In preovulatory follicles, after the endogenous gonadotropin surge, the oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs) produce hyaluronan (HA) in a process called "cumulus expansion". During this process, the heavy chains (HCs) of the serum-derived inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (IαI) family bind covalently to synthesized HA and form a unique structure of the expanded cumulus HA-rich extracellular matrix. Understanding the biochemical mechanism of the covalent linkage between HA and the HCs of the IαI family is one of the most significant discoveries in reproductive biology, since it explains basis of the cumulus expansion process running in parallel with the oocyte maturation, both essential for ovulation. Two recent studies have supported the above-mentioned findings: in the first, seven components of the extracellular matrix were detected by proteomic, evolutionary, and experimental analyses, and in the second, the essential role of serum in the process of cumulus expansion in vitro was confirmed. We have previously demonstrated the formation of unique structure of the covalent linkage of HA to HCs of IαI in the expanded gonadotropin-stimulated OCC, as well as interactions with several proteins produced by the cumulus cells: tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 6, pentraxin 3, and versican. Importantly, deletion of these genes in the mice produces female infertility due to defects in the oocyte-cumulus structure.

• Klíčová slova
• cumulus expansion, extracellular matrix, hyaluronan, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor,
• MeSH
• alfa-globuliny metabolismus   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• extracelulární matrix * metabolismus   MeSH
• kumulární buňky * metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina hyaluronová * metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oocyty * metabolismus   MeSH
• ovariální folikul * metabolismus   MeSH
• sérový amyloidový protein metabolismus   genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alfa-globuliny MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein MeSH
• inter-alpha-inhibitor MeSH Prohlížeč
• kyselina hyaluronová * MeSH
• PTX3 protein MeSH Prohlížeč
• sérový amyloidový protein MeSH

Objective. Changes in the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) are associated with psychiatric diseases and stress response. Chronic mild stress (CMS) may alter BDNF as well as GR levels in both the PFC and the HIP. The aim of the present study was to find out whether chronic treatment with a typical antipsychotic haloperidol (HAL) and an atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole (ARI) may modify the CMS effect on the BDNF and GR expression in the above-mentioned structures. Methods. The rats were exposed to CMS for 3 weeks and from the 7th day of CMS injected with vehicle (VEH), HAL (1 mg/kg) or ARI (10 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. BDNF and GR mRNA levels were established in the PFC and the HIP by Real Time PCR, whereas, PFC and HIP samples were obtained by punching them from 500 µm thick frozen sections. C-Fos immunoreactivity was analyzed in the PFC and the HIP on 30 µm thick paraformaldehyde fixed sections. Weight gain and corticosterone (CORT) levels were also measured. Results. The CMS and HAL suppressed the BDNF and GR mRNA levels in the PFC. In the HIP, CMS elevated BDNF mRNA levels that were suppressed by HAL and ARI treatments. The CMS decreased the c-Fos immunoreactivity in the PFC in both HAL- and ARI-treated animals. In the HIP, HAL increased the c-Fos immunoreactivity that was again diminished in animals exposed to CMS. Stressed animals gained markedly less weight until the 7th day of CMS, however, later their weight gain did not differ from the unstressed ones or was even higher in CMS+HAL group. Un-stressed HAL and ARI animals gained less weight than the VEH ones. Neither CMS nor HAL/ARI affected the plasma CORT levels. Conclusion. The present data indicate that HAL and ARI in the doses 1 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg, respectively, does not modify the effect of the CMS preconditioning on the BDNF and GR mRNA levels in the PFC or the HIP. However, HAL seems to modify the CMS effect on the HIP activation.

• Klíčová slova
• aripiprazole, brain derived neurotrophic factor, c-Fos-immunohisto-chemistry, glucocorticoid receptors, haloperidol, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, rat,
• MeSH
• antipsychotika * farmakologie   MeSH
• aripiprazol farmakologie   MeSH
• haloperidol * MeSH
• hipokampus MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mozkový neurotrofický faktor genetika   MeSH
• prefrontální mozková kůra MeSH
• receptory glukokortikoidů genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antipsychotika * MeSH
• aripiprazol MeSH
• haloperidol * MeSH
• mozkový neurotrofický faktor MeSH
• receptory glukokortikoidů MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The mutations in gene for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) are the most common etiology factors of monogenic obesity development. Recently, it has been shown that current life style has a significant impact on the phenotype of MC4R mutation carriers - increases the penetrance of the mutations. We aimed to study the impact of the current age on the time of obesity onset among MC4R mutation carriers. METHODS: DNA analysis of the MC4R gene was performed in 268 unrelated Slovak and Moravian obese children and adolescents 18 years and 28 blood relatives >18 years of the probands with a mutation. RESULTS: Three different previously described heterozygous loss of function MC4R mutations (p.Ser19Alafs*34, p.Ser127Leu, and p.Gly181Asp) were found in 3 <18 years probands, 3 adult probands, and 6 adult obese/overweight family relatives. The age of obesity onset in mutation carriers was 1 year in all probands in the children group and 1-35 years (median 11 years) in adults. The age of the obesity onset significantly correlated (R=0.809, p=0.028) with the current age in all of the MC4R mutation carriers. CONCLUSIONS: The age of obesity onset in the present child generation of MC4R mutation carriers is decreasing compared to the age of onset in their parents' generation. This is in agreement with similarly increasing penetrance of obesity in MC4R mutation carriers and it points out to escalation of obesogenic potential of environment.

• Klíčová slova
• MC4R mutation carriers, adolescents., children, obesity,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• genetické asociační studie MeSH
• heterozygot MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mutace * MeSH
• mutační analýza DNA MeSH
• obezita dětí a dospívajících diagnóza   epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• receptor melanokortinový typ 4 genetika   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• věk při počátku nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Slovenská republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• MC4R protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• receptor melanokortinový typ 4 MeSH

UNLABELLED: This review deals with molecular mechanisms controlling three important ovarian follicular processes: 1) expansion of the cumulus, 2) synthesis of the hyaluronan (HA), and 3) production of the progesterone in oocyte cumulus complexes (OCCs). The expansion of the mice cumuli induced by FSH or 8-bromo cAMP is dependent upon a specific factor(s) secreted by the oocyte (called "cumulus expansion enabling factor", CEEF). The porcine oocytes produce at least two factors that have influence on the formation and stability of the preovulatory extracellular cumulus matrix (ECM), although oocytectomy does not alter the ability of the cumulus cells to respond to FSH and forskolin by increased cAMP content, HA synthesis, and subsequent cumulus expansion, The net synthesis of HA, during the FSH-stimulated expansion of the OCCs in the presence of serum, correlates directly with accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the ECM. In pig, insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a component of the serum that promotes the FSH-stimulated synthesis and retention of HA within the expanded ECM by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT)- and mitogen-activated kinase 3 and 1 (MAPK3/1)-dependent mechanisms. Mouse, porcine, bovine, and rat oocytes produce CEEF(s). Possible candidate for the CEEF in the mouse is growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) secreted by oocytes. In pig, GDF9 mRNA is expressed not only in the oocytes but also in the cumulus and mural granulosa cells of the growing and preovulatory follicles, although the relative abundance of the GDF9 in the somatic cells is approximately 4 times lower than in the oocytes. Cross talk between FSH/ epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)/GDF9 signaling pathways is essential for functional activities of the porcine OCCs, since FSH enhances EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR, indicating that FSH signaling pathway may stimulate specific EGFR-regulating proteins. Also, FSH-induced synthesis of both HA and progesterone is reduced but not abolished by AG1478 (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor), indicating that other signaling pathways elicited by FSH are operating in parallel. Furthermore, SMAD2/3 signaling pathway is involved in the control of both cumulus expansion and steroidogenesis in porcine OCCs, since SMAD2/3 activation by GDF9/ TGFβ produced by oocyte and/or cumulus cells, significantly affects gonadotropin-induced HA and progesterone synthesis by porcine cumulus cells. KEYWORDS: oocyte-cumulus complex, hyaluronan, progesterone, cumulus expansion.

• MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• IVM techniky * metody   veterinární   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• kumulární buňky metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• kyselina hyaluronová biosyntéza   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• oocyty metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• prasata * metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk MeSH
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myši MeSH
• skot MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kyselina hyaluronová MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is believed to exert, besides others, positive effects on the insulin resistance or its secretion and glucose metabolism. There are several reports dealing with the DHEA levels and its effects in the type 2 diabetes mellitus, but less information is available on the type 1 diabetic subjects. Recently, a report dealing with the lack of the age-dependent decline of the DHEA levels in the type 2 diabetic subjects was published. The aim of the present study was to answer the question whether a comparable change in the aging pattern of the DHEA and its sulphate could be detected in the type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: The data regarding the DHEA and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) concentrations in the serum obtained from 116 patients with the type 1 diabetes mellitus and 259 controls were gathered from the database of the Institute of Endocrinology (Prague, Czech Republic). RESULTS: No significant differences in the level of the DHEA-S were found between the type 1 diabetics and controls either in men or women. However, lower DHEA levels were found in the type 1 diabetic women, but not in men. The age-dependent declines of both the DHEA and DHEA-S were similar to those in controls. CONCLUSION: In contrast to the type 2 diabetes, the levels of DHEA-S in the type 1 diabetic patients were practically identical with those in controls. In contrast to men, in women, the DHEA basal levels were lower than those seen in controls. The age dependence of both hormones followed the pattern of the decline in controls.

• MeSH
• dehydroepiandrosteron krev   MeSH
• dehydroepiandrosteronsulfát krev   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu metabolismus   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence fyziologie   MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• stárnutí metabolismus   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dehydroepiandrosteron MeSH
• dehydroepiandrosteronsulfát MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Mood changes occur often in the luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Steroids modulating GABAA and NAMD receptors in the brain, namely allopregnanolone, were suggested as a factor of premenstrual syndrome. Another neurosteroid influencing the well-being is dehydroepiandrosterone. In the past decade it was shown by several authors that some dehydroepiandrosterone derivatives, especially those with 7-hydroxy- or 7-oxo group, exert a higher activity than dehydroepiandrosterone itself. It was also reasonable to see whether the levels of circulating 7-hydroxy-derivatives of dehydroepiandrosterone differ in the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Steroids known to exert neuroprotective effects, namely 7α- and 7β-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone, 5-androstene-3β,7α,17β-triol and 5-androstene-3β,7β,17β-triol, were determined in midfollicular and midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle of 22 healthy women with a regular menstruation cycle. RESULTS: Whereas the maternal steroids, dehydroepiandrosterone and androstene-3β,17β-diol showed no significant difference between the phases of menstrual cycle, the levels of their 7-hydroxylated metabolites were significantly lower in the luteal phase. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the observed decrease of 7-hydroxylated metabolites during the luteal phase may be a factor related to the etiopathogenesis of mood change and neurocognitive disturbances, which are known to be more accented in that particular phase of the menstrual cycle.

• MeSH
• afekt fyziologie   MeSH
• dehydroepiandrosteron analogy a deriváty   metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• folikulární fáze krev   fyziologie   psychologie   MeSH
• hydroxylace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• luteální fáze krev   metabolismus   psychologie   MeSH
• plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 7-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone MeSH Prohlížeč
• dehydroepiandrosteron MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, pain, anorexia, and cognitive changes. The enhanced production of cytokines appears before the full manifestation of the disease. So far, any experimental data on behavioral effects of early arthritis are lacking. In the present series we describe anorexia early changes in, pain hyper-sensitivity and altered cognitive behavior during the first four days of adjuvant arthritis in rats (AA), when no clinical signs are yet apparent. METHODS: AA was induced to male Lewis rats by a single injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (cFA) at the base of the tail. Plasma leptin and ghrelin were measured using specific RIA methods. Gene expressions for food-regulatory peptides, neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei (nARC), were quantitated by TaqMan real-time PCR. Pain sensation was measured on all four limbs and tail by the plantar test. Cognitive functions were tested in the Morris water maze (MWM). RESULTS: Levels of orexigenic ghrelin as well as mRNA expression of orexigenic NPY in nucleus arcuatus (nRC)re significantly enhanced on day 2 of AA only. Reduced body weight and food intake persisted by day 4 with the most profound reduction on day 2. The mRNA for anorexigenic IL-1β in the nARC was significantly enhanced on days 2 and 4. Enhanced pain sensitivity was observed on day 2, as was the cognitive impairment given by longer time to find the hidden platform, longer time spent in thigmotaxis zone, and longer trajectory. The less effective strategy used to find the hidden platform was observed up to the day 4 of AA. CONCLUSIONS: Early stage of AA brings about reduced body weight, food intake, and activation of central orexigenic pathways. The observed anorexia could be ascribed to the over-expression of anorexigenic IL-1β which dominates over the NPY orexigenic effects. On day 2 of AA higher pain sensitivity and cognitive impairment appear. All the observed change tend to recover by day 4 of the disease.

• MeSH
• artritida experimentální komplikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• ghrelin krev   MeSH
• hyperalgezie etiologie   MeSH
• interleukin-1beta genetika   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy etiologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• leptin krev   MeSH
• messenger RNA analýza   MeSH
• nechutenství etiologie   MeSH
• neuropeptid Y genetika   MeSH
• nucleus arcuatus hypothalami chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ghrelin MeSH
• interleukin-1beta MeSH
• leptin MeSH
• messenger RNA MeSH
• neuropeptid Y MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Androgenetic alopecia is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, glucose metabolism disorders, and benign prostate hyperplasia and/or carcinoma. Finasteride, used for treatment of androgenetic alopecia at a dose of 1mg/day, is an effective inhibitor of type II 5alpha-reductase, the enzyme responsible for the reduction of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Recent studies reported that dihydrotestosterone, among other activities, might play some role in visceral fat metabolism. It thus seemed reasonable to examine whether finasteride treatment of androgenetic alopecia ameliorates some features of metabolic syndrome frequently seen associated with this condition. METHODS: We examined 12 men with premature balding (defined as frontoparietal and vertex hair loss before age 30 with alopecia defined as grade 3 vertex or more on the Norwood-modified Hamilton alopecia classification). Hormonal levels and metabolic parameters were determined and insulin tolerance tests performed for all individuals. Finasteride (1 mg/day) was administrated for 12 months. The hormonal profile and lipid spectrum were monitored after 4, 8 and 12 months of treatment and insulin tolerance tests were repeated after 12 months of the treatment. RESULTS: After treatment with finasteride the expected changes in the steroid spectrum were seen, namely a decrease in dihydrotestosterone and increase in testosterone, androstenedione and free testosterone index. We observed an initial increase in total cholesterol and HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, which stabilized with prolonged treatment. We founded a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin HbA1c and insulin resistance measured using rate constant for plasma glucose disappearance (kITT) showed only a borderline decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Finasteride is an efficient 5alpha-reductase inhibitor even at low doses of 1 mg/day. In men treated with this dose for 12 months, we observed mild differences in metabolic profile with slight amelioration of glucose metabolism regulation.

• MeSH
• 3-oxo-5-alfa-steroid-4-dehydrogenasa metabolismus   MeSH
• alopecie krev   farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• androstendion krev   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• finasterid aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin metabolismus   MeSH
• inhibitory 5-alfa-reduktasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence MeSH
• krevní glukóza účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy krev   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• testosteron krev   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 3-oxo-5-alfa-steroid-4-dehydrogenasa MeSH
• androstendion MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• finasterid MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin MeSH
• hemoglobin A1c protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• inhibitory 5-alfa-reduktasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• testosteron MeSH

Adipokines play a significant role in the pathogenesis of a low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Among variety of adipokines, resistin and visfatin are proposed as important pro-inflammatory mediators, which also interfere with the central regulation of insulin sensitivity. Resistin has been initially postulated as a risk factor for insulin resistance, however, the subsequent available data on it have revealed contradictory findings in both humans and rodents. On the other hand, visfatin has been suggested to be a beneficial adipokine with insulin-mimicking/-sensitizing effects, but regulation of visfatin production and its physiological importance in the conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are still not completely understood. Despite the opposing effects of resistin and visfatin on the regulation of insulin sensitivity, both adipokines have pro-inflammatory properties. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that the expression and secretion of resistin and visfatin are up-regulated during inflammation and in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. It has also become increasingly evident that resistin as well as visfatin itself can contribute to the inflammatory processes by triggering cytokine production and NF-kappaB activation. New insight into the role of adipokines makes them attractive targets for novel therapeutic strategies in chronic inflammatory diseases or subclinical inflammation relating to obesity and various metabolic abnormalities.

• MeSH
• autoimunita * MeSH
• inzulin metabolismus   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mediátory zánětu metabolismus   MeSH
• nikotinamidfosforibosyltransferasa metabolismus   MeSH
• resistin metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• zánět imunologie   metabolismus   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inzulin MeSH
• mediátory zánětu MeSH
• nikotinamidfosforibosyltransferasa MeSH
• resistin MeSH

There is a growing evidence that both overnutrition and undernutrition negatively interfere with immune system. The overnutrition has been found to increase susceptibility to the development of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, starvation or malnutrition has been more associated with increased susceptibility to infections. In the regulation of immune and inflammatory processes, white adipose tissue plays a critical role as an endocrine organ which produces number of active peptides, called adipokines. The adipokines, leptin and adiponectin represent a critical link among nutritional status, metabolism and immunity. Leptin is primarily known as a satiety factor regulating body weight by suppression of appetite and stimulation of energy expenditure, and its serum levels and gene expression in adipocytes strongly correlate with proportion of body fat stores. On the other hand, leptin is a pro-inflammatory adipokine inducing T helper 1 cells and may contribute to the development and progression of autoimmune responses. Adiponectin plays an important role as an insulin-sensitizing adipokine which production is decreased in obesity and in conditions associated with insulin resistance. Adiponectin also acts as an anti-inflammatory factor especially with regard to atherosclerosis, but in some chronic inflammatory/autoimmune diseases adiponectin may have pro-inflammatory effects and its production correlates with inflammatory markers and disease activity. This review discusses the main biological activities of leptin and adiponectin as well as their contribution to inflammatory and autoimmune processes with particular focus on rheumatoid arthritis and its experimental models.

• MeSH
• adiponektin biosyntéza   fyziologie   MeSH
• autoimunita * MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• fyziologie výživy MeSH
• leptin fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• revmatoidní artritida MeSH
• tuková tkáň metabolismus   MeSH
• zánět * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adiponektin MeSH
• leptin MeSH