This study investigated the therapeutic potential of probiotic bifidobacteria, isolated from Iranian fermented dairy products, in a hyperlipidemic animal model. Bifidobacterium strains were extracted from traditional dairy samples and screened using physiological and phenotypic examinations, 16S rRNA analysis, and probiotic properties such as tolerance to gastrointestinal juice, antimicrobial activity, and antibiotic susceptibility. The ability of the screened bifidobacteria to reduce serum and liver lipids in vivo was tested using male Wistar rats. Six strains of bifidobacteria were isolated from traditional Iranian fermented dairy. These strains showed promising in vitro activity in lowering triglyceride and cholesterol, tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal juice, the ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells, acceptable antibiotic susceptibility, and a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The diet supplemented with isolated bifidobacteria significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), liver tissue lipid levels, and hepatic enzymes in animals when compared to a high-fat diet without strains (p < 0.01). Additionally, the potential probiotic-supplemented diet significantly increased bile acid excretion in the feces and upregulated hepatic CYP7A1 expression levels (p < 0.05), while NPC1L1, ACAT2, and MTP gene expressions in small intestinal cells were downregulated (p < 0.05). Bifidobacteria isolated from Iranian traditional dairy showed potential for use in the production of fermented foods that have hypolipemic activity in the host.
- Klíčová slova
- Bifidobacteria, Cholesterol-lowering, Probiotics, Triglyceride-lowering,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Bifidobacterium * genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- cholesterol-7-alfa-hydroxylasa genetika metabolismus MeSH
- cholesterol krev metabolismus MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- hyperlipidemie * MeSH
- játra metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- potkani Wistar * MeSH
- probiotika * aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- triglyceridy krev metabolismus MeSH
- žlučové kyseliny a soli metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Írán MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- cholesterol-7-alfa-hydroxylasa MeSH
- cholesterol MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
- triglyceridy MeSH
- žlučové kyseliny a soli MeSH
This study aimed to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LABs) of technological interest from Moroccan camel milk and select starter or adjunct culture for dairy product manufacturing. The phenotypic and biochemical identification of 47 isolates revealed the existence of ten Lactococcus lactis, eleven Lactobacillus plantarum, three Lactobacillus brevis, two Lactobacillus paracasei, eleven Enterococcus spp., seven Lactococcus spp. and two Lactobacillus spp. Our strains showed a fast acidifying ability (ΔpH ranged between 0.69 ± 0.01 and 1.22 ± 0.05 after 6 h), high proteolytic and autolytic activities (1.93 ± 0.02 to 9.9 ± 0.022 mM glycine and 15.21 ± 2.21% to 83.24 ± 1% respectively), and an important lipolytic and free radical scavenging capacity. Furthermore, they were able to use citrate, to produce exopolysaccharide, and they exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria and had no hemolytic activity. This study has shown that Moroccan camel milk represents a rich biotope of interesting LABs for dairy products industry.
No common, unique genetic markers applicable to classification and phylogenetics for significant genera within the Propionibacteriaceae family have been suggested yet. Therefore, the aim of the study was to propose those genes in the genera Acidipropionibacterium, Cutibacterium, Propionibacterium and Pseudopropionibacterium. These genera were recently elicited from the genus Propionibacterium through whole genomic analyses. Three housekeeping genes, glyS, infB and rplB, were selected from many others according to the requirements for appropriate classification/phylogenetic markers. Concrete fragments of the genes were amplified using specific primers in most of the type (14) and 11 wild strains (originating from dairy products, human skin and the crop of a laying hen) recently classified into the genus Propionibacterium. Sequences obtained from amplicons were used to perform gene statistics and phylogenetic analyses with respect to applicability in classification, typing and phylogeny. The 16S rRNA gene sequences, still considered relevant in spite of its proven shortcomings as a basic tool for evaluation of bacterial phylogeny, were used as a baseline for comparative analyses. The statistics of the gene sequences revealed that the variable regions of all three genes have higher resolution capabilities among strains examined compared to the 16S rRNA gene analysis. Phylogenetic analyses based on individual gene sequences and their concatenate enabled to distinguish clusters of species belonging to the genera Acidipropionibacterium, Cutibacterium and Propionibacterium, which corresponds with a recently reported genomic study. Thus, the crucial importance of this study is the economically advantageous classification and typing of propionibacterial isolates and strains through the three gene regions in contrast to the requirement for whole genomic assays.
- Klíčová slova
- Propionibacteriaceae, Propionibacterium, classification, glyS, infB and rplB genes, phylogenetics,
- MeSH
- bakteriální geny * MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- genetické markery MeSH
- kur domácí mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- Propionibacteriaceae klasifikace MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- DNA bakterií MeSH
- genetické markery MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
Fungi are commonly involved in dairy product spoilage and the use of bioprotective cultures can be a complementary approach to reduce food waste and economic losses. In this study, the antifungal activity of 89 Lactobacillus and 23 Pediococcus spp. isolates against three spoilage species, e.g., Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Penicillium brevicompactum, was first evaluated in milk agar. None of the tested pediococci showed antifungal activity while 3, 23 and 43 lactobacilli isolates showed strong antifungal activity or total inhibition against Y. lipolytica, R. mucilaginosa and P. brevicompactum, respectively. Then, the three most promising strains, Lactobacillus paracasei SYR90, Lactobacillus plantarum OVI9 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus BIOIII28 at initial concentrations of 105 and 107 CFU/ml were tested as bioprotective cultures against the same fungal targets in a yogurt model during a 5-week storage period at 10 °C. While limited effects were observed at 105 CFU/ml inoculum level, L. paracasei SYR90 and L. rhamnosus BIOIII28 at 107 CFU/ml respectively retarded the growth of R. mucilaginosa and P. brevicompactum as compared to a control without selected cultures. In contrast, growth of Y. lipolytica was only slightly affected. In conclusion, these selected strains may be good candidates for bioprotection of fermented dairy products.
- Klíčová slova
- Antifungal, Bioprotection, Dairy product, Fungi, Lactobacilli, Pediococci,
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Lactobacillus fyziologie MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- Pediococcus fyziologie MeSH
- Penicillium růst a vývoj MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- probiotika MeSH
- Rhodotorula růst a vývoj MeSH
- Yarrowia růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
Pseudomonas fluorescens is a well-known food spoiler, able to cause serious economic losses in the food industry due to its ability to produce many extracellular, and often thermostable, compounds. The most outstanding spoilage events involving P. fluorescens were blue discoloration of several food stuffs, mainly dairy products. The bacteria involved in such high-profile cases have been identified as belonging to a clearly distinct phylogenetic cluster of the P. fluorescens group. Although the blue pigment has recently been investigated in several studies, the biosynthetic pathway leading to the pigment formation, as well as its chemical nature, remain challenging and unsolved points. In the present paper, genomic and transcriptomic data of 4 P. fluorescens strains (2 blue-pigmenting strains and 2 non-pigmenting strains) were analyzed to evaluate the presence and the expression of blue strain-specific genes. In particular, the pangenome analysis showed the presence in the blue-pigmenting strains of two copies of genes involved in the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway (including trpABCDF). The global expression profiling of blue-pigmenting strains versus non-pigmenting strains showed a general up-regulation of genes involved in iron uptake and a down-regulation of genes involved in primary metabolism. Chromogenic reaction of the blue-pigmenting bacterial cells with Kovac's reagent indicated an indole-derivative as the precursor of the blue pigment. Finally, solubility tests and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of the isolated pigment suggested that its molecular structure is very probably a hydrophobic indigo analog.
- Klíčová slova
- Blue mozzarella, Comparative genomics and transcriptomics, Pseudomonas fluorescens,
- MeSH
- biologické pigmenty genetika MeSH
- down regulace MeSH
- energetický metabolismus genetika MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genomika MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- oxidoreduktasy genetika MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
- Pseudomonas fluorescens genetika metabolismus MeSH
- spotřeba kyslíku genetika MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- transkriptom genetika MeSH
- tryptofan biosyntéza MeSH
- upregulace MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické pigmenty MeSH
- oxidoreduktasy MeSH
- tryptofan MeSH
Prebiotics are generally considered to promote the function or viability of probiotics via their fermentation, but their effect on the adherence of probiotics is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of 4 commercially available prebiotics [Orafti GR, Orafti P95, and Orafti Synergy (Beneo GmbH, Mannheim, Germany), and Vivinal (Friesland Foods Domo, Amersfoort, the Netherlands)] and 3 simple saccharides (glucose, galactose, and lactose) on the adherence of 5 probiotic type strains, 2 lactococci starter cultures, and 5 potential dairy probiotic strains from the Culture Collection of Dairy Microorganisms (Tábor, Czech Republic). Adherence was tested in microtiter plates on the following types of substrate: polystyrene alone and polystyrene coated with either porcine mucus or cocultures of the human colon cell lines Caco2 and HT29-MXT (1:9 ratio of HT29-MXT:Caco2). Adherence was evaluated as a change in fluorescence in the well of a microtiter plate. The most commonly observed effect (with a few exceptions) of prebiotics was decreased adherence of the tested strains observed on all types of substrate. The tested saccharides, which are part of the residual compounds of the used prebiotics, had a very similar effect-eliciting a decrease in adherence ability in the majority of the probiotic strains.
- Klíčová slova
- galactooligosaccharide, gastrointestinal adherence, inulin, prebiotic,
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- Enterococcus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lactococcus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- oligosacharidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- prebiotika * MeSH
- probiotika * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Německo MeSH
- Nizozemsko MeSH
- Názvy látek
- oligosacharidy MeSH
- prebiotika * MeSH
Lactobacilli are bacteria with important implications in food and feed fermentation. Detailed knowledge of the lactobacilli composition is of high relevance to food and health control, various industrial or biotechnological applications, etc., but accurate identification of the Lactobacillus species is not an easy task. In this study, three methods, i.e. polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplified 16S rDNA restriction analysis with restrictase MseI (16S-ARDRA), and the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were evaluated for their capabilities to identify Lactobacillus species. After comparison of the three methods on a set of 19 type/reference Lactobacillus strains, 148 strains isolated from dairy and meat products were characterized by PCR and MALDI-TOF MS. The strains were differentiated into nine and ten lactobacilli species by PCR and MALDI-TOF MS, respectively, with nine of these species being congruent. The success rates of species level assignment were 77% for PCR and 93% for MALDI-TOF MS that proved superior in the species identification. However, to differentiate between closely related Lactobacillus species, MALDI-TOF MS needs to be used in combination with genotypic techniques to achieve a more reliable identification.
- MeSH
- Bacteria chemie klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- Lactobacillus genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- ribozomální DNA MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- ribozomální DNA MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), etiological agent of paratuberculosis in ruminants, is able to survive extreme conditions like very low pH (stomach), high temperature (pasteurization) or low temperature (refrigerated storage). Cheese, infant powder milk, cream and other milk and dairy products might thus be considered as possible sources of MAP for humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the survival of two MAP field isolates during fermentation of three different types of soured milk products (SMP; yogurt, acidophilus milk and kefir) under laboratory conditions. Pasteurized MAP-free milk was artificially contaminated with 10(6)MAPcells/mL and survival and absolute numbers of MAP were monitored during fermentation (4 or 16 h) and after six weeks of storage at 4°C by culture and quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). Viability of MAP was determined by culture using Herrold's egg yolk medium and Middlebrook 7H10 with antibiotics, supplemented with Mycobactin J and incubated at 37°C for up to 12 weeks. The absolute numbers of MAP were quantified by previously published qPCR assays targeting F57 and IS900 loci in MAP genome. We herein confirm that MAP can survive pH reduction, however, longer exposure to pH below 4 in SMP seems to be critical because it inhibits growth. Therefore, it is suggested that probiotic cultures that can decrease pH below 4 during fermentation could provide better inactivation of MAP in SMP.
- MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- mléko mikrobiologie MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- paratuberkulóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- pasterizace MeSH
- probiotika MeSH
- sýr MeSH
- vysoká teplota MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Titers of immunoglobulin IgG against phases I and II of Coxiella burnetii were determined in 241 students of the Faculty of Medicine by ELISA method and the respective risk factors were evaluated, e.g., rural and urban life, consumption of milk, contact with animals and gender, which may be associated with exposure to C. burnetii. Phase I antibodies (Abs) were detected in 59 serum samples (24.4 %) at antibody level of 1: 100-1: 400. Phase II Abs were found in 179 persons (74.2 %). The titers were in the range of 1: 100-1: 1600. The titer > or =1: 800 of IgG was used as a cut-off level, and was detected only in 20 students (8.2 %). No significant difference in the prevalence of Abs was detected either between the students living in rural and urban environment (78.8 and 73.2 %, respectively) or between males and females (74.0 and 74.7 %, respectively). Abs were detected more frequently in raw milk consumers (68.1 %) and in students who kept some animals (73.7 %).
- MeSH
- Coxiella burnetii imunologie MeSH
- hospodářská zvířata MeSH
- imunoglobulin G krev MeSH
- klíšťata MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- kontaminace potravin MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- maso škodlivé účinky mikrobiologie MeSH
- městské obyvatelstvo statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mléčné výrobky škodlivé účinky mikrobiologie MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální krev MeSH
- Q-horečka diagnóza epidemiologie přenos MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- studenti lékařství statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- venkovské obyvatelstvo statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- zoonózy MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální MeSH
Isolates from the "farm to fork" samples (182 isolates from 2779 samples) were examined genotypically (icaAB genes) and phenotypically (in vitro biofilm formation, typical growth on Congo red agar; CRA) with the aim to assess the risk of penetration of virulent strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis into the food chain. The contamination of meat and milk products was significantly higher in comparison with raw materials. Contamination of contact surfaces in the meat-processing plants was significantly lower than that of contact surfaces in the dairy plants. The ica genes (which precondition the biofilm formation) were concurrently detected in 20 isolates that also showed a typical growth on CRA. Two ica operon-negative isolates produced biofilm in vitro but perhaps by an ica-independent mechanism. The surfaces in the dairy plants and the milk products were more frequently contaminated with ica operon-positive strains (2.3 and 1.2 % samples) than the other sample types (0-0.6 % samples).
- MeSH
- biofilmy * MeSH
- kontaminace potravin * MeSH
- kontaminace zdravotnického vybavení MeSH
- manipulace s potravinami přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- masné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie MeSH
- mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- mléko mikrobiologie MeSH
- operon MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie * MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- skot MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis genetika izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
