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MeSH: puerperální infekce

49 záznamů v PubMed Filtry

Článek

Popperian methodology and the Semmelweis case

Parusniková, Zuzana
Autor Parusniková, Zuzana ORCID Institute of Philosophy, Czech Academy of Sciences, Jilská 1, Praha 1, 110 00, Czech Republic. parusnikova@volny.cz

Medicine, health care, and philosophy. 2023 Dec ; 26 (4) : 529-537. [epub] 20230816

Med Health Care Philos
ISSN 1572-8633 | 1386-7423
Zdroj

Semmelweis' discovery of the etiology of childbed fever has long attracted the attention of historians of medicine and biographers. In recent years it has also become of increasing interest to philosophers. In this paper I discuss the interpretation of Semmelweis' methodology from the viewpoint of the inference to the best explanation and argue that Popperian methodology is better at capturing the dynamics of the growth of knowledge. Furthermore, I criticize the attempts to explain the failure of Semmelweis to have his discovery accepted on the basis of the Kuhnian concept of paradigms, and warn that this view may endorse dogmatism as the norm The Kuhnian position also raises the problem of the authoritarian nature of scientific institutions which defend a paradigm against unorthodox, rebellious views, such as in the case of Semmelweis. Popperian philosophy is seen as a challenge to promote a link between an open society and open science with its main aim being to cherish a free critical spirit.

Klíčová slova
Childbed fever, Ignaz Semmelweis, Inference to the best explanation, Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn,
MeSH
lékařství * MeSH
lidé MeSH
puerperální infekce * MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
znalosti MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH

Článek

Comparison of obstetrical interventions in women with vaginal and cesarean section delivered: cross-sectional study in a reference tertiary center in the Northeast of Brazil

Ceska gynekologie. 2019 Spring ; 84 (3) : 201-207.

Ceska Gynekol
ISSN 1210-7832
Zdroj

OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of obstetrical interventions and maternal and perinatal outcomes between vaginal and cesarean delivery routes in pregnant women at normal risk. Type of article: Original article. Desing: Cross-sectional study with 421 participants admitted for spontaneous or induced labor with full-term singleton gestations and fetuses weighing between 2,500 and 4,499 g. SETTING: Maternal Fetal-Medicine Service, Assis Chateaubriand Maternity, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. METHODS: The instrument of data collection was divided into socio-demographic, clinical, and obstetric characteristics; data of labor and delivery; maternal morbidity; maternal outcome and perinatal outcomes. Pearsons chi-square test and Fishers exact test were used to verify associations between the groups. RESULTS: The mean age was 22.8 ± 6.0 (vaginal) and 22.9 ± 4.9 (cesarean section). Overall, 44.5% of vaginal deliveries and 85.5% of cesarean sections were monitored electronically (p < 0.001). Immediate skin-to-skin contact (84.1%) and first-hour breastfeeding (80.4%) were more frequent in vaginal deliveries compared with cesarean deliveries (27% vs. 61.0%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of puerperal infections was 1.2% (vaginal) and 5.0% (cesarean section) with a p value of 0.02; 40% of cesarean-delivered newborns and 9.7% of vaginally-delivered newborns were referred to the neonatal intensive care unit (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The cesarean section was associated with a lower frequency of useful practices, a higher frequency of harmful practices, worse neonatal outcomes, and a higher rate of postpartum infections.

Klíčová slova
cesarean section, health services, labor, vaginal delivery,
MeSH
císařský řez statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
indukovaný porod MeSH
kojení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
lidé MeSH
novorozenec MeSH
průřezové studie MeSH
puerperální infekce epidemiologie MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
vedení porodu metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
výsledek těhotenství MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
novorozenec MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
srovnávací studie MeSH
Geografické názvy
Brazílie epidemiologie MeSH

Článek

Rizika lécby vaginálních a poporodních infekcí a jejich bezpecnost pro plod
[Vaginal and postpregnancy inflamations, risks of their treatment for fetus]

Ceska gynekologie. 2008 Oct ; 73 (5) : 294-7.

Ceska Gynekol
ISSN 1210-7832
Zdroj

OBJECTIVE: Paper describes risks of gynaecological inflamations and their treatment for the successful course of pregnancy. DESIGN: Review. SETTING: Czech Teratology Information Service, 3. LF UK, Praha. SUBJECT AND METHODS: The article refers the most common types of vaginal inflamation and gives recommendation for the appropriate treatment that is safe for embryo or fetus according to advice of Teratology Information Service. CONCLUSION: Vaginal inflamation during pregnancy represents risks of abortion, miscarriage or prematurity. For the treatment, we have to take in consideration the age of pregnancy and we should use the drugs, that are safe during this period. It is necessary always to compare risks resulting from disorder and from drugs used.

MeSH
antibakteriální látky škodlivé účinky MeSH
antifungální látky škodlivé účinky MeSH
chorioamnionitida farmakoterapie MeSH
infekční komplikace v těhotenství farmakoterapie MeSH
lidé MeSH
plod účinky léků MeSH
puerperální infekce farmakoterapie MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
vaginitida farmakoterapie MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
těhotenství MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
anglický abstrakt MeSH
časopisecké články MeSH
práce podpořená grantem MeSH
přehledy MeSH
Názvy látek
antibakteriální látky MeSH
antifungální látky MeSH

Článek

Historie objevu prevence horecky omladnic
[Prevention of puerperal fever--history of its discovery]

Rozsypalová, Bohdana
Autor Rozsypalová, Bohdana Gynaecological-Obstetric Surgery, Health Centre of Mazurska, Prague, Czech Republic. rozsypalb@tiscali.cz

Klinicka mikrobiologie a infekcni lekarstvi. 2006 Apr ; 12 (2) : 72-5.

Klin Mikrobiol Infekc Lek
ISSN 1211-264X
Zdroj

Článek

Mekonium a jeho význam
[Meconium and its significance]

Ceska gynekologie. 2000 Nov ; 65 (6) : 477-82.

Ceska Gynekol
ISSN 1210-7832
Zdroj

OBJECTIVE: A review of meconium patophysiology and its contribution to the incidence of perinatal infection. DESIGN: Review article. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Czech Republic. METHOD: The reported incidence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid varies between 7 and 22%. The patophysiology of the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid is not sufficiently explained. Meconium in fetal bowels is under hormonal and neurol control. The presence of the meconium-stained amniotic fluid was always considered to be a potential risk for the fetal and neonatal well-being. The review is further divided in to three chapters. (II. Meconium and meconium aspiration syndrome, III. Meconium and postnatal neurological handicap). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The first chapter on deals with meconium risk in the development of perinatal infection: intraamniotic infection/chorioamnionitis, postnatal endometritis, infection of the abdominal wound after Caesarean and neonatal infection. The incidence of clinical chorioamnionitis is 15% with the presence of meconium compared to 3% in controls. The incidence of puerperal endometritis is 10% in comparison to 3% under normal conditions. Two main mechanisms of development (or coincidence) of intraamniotic infection in the presence of meconium exist. 1) Infection may be a cause of meconium passage. 2A) Alteration of Zn/P ratio in the amniotic fluid can promote bacterial growth. 2B) Meconium attached to macrophages or absorbed by phagocytosis can impair cellular immune response. The antibiotic prophylaxis is discussed.

Článek

Antibiotická profylaxe infekcních komplikací císarského rezu--prospektivní studie
[Antibiotic prophylaxis of infectious complications in cesarean section--prospective study]

Ceska gynekologie. 1999 Sep ; 64 (5) : 313-6.

Ceska Gynekol
ISSN 1210-7832
Zdroj

OBJECTIVE: To verify the significance of Cefazolin administration to women who were indicated for caesarean section. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech republic. METHODS: Cefazolin was administered to 30 women with a patient history risk in a dose of 1 mg i.v. after ligation of the umbilical cord. The control group consisted of 30 women. Observed parameters: weight gain during pregnancy, indications for caesarean section, culture from the cervix and vagina prior to the caesarean section, culture from the amniotic fluid, culture from the 4th day lochia, temperature curve, leucocyte count before and 4 days after the operation, complications after the surgery, administration of antibiotics, and length of hospitalisation. RESULTS: In the group with antibiotic prophylaxis, we observed a more favourable course of the temperature curve and a smaller leucocyte count the fourth day after the surgery (p < 0.01), in comparison with the women without prophylaxis. The duration of hospitalisation in women with antibiotic prophylaxis was one day shorter and there was no occurrence of febrile complications requiring further antibiotic treatment. CONCLUSION: Cafazolin is advantageous antibiotic for prophylaxis in caesarean section in patients with risk.