The aim of the study was to determine whether cortisol and secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) could be used as an indicator of acute stress in both young and adult dogs. Seventeen German shepherd puppies were exposed to the Puppy test (challenge test) at the age of seven weeks. This test has been routinely used to assess the future working ability of potential police dogs. In addition, ten adult females were subjected to 4 minutes of defense training under stressful conditions. Saliva was collected from the puppies and adult females before testing and 20 minutes after the start of testing, using a cotton swab held for 1-2 minutes in each dog's mouth. Cortisol concentrations increased after the test compared to the control sample both in puppies and the adult females. However adult females showed a significant decrease in sIgA after defense training while puppies showed a tendency of increase in sIgA. We propose that salivary cortisol could be used as an indicator of stress in puppies during early ontogeny. It is not yet clear whether sIgA could be used as a useful indicator of short-term stress in dogs.
- MeSH
- fyziologický stres fyziologie MeSH
- hydrokortison metabolismus MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- hydrokortison MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční MeSH
PURPOSE: Human colostrum and milk provide a newborn with immunomodulatory components, ensuring protection and proper development of the immune system. Secretory IgA antibodies in colostrum represent the first line of defence against harmful substances, but their potential spectra of reactivity with autoantigens remains unclear. Here, we characterised the repertoire of natural sectretory IgA autoantibodies in colostrum of healthy mothers. METHODS: The human colostrum samples from 39 healthy mothers were analyzed for autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence, dot blots, immunoblots and ELISA. RESULTS: We found that there is high diversity in reactivities of colostral IgA antibodies to autoantigens among individual samples. Using tissue sections and biochips commonly used for autoimmunity testing, we found that most samples reacted with monkey ovary (79.3%), monkey pancreatic tissue (78.6%), human HEp-2 cells (69%) and monkey adrenal gland (69.0%), fewer samples reacted with monkey liver tissue (47.2%), rat stomach (42.9%), monkey testicular tissue (41.4%), monkey salivary gland (39.3%), rat kidney (32.1%) and monkey cerebellar tissue (17.9%). At the protein level, we detected reactivity of IgA with 21 out of 25 (auto) antigens. The majority of the samples reacted with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, E3 ubiquitin ligase, cytosolic liver antigen, promyelocytic leukemia protein and nuclear pore glycoprotein-210. Using ELISA, we found reactivity of colostral IgA antibodies against examined extractable nuclear antigens, double stranded DNA, phospholipids and neutrophil cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: The broad spectrum of polyreactive natural autoantibodies present in human colostrum may contribute to proper development of mucosal immune system of the breastfed infant.
- MeSH
- autoantigeny imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- autoprotilátky imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- Haplorrhini MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční biosyntéza imunologie MeSH
- imunohistochemie MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení MeSH
- kolostrum chemie imunologie MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- laktace imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- matky MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- proteiny imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- specificita protilátek MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vazba proteinů MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- autoantigeny MeSH
- autoprotilátky MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční MeSH
- proteiny MeSH
- MeSH
- imunita MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin G imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
- Streptococcus mutans imunologie MeSH
- zubní kaz imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imunoglobulin A sekreční MeSH
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- enteritida imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční biosyntéza imunologie MeSH
- infekce imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- sliznice imunologie MeSH
- střevní sliznice imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imunoglobulin A sekreční MeSH
A survey based on both literary data and the authors own results, concerning the mechanisms of sIgA-mediated antibacterial immunity, is presented. Secretory IgA is characterized as a specific component of the immune system of mucous membranes, which can recognize harmful bacterial and distinguish them from indigenous microflora physiologically colonizing the mucous membranes, to fix them to the mucous membrane surface and to direct further factors, such as mucin, lysozyme, etc. (which form the effector component of the mucous membrane immunity system) for their final inactivation and neutralization.
- MeSH
- aerosoly MeSH
- bakteriální vakcíny imunologie MeSH
- fyziologie bakterií MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nosní sliznice imunologie MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální imunologie MeSH
- sliny imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- sliznice imunologie MeSH
- ústní sliznice imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- aerosoly MeSH
- bakteriální vakcíny MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
