Magnetic seed enhancement has been practicing as a promising tool to improve germination and seedling growth of low vigor seeds stored under suboptimal conditions, but there is still ambiguity regarding the prospects for magnetism in oilseeds. Present study elucidates the potential of magnetic seed stimulation to improve sunflower germination, growth and yield. Germination and emergence tests were performed to optimize the strength of the magnetic field to sunflower seed enhancement. The seeds were directly exposed to magnetic field strengths of 50, 100 and 150 millitesla (mT) for 5, 10 and 15 min (min) and then standard germination tests were performed. Secondly, the emergence potential of untreated seeds was compared with seed exposed to hydropriming, priming with 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE), priming with magnetically treated water (MTW) for 10 min and priming with 3% MLE solution prepared in magnetically treated water (MTW + MLE). Germination, emergence, seedling growth and seed biochemical properties were used to select the best treatment for field evaluation. The results of the study revealed that magnetic seed treatment with 100 mT for 10 min and seed priming with 3% MLE solution in magnetically treated water (MTW + MLE) significantly improved emergence, crop growth rate and sunflower yield.
- Klíčová slova
- magnetic field, magnetically treated water, moringa leaf extract, oilseed, vigor,
- MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- Helianthus fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- klíčení MeSH
- kvantitativní znak dědičný MeSH
- magnetické pole * MeSH
- oleje rostlin chemie metabolismus MeSH
- semena rostlinná chemie růst a vývoj účinky záření MeSH
- voda MeSH
- vývoj rostlin účinky záření MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- oleje rostlin MeSH
- voda MeSH
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the signalling and regulation of plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. The photoperiod-sensitive mutant 7B-1 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) showing abscisic acid (ABA) overproduction and blue light (BL)-specific tolerance to osmotic stress represents a valuable model to study the interaction between light, hormones and stress signalling. The role of NO as a regulator of seed germination and ABA-dependent responses to osmotic stress was explored in wild-type and 7B-1 tomato under white light (WL) and BL. METHODS: Germination data were obtained from the incubation of seeds on germinating media of different composition. Histochemical analysis of NO production in germinating seeds was performed by fluorescence microscopy using a cell-permeable NO probe, and endogenous ABA was analysed by mass spectrometry. KEY RESULTS: The NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione stimulated seed germination, whereas the NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) had an inhibitory effect. Under WL in both genotypes, PTIO strongly suppressed germination stimulated by fluridone, an ABA inhibitor. The stimulatory effect of the NO donor was also observed under osmotic stress for 7B-1 seeds under WL and BL. Seed germination inhibited by osmotic stress was restored by fluridone under WL, but less so under BL, in both genotypes. This effect of fluridone was further modulated by the NO donor and NO scavenger, but only to a minor extent. Fluorescence microscopy using the cell-permeable NO probe DAF-FM DA (4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate) revealed a higher level of NO in stressed 7B-1 compared with wild-type seeds. CONCLUSIONS: As well as defective BL signalling, the differential NO-dependent responses of the 7B-1 mutant are probably associated with its high endogenous ABA concentration and related impact on hormonal cross-talk in germinating seeds. These data confirm that light-controlled seed germination and stress responses include NO-dependent signalling.
- MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- cyklické N-oxidy farmakologie MeSH
- donory oxidu dusnatého farmakologie MeSH
- fluoresceiny analýza MeSH
- fyziologický stres * účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- imidazoly farmakologie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- klíčení * účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- kyselina abscisová metabolismus MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- osmóza účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- oxid dusnatý farmakologie MeSH
- pyridony farmakologie MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u rostlin účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- regulátory růstu rostlin metabolismus MeSH
- S-nitrosoglutathion farmakologie MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů farmakologie MeSH
- semena rostlinná účinky léků genetika fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- signální transdukce účinky léků účinky záření MeSH
- Solanum lycopersicum účinky léků genetika fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- světlo * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide MeSH Prohlížeč
- 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate MeSH Prohlížeč
- cyklické N-oxidy MeSH
- donory oxidu dusnatého MeSH
- fluoresceiny MeSH
- fluridone MeSH Prohlížeč
- imidazoly MeSH
- kyselina abscisová MeSH
- oxid dusnatý MeSH
- pyridony MeSH
- regulátory růstu rostlin MeSH
- S-nitrosoglutathion MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
Laser irradiation of soybean seeds for 3 min caused a clear reduction in the number of seed-borne fungi which became more pronounced as the irradiation time was extended. Pretreatment of the seeds with methylene blue, methyl red and carmine enhanced the effect of laser. Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria tenuissima, Cercospora kikuchii and Colletotrichum truncatum were completely eliminated when the seeds were pretreated with a dye and irradiated for 10 min. Seed germination was stimulated on exposure of the seed to 1-min irradiation. At such dose, most of the dyes were accelerators while the higher doses were inhibitory to seed germination. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content of developed plants differed, depending on the irradiation dose and dye treatment of the seeds. In seeds irradiated for 1 or 3 min, chlorophyll a formation was less affected than chlorophyll b formation. In seeds irradiated for 10 min, both the chlorophyll contents were decreased especially in the presence of some applied dyes. On the other hand, there was an increase in carotenoid content of soybean leaves when the laser dose increased. The number and dry mass of nodules were mostly greater (as compared to the corresponding control), when the seeds irradiated for 1 or 3 min were pretreated with methyl red, chlorophenol red, crystal violet and methylene blue. Irradiation of pre-sowing seeds greatly protected soybean stands against F. solani. The disease incidence differed somewhat when the irradiated seeds were pretreated with dyes. The reduction in disease incidence was accompanied by accumulation of high proline and phenol levels in the infected root tissues of soybean, suggesting that these compounds have a certain role in the prevention of disease development.
