Crossing of interspecies barriers by microorganisms is observed. In recent years, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius-a species formerly thought to be animal-has also been isolated from human clinical materials. Many virulence factors are responsible for the colonization, which is the first step an infection, of the new host organism. We analyzed the factors influencing this colonization as well as susceptibility to antibiotics in fourteen S. pseudintermedius strains isolated from clinical cases from humans and animals. The occurrence of genes responsible for binding elastin, fibronectin, and fibrinogen and some phenotypic features, although different between strains, is comparable in both groups. However, the animal isolates had more genes coding for virulence factors. All isolates tested had the exfoliating toxin gene and the leukotoxin determining genes, but only the human strains had enterotoxin genes. The assessment of antibiotic resistance of strains of both groups indicates their broad resistance to antibiotics commonly used in veterinary medicine. Antibiotic resistance was more common among animal isolates. The multilocus sequence typing analysis of the studied strains was performed. The results indicated a large diversity of the S. pseudintermedius population in both studied groups of strains. Equipped with important virulence factors, they showed the ability to infect animals and humans. The clonal differentiation of the methicillin-susceptible strains and the multidrug resistance of the strains of both studied groups should be emphasized. The considerable genetic diversity of strains from a limited geographical area indicates the processes of change taking place within this species. Thus, careful observation of the ongoing process of variation is necessary, as they may lead to the selection of S. pseudintermedius, which will pose a significant threat to humans.

• Klíčová slova
• Bacterial adhesions, Methicillin resistance, Staphylococcal infections, Staphylococcus, Zoonotic infections,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• stafylokokové infekce * veterinární   epidemiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky * MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH

The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of different Staphylococcus species isolated from pathological processes and lesions in domestic animals in the Czech Republic and to detect and describe oxacillin (methicillin)-resistant strains (MRS). During the years 2019-2020, a total of 5218 veterinary clinical samples from the Czech Republic were tested. Testing was performed by culture methods and typing by molecular phenotypic methods MALDI-TOF MS and PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the strains was performed by the disk diffusion method. A total of 854 staphylococci strains were identified (16.37% prevalence), out of which 43 strains of 6 species of staphylococci were MRS (n = 43; 0.82% prevalence). Of the MRS strains, the most prevalent species were Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 24; 0.46% prevalence) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 7; 0.13% prevalence). Susceptibility testing showed resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and, depending on the species, also to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and enrofloxacin. For further characterization of MRS, PCR assay for virulence factor genes was performed. Seven of the 14 target genes were observed only in S. aureus, except for the eno gene encoding laminin-binding protein, which was also detected in other staphylococci. It is necessary to emphasize the issue of correct using of antimicrobials in practice and antibiotic policy in university teaching and to create stricter legislation that would prevent the widespread use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine, especially in livestock to reduce the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.

• Klíčová slova
• occurrence, organs, prevalence, susceptibility, veterinary medicine, virulence genes,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A group of 59 putative strains of Staphylococcus intermedius/Staphylococcus pseudintermedius deposited in the Czech National Collection of Type Cultures (CNCTC, National Institute for Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic) and the National Reference Laboratory for Staphylococci (NRL for Staphylococci, National Institute for Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic) was reclassified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). There the biggest human collection of S. pseudintermedius in Europe was analysed; 44 samples (75%) were of human origin. Twenty-two percent (n = 13) of the strains were isolated from animals, and two staphylococci were of unknown origin. This study revealed the prevalence of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (94%, n = 53) vs. Staphylococcus intermedius (6%, n = 6) in the collection of human and veterinary staphylococci after reclassification. Results of PCR-RFLP analysis were verified by comparison with a repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (Rep-PCR) analysis on 26 (44%) randomly selected strains. Due to a low-resolution ability of PCR-RFLP to separate Staphylococcus intermedius from Staphylococcus delphini, four isolates of Staphylococcus intermedius were biochemically verified further to exclude the presence of Staphylococcus delphini in the collection. Our results indicate that S. intermedius and S. pseudintermedius have occurred independently over an age-long period of their co-evolution.

• MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   MeSH
• bakteriologické techniky MeSH
• biologická evoluce * MeSH
• DNA bakterií genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů MeSH
• repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Staphylococcus intermedius klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Staphylococcus klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH