A group of 59 putative strains of Staphylococcus intermedius/Staphylococcus pseudintermedius deposited in the Czech National Collection of Type Cultures (CNCTC, National Institute for Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic) and the National Reference Laboratory for Staphylococci (NRL for Staphylococci, National Institute for Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic) was reclassified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). There the biggest human collection of S. pseudintermedius in Europe was analysed; 44 samples (75%) were of human origin. Twenty-two percent (n = 13) of the strains were isolated from animals, and two staphylococci were of unknown origin. This study revealed the prevalence of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (94%, n = 53) vs. Staphylococcus intermedius (6%, n = 6) in the collection of human and veterinary staphylococci after reclassification. Results of PCR-RFLP analysis were verified by comparison with a repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (Rep-PCR) analysis on 26 (44%) randomly selected strains. Due to a low-resolution ability of PCR-RFLP to separate Staphylococcus intermedius from Staphylococcus delphini, four isolates of Staphylococcus intermedius were biochemically verified further to exclude the presence of Staphylococcus delphini in the collection. Our results indicate that S. intermedius and S. pseudintermedius have occurred independently over an age-long period of their co-evolution.

• MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   MeSH
• bakteriologické techniky MeSH
• biologická evoluce * MeSH
• DNA bakterií genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů MeSH
• repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Staphylococcus intermedius klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Staphylococcus klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH

The most frequently used method for establishing epidemiological relationships between Plesiomonas shigelloides strains is O:H serotyping. However, a number of strains are not serotypeable and isolates from diverse sources can display the same serovar. Moreover, since the zoonotic nature of Plesiomonas has been suggested and this hypothesis is based on the identical serovars found in animals and humans, we intend to use four DNA-based techniques: random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR, repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis in order to screen 24 strains belonging to nine O:H serovars isolated from humans, animals, and the environment. In general, P. shigelloides showed a high genetic heterogeneity. Three pairs of strains, each containing a human and an animal isolate, displayed similar genotypes. This is the first report that provides molecular evidence that P. shigelloides may be zoonotic.

• MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• gramnegativní bakteriální infekce mikrobiologie   přenos   veterinární   MeSH
• intergenová DNA MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiologie životního prostředí MeSH
• molekulární typizace metody   MeSH
• obrácené repetice MeSH
• Plesiomonas klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• pulzní gelová elektroforéza metody   MeSH
• repetitivní sekvence nukleových kyselin MeSH
• technika náhodné amplifikace polymorfní DNA metody   MeSH
• zoonózy mikrobiologie   přenos   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• intergenová DNA MeSH

Twenty-eight isolates of Trichoderma belonging to four different species were screened in vitro for their antagonistic ability against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi causing carnation wilt. Three different levels of antagonism observed in dual plate assay were further confirmed by cell-free culture filtrate experiments. Isolates showing class I level of antagonism produced maximum lytic enzymes, chitinases and beta-1,3-glucanases. Genetic variability of 25 selected isolates was assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA technique and the amplified products were correlated for their level of antagonism. Unweighed pair-group method with arithmetical averages cluster analysis revealed prominent inter-and intraspecific genetic variation among the isolates. Based on their genetic relationship, the isolates were mainly distributed into 3 major groups representing T. atroviride, T. pseudokoningii and T. harzianum, with 20-35% interspecific dissimilarity. However, the polymorphism shown by the isolates did not correlate to their level of antagonism.

• MeSH
• antibióza * MeSH
• chitinasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fungální proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Fusarium fyziologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
• Trichoderma klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chitinasy MeSH
• fungální proteiny MeSH

DNA fingerprinting methods, RAPD with 7 random primers, and rep-PCR using both BOXA1R and (GTG)(5) ones, were used for the discrimination of 16 type and collection Bifidobacterium strains of 9 species of human origin, B. animalis ssp. animalis and B. animalis ssp. lactis and 7 Bifidobacterium strains collected in the Culture Collection of Dairy Microorganisms (CCDM). Both RAPD and rep-PCR methods provided similar results. The strains were identified as B. animalis ssp. lactis (6 strains) and B. adolescentis (1 strain). The reclassification of the collection strain CCM 3761 as B. pseudocatenulatum species (previously classified as B. adolescentis) was confirmed.

• MeSH
• Bifidobacterium klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• DNA bakterií genetika   MeSH
• DNA fingerprinting metody   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce metody   MeSH
• technika náhodné amplifikace polymorfní DNA metody   MeSH
• techniky typizace bakterií metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA bakterií MeSH

The relatedness between clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from patients during their stay in a Portuguese Central Hospital was evaluated. Genotypic fingerprinting (M13-PCR), phenotypic methods (biotyping and antibiotyping) and epidemiological information (spatial and temporal links) were used to evaluate the relatedness between 88 clinical isolates (68 patients), selected randomly out of 189. Sixty-two M13 types were found, 12 of them containing isolates from more than one patient. Thirty-four antibiotypes were found, as well as a significant association (p < 0.05) between epidemic isolates and multiresistance patterns. The nosocomial transmission of P. aeruginosa strains may be limited since M13 typing demonstrated a high degree of diversity among all the isolates, suggesting the occurrence of mainly independent infectious episodes. The results show the possible occurrence of cross-acquisition, cross-colonization and cross-infection and suggest an epidemic population structure for P. aeruginosa in this hospital.

• MeSH
• antibiotická rezistence MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   přenos   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemocnice fakultní statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• pseudomonádové infekce epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   přenos   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
• vzorkové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Portugalsko epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA bakterií MeSH

Bacterial species of the genus Staphylococcus known as important human and animal pathogens are the cause of a number of severe infectious diseases. Apart from the major pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, other species until recently considered to be nonpathogenic may also be involved in serious infections. Rapid and accurate identification of the disease-causing agent is therefore prerequisite for disease control and epidemiological surveillance. Modern methods for identification and typing of bacterial species are based on genome analysis and have many advantages compared to phenotypic methods. The genotypic methods currently used in molecular diagnostics of staphylococcal species, particularly of S. aureus, are reviewed. Attention is also paid to new molecular methods with the highest discriminatory power. Efforts made to achieve interlaboratory reproducibility of diagnostic methods are presented.

• MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• rezistence na methicilin MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• Staphylococcus klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Nineteen serogroup 1/2a Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from raw milk, dairy products and salt water in one dairy were analyzed. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and ribotyping were used to determine whether these strains isolated over a 8-month period are epidemiologically related. The samples of raw milk were contaminated by different L. monocytogenes clones. The clones isolated from dairy products (with the exception of one sample) and salt water were identical. Comparative genetic analysis of the clones isolated from raw milk, salt water and dairy products revealed the source of contamination and identified the L. monocytogenes strain involved in this process.

• MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   MeSH
• Listeria monocytogenes klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• listeriové infekce epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
• pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
• ribotypizace MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA bakterií MeSH