years earlier (1966-1969) onto Rubondo Island in Lake Victoria, Tanzania, a non-native habitat for chimpanzees. Two parasitological surveys (March 1997-October 1998 and October 2002-December 2005) identified Entamoeba spp. including E. coli, Iodamoeba buetschlii, Troglodytella abrassarti, Chilomastix mesnili, Trichuris sp., Anatrichosoma sp., Strongyloides spp., Strongylida fam. gen. sp., Enterobius anthropopitheci, Subulura sp., Ascarididae gen. sp., and Protospirura muricola. The parasite fauna of the Rubondo chimpanzees is similar to wild chimpanzees living in their natural habitats, but Rubondo chimpanzees have a lower prevalence of strongylids (9%, 3.8%) and a higher prevalence of E. anthropopitheci (8.6%, 17.9%) than reported elsewhere. Species prevalence was similar between our two surveys, with the exception of Strongyloides spp. being higher in the first survey. None of these species are considered to pose a serious health risk to chimpanzees, but continued monitoring of the population and surveys of the parasitic fauna of the two coinhabitant primate species and other animals, natural reservoir hosts of some of the same parasites, is important to better understand the dynamics of host-parasite ecology and potential long-term implications for chimpanzees introduced into a new habitat.

• MeSH
• Amoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Ciliophora izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Entamoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Enterobius izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• gastrointestinální trakt parazitologie   MeSH
• hlístice izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• nemoci lidoopů parazitologie   přenos   MeSH
• Pan troglodytes parazitologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci u zvířat farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   přenos   MeSH
• Retortamonadidae izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Strongyloides izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Trichuris izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Tanzanie MeSH

The study presents the first description of male specimen (allotype) of the pinworm species Lemuricola (Lemuricola) pongoi, parasitising Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) from Sumatra (Indonesia). The male specimen morphology presents all features fully corresponding with diagnose of the genus and subgenus Lemuricola. We are agreeing that Protenterobius is synonymous with Lemuricola because the length of tail appendix in males is not a sufficient feature for separation of the genera or subgenera. For L. (L.) pongoi male are characteristic features: body length (4,803 microm), total oesophagus length (530), tail length (235), tip of tail length (188) and spicule length (90).

• MeSH
• mikroskopie MeSH
• nemoci lidoopů parazitologie   MeSH
• oxyuriáza parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Oxyuroidea anatomie a histologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Pongo abelii parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Indonésie MeSH

Developmental stages of 8 species of parasitic helminths were found during examination of sludge from 3 sewage treatment plants in Central Bohemia, Czechoslovakia. The eggs were comprised from Ascaris sp., Toxocara sp., Toxascaris leonina, Parascaris equorum, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris sp., Capillaria sp. and Hymenolepis spp. The quantity of these organisms in 100 g of dried sludge ranged between 24-105 eggs of Ascaris sp., 12-47 eggs of Toxocara sp., 0-8 eggs of Toxascaris leonina, 0-1 egg of Parascaris equorum, 2-33 eggs of Trichuris sp., 0-12 eggs of Capillaria sp., 0-46 eggs of Enterobius vermicularis and 0-49 eggs of Hymenolepis spp. Some eggs of Hymenolepis spp. and Enterobius vermicularis were structurally damaged, while some eggs of Ascaris sp. and Enterobius vermicularis contained developed larvae.

• MeSH
• Ascaris izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Capillaria izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• cizopasní červi izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Enterobius izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Hymenolepis izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• odpadní vody * MeSH
• ovum MeSH
• Toxascaris izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Toxocara izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Trichuris izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• odpadní vody * MeSH

Histological sections of 414 appendices were examined parasitologically. Enterobius vermicularis was found in 8.7%, eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides in 0.5%, trophozites of Dientamoeba fragilis in 4.8%, Endolimax nana in 2.2%, Entamoeba coli in 1% and cysts of Giardia intestinalis in 1.9% of cases. Appendicopathies associated with Enterobius were most frequent in the age group from 6 to 10 years (24.3%) and from 21 to 25 years (12.2%). Patients older than 15 years were practically women only. Dientamoeba was most frequent in the age group from 11 to 15 years (11.3%). In women D. fragilis was three times more frequent than in men. The coincidence of D. fragilis and E. vermicularis infections was 50%. No interactions were seen between the protozoans in the contents of the appendix and its mucous membrane. Statistical evaluation indicates possible etiologic role of E. vermicularis in the occurrence of acute appendicities. D. fragilis appears to be the most common intestinal protozoan parasite in Bohemia.

• MeSH
• apendix parazitologie   MeSH
• Ascaris izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Dientamoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Enterobius izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Eukaryota izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• parazitární nemoci střev epidemiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo epidemiologie   MeSH

We evaluated a bioptic material of appendices from the hospital in Ceské Budĕjovice, obtained from 1977-1981. Of these, 2173 appendices were removed as cases of a clinical appendicitis, 788 for preventive reasons. In the cases of a clinical appendicitis with the incidence of pin worms in the appendix, the histological picture displayed significantly more chronical, inflammatory changes than in acute cases (test chi 2), while in cases of a clinical appendicitis without the presence of pin worms, we found more acute than chronical forms of inflammations. Our results are supported also by an analysis of preventively removed appendices, where again more chronical, inflammatory changes were found in appendices with pin worms.

• MeSH
• akutní nemoc MeSH
• apendektomie MeSH
• apendicitida etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• apendix parazitologie   patologie   MeSH
• biopsie MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• Enterobius * MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci slepého střeva etiologie   MeSH
• oxyuriáza komplikace   patologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH