Bacterial biofilms exhibit remarkable resistance against conventional antibiotics and are capable of evading the humoral immune response. They account for nearly 80% of chronic infections in humans. Development of bacterial biofilms on medical implants results in their malfunctioning and subsequently leads to high mortality rates worldwide. Therefore, early and precise diagnosis of bacterial biofilms on implanted medical devices is essential to prevent their failure and associated complications. Culture-based methods are time consuming, more prone to contamination and often exhibit low sensitivity. Different molecular, imaging, and physical methods can aid in more accurate and faster detection of implant-associated bacterial biofilms. Biofilm growth on implant surface can be prevented either through modification of the implant material or by application of different antibacterial coatings on implant surface. Experimental studies have shown that pre-existing biofilms from medical implants can be removed by breaking down biofilm matrix, utilizing physical methods, nanomaterials and antimicrobial peptides. The current review delves into mechanism of biofilm formation on implanted medical devices and the subsequent host immune response. Much emphasis has been laid on different ongoing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to achieve improved patient outcomes and reduced socio-economic burden.

• Klíčová slova
• Antibiotics, Antimicrobial resistance, Bacterial drug resistance, Medical implants, Theranostics,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Bacteria účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• bakteriální infekce * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• biofilmy * účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• infekce spojené s protézou * diagnóza   mikrobiologie   farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• protézy a implantáty * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH

It is expected that the projected increased usage of implantable devices in medicine will result in a natural rise in the number of infections related to these cases. Some patients are unable to autonomously prevent formation of biofilm on implant surfaces. Suppression of the local peri-implant immune response is an important contributory factor. Substantial avascular scar tissue encountered during revision joint replacement surgery places these cases at an especially high risk of periprosthetic joint infection. A critical pathogenic event in the process of biofilm formation is bacterial adhesion. Prevention of biomaterial-associated infections should be concurrently focused on at least two targets: inhibition of biofilm formation and minimizing local immune response suppression. Current knowledge of antimicrobial surface treatments suitable for prevention of prosthetic joint infection is reviewed. Several surface treatment modalities have been proposed. Minimizing bacterial adhesion, biofilm formation inhibition, and bactericidal approaches are discussed. The ultimate anti-infective surface should be "smart" and responsive to even the lowest bacterial load. While research in this field is promising, there appears to be a great discrepancy between proposed and clinically implemented strategies, and there is urgent need for translational science focusing on this topic.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Bacteria účinky léků   MeSH
• biokompatibilní potahované materiály farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• infekce spojené s protézou prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ortopedie MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• protézy a implantáty MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• biokompatibilní potahované materiály MeSH