AIMS: Several methods exist to identify hospital admissions related to adverse drug events (ADEs). Clinical adjudication by healthcare professionals is the gold standard but is labour-intensive. Spontaneous reporting and routinely collected healthcare data using a set of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes often underestimate the prevalence of ADE-related admissions. Expanding the set of ICD codes could improve detection; however, validation is limited. The objective was to describe the agreement between ADE-related ICD-10 codes and clinically adjudicated ADE-related admissions in 2 settings. METHODS: This study analysed 2 datasets: 1102 readmissions from a hospital in the Netherlands (180 ADE-related) and 1228 admissions from a hospital in the Czech Republic (195 ADE-related). Clinical adjudication involved expert review including causality assessment to identify ADE-related hospital admissions. The sensitivities and specificities were calculated for a narrow code set (higher drug-likelihood codes containing words like drug-induced) and a broad code set of ICD-10 codes (including codes very likely, likely and possibly ADE-related). RESULTS: The narrow ICD-10 set showed a sensitivity of 3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2-6%) and a specificity of 99.6% (95% CI 99-100%). The broad set increased sensitivity to 27% (95% CI 23-32%), with specificity decreasing slightly to 92% (95% CI 91-94%). Preventable ADEs were identified less frequently with both ICD-10 code sets. CONCLUSIONS: Only 3% of ADE-related admissions were detected by the narrow ICD-code set and 27% by the broad code set without a significant drop in the specificity. ADE-related ICD codes seem to serve as triggers for 1 in 4 ADE-related hospital admissions.

• Klíčová slova
• adverse drug events, electronic health records, hospitalization, international classification of diseases, pharmacovigilance, preventability,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mezinárodní klasifikace nemocí * MeSH
• nežádoucí účinky léčiv * epidemiologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• příjem pacientů * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• systémy pro sběr zpráv o nežádoucích účincích léků * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Nizozemsko epidemiologie   MeSH

This study analyses trends in orofacial infection hospital admissions at a single department, focusing on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Admission counts fluctuated over the study period, but 2020 (n=65) and 2021 (n=56) showed a statistically significant decrease, falling slightly outside the 95% confidence interval of a linear trend established for 2014-2019. In 2022, the number of admitted patients (n=63) remained below average but within the confidence interval, while 2023 saw an increase to 97 patients. A notable shift in treatment methods was observed during the pandemic years. The proportion of patients treated with extraoral revision increased, with the most pronounced disparity in 2020 (n=40:10, 80%:20% extraoral revision-to-local treatment ratio). Statistical analysis (chi-square test, p<0.001) confirmed significant differences across the years. Comparing COVID-19-affected years (2020-2022) with non-COVID years (2014-2019 and 2023), 73% of patients were treated with extraoral revision during the pandemic, compared to 49% in non-COVID years (p<0.001). Additionally, only 44 patients were treated with antibiotics alone, whereas 75 would have been expected in the absence of COVID-19-related disruptions. These findings suggest that the pandemic influenced both the number of orofacial infection admissions and the treatment approach.

• Klíčová slova
• COVID-19, Epidemiology, Odontogenic abscess, Orofacial infection,
• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace * statistika a číselné údaje   trendy   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci úst * epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medications are frequently prescribed to older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) despite their limited efficacy and considerable safety risks. While discontinuation of these drugs might help reduce their associated morbidity, the impact of stopping antipsychotics on the risk of hospitalization has not been studied yet. The study aimed at estimating the effect of antipsychotic discontinuation on the risk of hospitalization in older LTCF residents and at identifying relevant factors influencing such effect. METHODS: For this registry-based retrospective cohort study, data from a cohort of older LTCF residents in Finland from the years 2014 to 2018 was analyzed. Data sources were the Resident Assessment Instrument for Long-Term Care (RAI-LTC) based comprehensive geriatric assessments and the Finnish Care Register for Health Care. For the initial cohort, 5467 users of antipsychotic medications with at least four assessments, each conducted 6 months apart, were selected. Residents were defined either as discontinuing, if antipsychotics were prescribed at the first two assessments but not at the last two, or as chronic users, if antipsychotics were prescribed at all four assessments. Causal machine learning (ML) methods including double machine learning (DML), double robust (DR), X-learner, and causal forest (CF) were applied to estimate the effect of antipsychotic discontinuation on the risk of hospitalization and to identify factors influencing such effect. The follow-up time was 1 year. The methods of SHAP values (SHapley Additive exPlanations), partial dependence plots (PDP), and surrogate models were used for model interpretation. RESULTS: Nearly 43% of residents in the study discontinued antipsychotic medications. Antipsychotic discontinuation lowered the probability of hospitalization of about 12% (average treatment effect, ATE). The individual treatment effect (ITE) estimations ranged from - 30% to + 1%. The use of restraints, age, and functional impairment were relevant variables in all ITE models in influencing the predicted ITE. CONCLUSIONS: Antipsychotic discontinuation may decrease the likelihood of hospitalization among older LTCF residents, benefiting most users of these drugs. Promoting antipsychotic discontinuation may prevent hospitalizations and reduce morbidity and mortality in long-term care.

• Klíčová slova
• Antipsychotic medications, Long-term care, Machine learning,
• MeSH
• antipsychotika * terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dlouhodobá péče * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• hospitalizace * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• strojové učení * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Finsko MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antipsychotika * MeSH

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major health and economic problem. Increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and the need for additional treatments increase the financial costs of healthcare institutions. The aim of this article is to analyze the incidence of SSIs, their impact on hospital length of stay and economic burden under Czech conditions. METHODS: We analyzed hospitalizations in the period from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2024 that were classified as SSI according to the CZ-DRG. A total of 2,134 hospitalizations were included, of which 212 (9.93%) were complicated by SSI. We recorded the length of hospital stay, number of reoperations and their duration. RESULTS: SSI hospitalizations accounted for 9.93% of all cases but 25.3% of hospital days. The economic impact of SSIs was expressed as a case-mix of 24.07%. SSI cases required 19.66% of all operations and 16.43% of total operating time. CONCLUSION: It is evident from the findings of this study that SSIs are not only a medical problem, but also an economic one. The economic analysis conducted in this study demonstrates that, even with higher reimbursement for SSI cases, this reimbursement does not cover the additional costs associated with prolonged hospitalization and the necessity for reoperations.

• Klíčová slova
• complications, cost, economic impact of SSI, surgical site infection, surgical site infection prevention, treatment,
• MeSH
• délka pobytu ekonomika   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace ekonomika   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• infekce chirurgické rány * ekonomika   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reoperace ekonomika   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zpráva o sobě MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

AIM: To describe the epidemiological situation of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and the impact of vaccination on hospitalization for RVGE in the Czech Republic in 2018-2023. METHODS: A descriptive analysis was performed of anonymized RVGE cases reported under code A08.0 to the Infectious Diseases Reporting System (ISIN) in the Czech Republic in 2018-2023. The Chi-square test was used to analyse binary variables. The effect of vaccination on hospitalization was assessed using logistic regression with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval. Excel, STATA, and Datawrapper GmbH programs were used. The incidence of the disease was calculated per 100,000 population. RESULTS: In the monitored period, a total of 26,303 RVGE cases were reported in the Czech Republic (range 1,811-7,483 per year), which corresponds to an average annual incidence of 41.0 (range 16.9-69.6) per 100,000 population. Fifty-one percent of cases occurred in women. The average annual sex-specific incidence rates were comparable. Patients were aged 0-101 years (median 3 years, interquartile range [IQR] 1-8 years). The maximum numbers of cases were recorded in the months of March to June. In the pandemic years 2020 and 2021, the overall numbers of cases were lower, and therefore the seasonality was less expressed. The average annual specific incidence was highest in the Vysočina, South Bohemian and Olomouc Regions. A total of 18,693 (71.1%) cases of RVGE were hospitalized, most of them in the age groups 1-4 years (34.7%) and 5-9 years (11.9%). Vaccination data were available for 21,142 individuals with RVGE, of whom 304 (1.4%) were reported as vaccinated. The risk of hospitalization for RVGE was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) in vaccinated than in unvaccinated individuals. A total of 27 RVGE outbreaks were reported, with the largest one involving 152 cases. Two hundred and twenty-six cases were classified as imported. CONCLUSIONS: After the introduction of RVGE vaccination in the Czech Republic, a reduction in RVGE cases, hospitalizations, and deaths was expected. However, a significant impact of vaccination on the RVGE burden has not yet been observed in the country. The main reason continues to be low RVGE vaccine coverage. We therefore recommend including this voluntary vaccination in the schedule covered by health insurance and also call for early communication of the appropriateness of such vaccination between the paediatric/adolescent medicine practitioners and children's parents.

• Klíčová slova
• Rotavirus, descriptive epidemiology, prevention, treatment, vaccination, viral gastroenteritis,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gastroenteritida * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   virologie   MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• rotavirové infekce * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vakcína proti rotavirům * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• vakcinace * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• vakcína proti rotavirům * MeSH

PURPOSE: The primary objective of this project was to evaluate hospital admissions among older adult clients following entry into formal home care services and to develop a risk scale to predict hospitalization. METHODS: Study design was a secondary analysis of data generated from the interRAI Home Care tool using near national home care data from Belgium, Canada, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand and the US. Baseline sample of (n = 2,928,674) was used to describe the cohort and establish profiles. The follow-up assessments (n = 1,831,766) were used to analyze change and develop the prediction model. Dependent measure was hospitalization within three months prior to follow-up. RESULTS: In the 90-day period prior to baseline assessment, 40.5 % of older adult home care clients had a hospitalization. Within 90 days prior to follow-up, 29.0 % were hospitalized. Final model (HospRisk-HC) based on scale distributions and prior hospitalization, comprised nine categories. Categories 1-5 represented persons without baseline hospital stay; categories 6-8 with baseline hospitalization. Average follow-up hospitalization rates ranged from 8.9 % to 33.5 % for categories1-5, and 50.9 % to 71.5 % for categories 6-9. The eta value was .432. CONCLUSIONS: HospRisk-HC scale differentiates between those with significantly lower and higher likelihood of hospitalization. Early identification of older adults most at risk for hospitalization helps direct attention and allocation of resources for efficient and effective home care service use.

• Klíčová slova
• ED visit risk prediction, Home Care Services, Hospital admission risk prediction, InterRAI,
• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• hospitalizace * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• internacionalita * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• služby domácí péče * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Belgie MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Shigellosis is a highly contagious diarrheal disease, which could potentially be very serious. Considering the onethird increase in cases in 2023 compared to the previous year, we aimed to provide an update on the disease and to analyse data on reported cases of shigellosis in the Czech Republic (CZ). METHODS: We conducted a narrative search of the literature in Czech and English, particularly targeting European studies from 2018 onwards. We also analysed data reported under the diagnosis code A03 to the National Infectious Disease Reporting System (ISIN) in 2018-2023. We focused on the main epidemiological indicators, i.e. gender, age, geographical distribution, seasonality, and hospitalizations. Excel (version 2016), STATA (version 17), and Datawrapper GmbH were used. RESULTS: A total of 681 shigellosis cases were reported with an average annual incidence of 1/100,000 population: until 2021, the incidence was slightly higher in women, while from 2022 onwards, the trend was reversed. A significant decrease in cases was recorded in the pandemic years. In 2022 and 2023, the number of cases was slightly higher than in the pre-pandemic period. Most cases were detected in CZ in August and December each year. Of all shigella serotypes, S. sonnei was the most frequently detected (80%), followed by S. flexneri (15%). The incidence per 100.000 population was highest among children aged 5-9 years: 2.6 (boys 2.4 and girls 2.8), followed by 1-4-year-olds: 2.4 (2.2 and 2.6, respectively) and persons aged 25-34 years: 1.8 (males 1.8 and females 1.7). Within individual age group, the average annual specific incidence rates were highest in the Moravian-Silesian and Olomouc regions and the capital city Prague. Hospitalizations accounted for 27% of cases, with the highest numbers in the 25-34 and 5-9 age groups (both 17.9%). The proportion of hospitalized cases was highest in the age groups 75+ (69%), 1-4, 5-9, and 65-74 (32-37%). A 52-year-old man was reported to have die in relation to the disease. Eleven percent of cases were reported in outbreak settings. Thirty-nine percent of reported cases were imported. CONCLUSIONS: In CZ, shigellosis is a relatively rare gastrointestinal disease, with nearly 40% of cases being imported. At present, the threat to public health is posed mainly by the global spread of multi-resistant strains linked to increasing tourism and free sexual practices. Children, immunocompromised persons (including the elderly), and men who have sex with men remain risk groups. Vaccination is not available in Europe. Compliance with basic hygiene rules, especially in collectives and when working with food, is still a key concern. Emphasis should also be placed on the health education, including instructions before traveling abroad. A thorough medical history, early tracing, surveillance, and rational choice of antibiotic therapy if appropriate are essential. In CZ, all suspected strains shall be sent to the NRL for confirmation. Whole genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility testing should be performed on all isolates.

• Klíčová slova
• Shigellosis, bacillary dysentery, descriptive epidemiology, dysentery, surveillance,
• MeSH
• bacilární dyzentérie * epidemiologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Elderly hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) flare and concurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) are considered at high risk of IBD-related complications. We aimed to evaluate the short-,intermediate-, and long-term post-discharge complications among these patients. METHODS: A retrospective multicenter cohort study assessing outcomes of elderly individuals (≥60 years) hospitalized for an IBD flare who were tested for CDI (either positive or negative) and discharged. The primary outcome was the 3-month post-discharge IBD-related complication rates defined as steroid dependency, re-admissions (emergency department or hospitalization), IBD-related surgery, or mortality. We assessed post-discharge IBD-related complications within 6 month and mortality at 12 month among secondary outcomes. Risk factors for complication were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: In a cohort of 654 patients hospitalized for IBD {age 68.9 (interquartile range [IQR]): 63.9-75.2 years, 60.9% ulcerative colitis (UC)}, 23.4% were CDI-positive. Post-discharge complication rates at 3 and 6 months, and 12 months mortality, did not differ significantly between CDI-positive and CDI-negative patients (32% vs 33.1%, p = 0.8; 40.5% vs 42.5%, p = 0.66; and 4.6% vs 8%, p = 0.153, respectively). The Charlson comorbidity index was the only significant risk factor for complications within 3 months (aOR 1.1), whereas mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) use was protective (aOR 0.6). An UC diagnosis was the sole risk factor for complication at 6 months (aOR 1.5). Clostridioides difficile infection did not significantly impact outcomes or interact with IBD type. CONCLUSIONS: In elderly IBD patients hospitalized for IBD flare and subsequently discharged, a concurrent CDI infection was not associated with post-discharge IBD-related complications or mortality up to 1 year.

• Klíčová slova
• Clostridioides difficile, Inflammatory bowel disease, elderly, hospitalization, mortality, outcomes,
• MeSH
• Clostridioides difficile MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• idiopatické střevní záněty * komplikace   MeSH
• klostridiové infekce * komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• propuštění pacienta MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• syndrom vzplanutí nemoci MeSH
• znovupřijetí pacienta statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The aim was to analyse mortality and estimate the life expectancy among people hospitalised for alcohol use disorders (AUD) compared with the general Czech population aged ≥20 years. A temporal perspective on excess mortality was used, covering three recent calendar periods before and during the pandemic. METHODS: Three retrospective cohorts of the target population were constructed using registry-based data. The target population was defined as all adult patients (aged ≥20 years) admitted to the hospital for AUD (ICD-10 dg. of F10.x) between 2010 and 2021. Age-adjusted mortality rates and life expectancies were calculated for the comparative analysis. Official Czech mortality and vital statistics were used for the comparison. A Poisson log-linear regression model was used to test the effect of the pandemic period (2020-2021) on mortality in the AUD target population. RESULTS: At age 20, the estimated life expectancy of the AUD target was 21-27 years less than that of the Czech general population. Excess mortality was relatively highest in young people aged 20-34 years and in adults aged 35-49 years. During the pandemic period 2020-2021, mortality rates in the target AUD increased significantly. However, relative inequalities with the general Czech population did not change significantly. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: People hospitalised for AUD have much higher mortality rates, resulting in markedly reduced life expectancy. During the pandemic, their mortality rates increased even more. However, the increase was no greater than in the general Czech population.

• Klíčová slova
• COVID pandemic, alcohol use disorders, life expectancy, mortality,
• MeSH
• alkoholismus * mortalita   MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hospitalizace * trendy   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• naděje dožití * trendy   MeSH
• pandemie * MeSH
• poruchy způsobené alkoholem * mortalita   MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

BACKGROUND: Optimal management of outpatients with heart failure (HF) requires serially updating the estimates of their risk for adverse clinical outcomes to guide treatment. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are becoming increasingly used in clinical care. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of PROs can improve the risk prediction for HF hospitalization and death in ambulatory patients with HF. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included consecutive patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) seen in a HF clinic between 2015 and 2019 who completed PROs as part of routine care. Cox regression with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regularization and gradient boosting machine analyses were used to estimate risk for a combined outcome of HF hospitalization, heart transplant, left ventricular assist device implantation, or death. The performance of the prediction models was evaluated with the time-dependent concordance index (Cτ). Among 1165 patients with HFrEF (mean age 59.1 ± 16.1, 68% male), the median follow-up was 487 days. Among 456 patients with HFpEF (mean age 64.2 ± 16.0 years, 55% male) the median follow-up was 494 days. Gradient boosting regression that included PROs had the best prediction performance - Cτ 0.73 for patients with HFrEF and 0.74 in patients with HFpEF, and showed very good stratification of risk by time to event analysis by quintile of risk. The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score, visual analogue scale and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System dimensions of satisfaction with social roles and physical function had high variable importance measure in the models. CONCLUSIONS: PROs improve risk prediction in both HFrEF and HFpEF, independent of traditional clinical factors. Routine assessment of PROs and leveraging the comprehensive data in the electronic health record in routine clinical care could help more accurately assess risk and support the intensification of treatment in patients with HF.

• Klíčová slova
• Patient-reported outcomes, gradient boosting machine model, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, outcomes, quality of life,
• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem * MeSH
• hospitalizace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• kvalita života * psychologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční selhání * patofyziologie   psychologie   terapie   diagnóza   mortalita   MeSH
• tepový objem fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH