Defective viral genomes (DVGs) are truncated and/or rearranged viral genomes produced during virus replication. Described in many RNA virus families, some of them have interfering activity on their parental virus and/or strong immunostimulatory potential, and are being considered in antiviral approaches. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by Aedes spp. that infected millions of humans in the last 15 years. Here, we describe the DVGs arising during CHIKV infection in vitro in mammalian and mosquito cells, and in vivo in experimentally infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We combined experimental and computational approaches to select DVG candidates most likely to have inhibitory activity and showed that, indeed, they strongly interfere with CHIKV replication both in mammalian and mosquito cells. We further demonstrated that some DVGs present broad-spectrum activity, inhibiting several CHIKV strains and other alphaviruses. Finally, we showed that pre-treating Aedes aegypti with DVGs prevented viral dissemination in vivo.
- MeSH
- Aedes virologie MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie MeSH
- defektní viry genetika MeSH
- genom virový * MeSH
- horečka chikungunya imunologie přenos virologie MeSH
- komáří přenašeči virologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- replikace viru * MeSH
- virus chikungunya genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antivirové látky MeSH
In the framework of a regional collaborative project between authorities and scientists, evidence was found of repeated introduction of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) alongside the main road entrances (E461 and E65) connecting Austria and the Slovak Republic with the Czech Republic. In comparison to data from 2012 (17 specimens collected on three occasions), the seasons 2016 (66 specimens on ten occasions) and 2017 (90 specimens on eight occasions) show an apparent increase of introduction events as well as of mosquito numbers and underline the need for more intense surveillance activities.
- Klíčová slova
- Aedes albopictus, Import, Introduction, Invasive vector,
- MeSH
- Aedes virologie MeSH
- entomologie * MeSH
- hmyz - vektory MeSH
- zavlečené druhy * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Between July and September 2012, seventeen larvae of the invasive mosquito species Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) were discovered using 60 ovitraps at four study sites alongside two main road exits in South Moravia, Czech Republic. This is the first report of imported Ae. albopictus in the Czech Republic. The findings highlight the need for a regular surveillance programme to monitor this invasive species throughout western and central Europe.
- MeSH
- Aedes růst a vývoj virologie MeSH
- demografie MeSH
- dengue epidemiologie přenos virologie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- fylogeografie MeSH
- hmyz - vektory růst a vývoj virologie MeSH
- kladení vajíček MeSH
- larva růst a vývoj MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- moskyti - kontrola metody MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- virus dengue růst a vývoj MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
Mosquito collections with CDC light traps using dry ice and pigeon-baited traps were carried out in south Moravia (Czech Republic) from April to October in 2007 and 2008 at two study sites. In 2007, 11 two-day captures were carried out in two-week intervals, and 1,490 female mosquitoes of nine species were caught. In 2008, 15 two-day trappings of mosquitoes were carried out: 6,778 females of 22 species of mosquitoes were trapped. The results showed marked differences in abundance and species composition of mosquitoes between both study sites and between the trapping methods. In the floodplain forest ecosystem of the Soutok study area, Aedes vexans predominated. The species composition in the Nesyt study site was more varied and the most common species was Culex pipiens. At the latter study site, Anopheles hyrcanus (var. pseudopictus) and Uranotaenia unguiculata, mosquito species with largely southern Eurasian distribution, were repeatedly demonstrated. The largest capture of mosquitoes was in traps with CO2 placed at a height 1 m above the ground. The capture of mosquitoes in the pigeon-baited traps as well as in the traps with CO2 placed in the canopy of trees was markedly lower in both study sites, with the predominant species being Culex pipiens.
Wolbachia are maternally inherited symbiotic bacteria capable of inducing an extensive range of reproductive abnormalities in their hosts, including cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). Its density (concentration) is likely to influence the penetrance of CI in incompatible crosses. The variations of Wolbachia density could also be linked with phage WO density. We determined the relative density (relative concentration) of prophage WO orf7 and Wolbachia (phage-to-bacteria ratio) during early developmental and adult stages of singly infected Aedes albopictus mosquito (Wolbachia A-infected) by using real-time quantitative PCR. Phage WO and Wolbachia did not develop at the same rate. Relative Wolbachia density (bacteria-to-host ratio) was high later in development (adult stages) whilst relative prophage WO density (phage-to-bacteria ratio) was low in the adult stages. Furthermore, 12-d-old adults of singly infected female mosquito had the highest Wolbachia density. In contrast, the larval stage 4 (L4) contained the highest prophage WO-B orf7 density. The association of hosts-Wolbachia-phage among diverse species is different. Thus, if phage and Wolbachia are involved in CI mechanism, the information of this association should be acquired for each specific type of organism for future use of population replacement or gene drive system.
- MeSH
- Aedes růst a vývoj mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- bakteriofágy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kukla mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- larva mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- ovum mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- profágy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- replikace viru MeSH
- rozmnožování MeSH
- Wolbachia izolace a purifikace fyziologie virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Specimens from residents (N = 497) of an area affected by the 2002 flood were examined serologically for mosquitoborne viruses. Antibodies were detected against Tahyna (16%), Sindbis (1%), and Batai (0.2%) viruses, but not West Nile virus. An examination of paired serum samples showed 1 Tahyna bunyavirus (California group) infection.
- MeSH
- Aedes virologie MeSH
- Culicidae virologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- infekce alfaviry epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- infekce viry z čeledi Bunyaviridae epidemiologie virologie MeSH
- katastrofy MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- neutralizační testy MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- protilátky virové krev MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- věkové rozložení MeSH
- virus Bunyamwera imunologie MeSH
- virus Sindbis imunologie MeSH
- viry kalifornské encefalitidy imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- protilátky virové MeSH
- MeSH
- Aedes virologie MeSH
- Culex virologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- myši MeSH
- Orthobunyavirus MeSH
- plakové testy MeSH
- virus západního Nilu imunologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- západonilská horečka epidemiologie imunologie virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika epidemiologie MeSH
- MeSH
- Aedes virologie MeSH
- Culex virologie MeSH
- kojená zvířata MeSH
- myši MeSH
- virus západního Nilu izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
