Alopecia areata is an autoimmune form of non-scarring hair loss. It is usually characterized by limited areas of hair loss. However, the disease may progress to complete scalp and body hair loss (alopecia totalis, alopecia universalis). In patients with alopecia areata hair loss significantly impacts the quality of life. Children and adolescents with alopecia areata often experience bullying, including physical aggression. The disease severity evaluation tools used in clinical practice are: the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score and the Alopecia Areata Scale (AAS). A SALT score equal to or greater than 20 constitutes a commonly accepted indication for systemic therapy in alopecia areata. When using the AAS, moderate to severe alopecia areata should be considered a medical indication for systemic treatment. Currently, the only two EMA-approved medications for alopecia areata are baricitinib (JAK 1/2 inhibitor) for adults and ritlecitinib (JAK 3/TEC inhibitor) for individuals aged 12 and older. Both are EMA-approved for patients with severe alopecia areata. Other systemic medications used off-label in alopecia areata include glucocorticosteroids, cyclosporine, methotrexate and azathioprine. Oral minoxidil is considered an adjuvant therapy with limited data confirming its possible efficacy. This consensus statement is to outline a systemic treatment algorithm for alopecia areata, indications for systemic treatment, available therapeutic options, their efficacy and safety, as well as the duration of the therapy.

• MeSH
• alopecia areata * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• alopecie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• azathioprin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• inhibitory Janus kinas * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• minoxidil terapeutické užití   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• azathioprin MeSH
• inhibitory Janus kinas * MeSH
• minoxidil MeSH

Bimatoprost is a synthetic prostaglandin structural analogue used among other indications to increase eyelash growth. The aim of this prospective, open-label study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical bimatoprost in the treatment of eyelash loss in alopecia areata totalis (AT) and universalis (AU). Study subjects applied ophthalmic bimatoprost (0.3 mg/ml) solution to the eyelid margins once nightly for at least 12 weeks (mean treatment period was 30.6 weeks). A total of 16 out of 17 subjects completed the study. Only the subjects with eyelashes present at baseline experienced an increase in eyelash length and thickness. No new eyelash regrowth was induced. In patients with AT and AU topical bimatoprost affected existing eyelashes, but failed to induce regrowth of new eyelashes.

• Klíčová slova
• alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, alopecia universalis, bimatoprost, eyelashes,
• MeSH
• alopecia areata * MeSH
• alopecie diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• bimatoprost škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oční řasy * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bimatoprost MeSH

Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a common and chronic condition. It may impact self-esteem, self-image and quality of life. Benefit, tolerability, cosmetic acceptance and patient satisfaction are key to ensure good treatment outcome. Hair loss improvement and hair quality with AC5 (2,4-Diamino-Pyrimidine-N-Oxyde, arginine, 6-O glucose linoleate (SP94), piroctone olamine and Vichy mineralizing water) once daily was assessed in 527 subjects with mild AGA in an open-label, observational, international real-life study. After 3 months, investigators evaluated the impact of AC5 on hair loss, product satisfaction and asked subjects about local tolerance; subjects assessed hair growth and quality and satisfaction. Data from 357 subjects were evaluable for the benefit analysis; 59.9% of subjects were female; the mean age was 33.6±8.7 years. Duration of hair loss was 1.62±2.24 years. 71.3% of women had a Ludwig score of 1 and 40.8% of men had a Hamilton Norwood score of 2. At the end of study, hair loss was reduced in 89.0% of subjects; it was slightly higher in women (92.5%) than in men (83.8%). Subject satisfaction on a scale from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 10 (completely satisfied) was 7.9±1.7. Tolerance was rated good to very good by 98.6% of all subjects. In conclusion, AC5 reduces mild AGA in both men and women with a pleasant texture. AC5 was well tolerated and highly appreciated.

• Klíčová slova
• AC5, alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, female pattern hair loss,
• MeSH
• alopecie * farmakoterapie   terapie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kvalita života * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• spokojenost pacientů MeSH
• vlasy, chlupy MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

Damage and loss of hair (alopecia) is a predictable adverse event of oncological therapy. It can be caused by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted and hormonal therapy. From the point of view of patients with malignant disease, hair loss is one of the most feared side effects and adversely affects their mental health. Hair loss can be diffuse, complete, partial, or regional. Worsening of hair quality, cutaneous inflammation, and scarring can also occur. Eyelashes, eyebrows, and body hair can also be lost. Alopecia is mostly reversible, but permanent damage can occur depending on the type, overall length, and dose of oncological treatment and other factors. The risk of alopecia is high with high-dose docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, but low with platinum chemotherapy, melphalan, and capecitabin. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy can cause immune-mediated alopecia such as alopecia areata and scarring alopecia as well as paradoxically hypertrichosis and trichomegaly. Physical and pharmacological approaches can be used to prevent and treat alopecia; however, their effectiveness and availability are limited. Modern radiotherapy scalp-sparing methods minimize hair loss. Good results have been obtained with scalp cooling, which reduces the toxic effects of cytostatic agents on hair follicles during short infusion regimens. Several systems cool the scalp to less than 22°C. Minoxidil accelerates hair regrowth and is used as a topical therapy. Psychological support and provision of cosmetically acceptable head coverings are also very important.

• Klíčová slova
• adverse effects, alopecia, chemotherapy, hirsutism, hormonal therapy, quality of life, radiotherapy, targeted therapy,
• MeSH
• alopecie farmakoterapie   etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• minoxidil terapeutické užití   MeSH
• nádory farmakoterapie   radioterapie   MeSH
• protinádorové látky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• radioterapie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• minoxidil MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH

• MeSH
• alopecie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom etiologie   MeSH
• mezoterapie * MeSH
• nádory kůže etiologie   MeSH
• skalp patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Androgenetic alopecia is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, glucose metabolism disorders, and benign prostate hyperplasia and/or carcinoma. Finasteride, used for treatment of androgenetic alopecia at a dose of 1mg/day, is an effective inhibitor of type II 5alpha-reductase, the enzyme responsible for the reduction of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Recent studies reported that dihydrotestosterone, among other activities, might play some role in visceral fat metabolism. It thus seemed reasonable to examine whether finasteride treatment of androgenetic alopecia ameliorates some features of metabolic syndrome frequently seen associated with this condition. METHODS: We examined 12 men with premature balding (defined as frontoparietal and vertex hair loss before age 30 with alopecia defined as grade 3 vertex or more on the Norwood-modified Hamilton alopecia classification). Hormonal levels and metabolic parameters were determined and insulin tolerance tests performed for all individuals. Finasteride (1 mg/day) was administrated for 12 months. The hormonal profile and lipid spectrum were monitored after 4, 8 and 12 months of treatment and insulin tolerance tests were repeated after 12 months of the treatment. RESULTS: After treatment with finasteride the expected changes in the steroid spectrum were seen, namely a decrease in dihydrotestosterone and increase in testosterone, androstenedione and free testosterone index. We observed an initial increase in total cholesterol and HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, which stabilized with prolonged treatment. We founded a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin HbA1c and insulin resistance measured using rate constant for plasma glucose disappearance (kITT) showed only a borderline decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Finasteride is an efficient 5alpha-reductase inhibitor even at low doses of 1 mg/day. In men treated with this dose for 12 months, we observed mild differences in metabolic profile with slight amelioration of glucose metabolism regulation.

• MeSH
• 3-oxo-5-alfa-steroid-4-dehydrogenasa metabolismus   MeSH
• alopecie krev   farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• androstendion krev   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• finasterid aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin metabolismus   MeSH
• inhibitory 5-alfa-reduktasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence MeSH
• krevní glukóza účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy krev   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• testosteron krev   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 3-oxo-5-alfa-steroid-4-dehydrogenasa MeSH
• androstendion MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• finasterid MeSH
• glykovaný hemoglobin MeSH
• hemoglobin A1c protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• inhibitory 5-alfa-reduktasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• testosteron MeSH

Female androgenetic alopecia belongs to the family of scar-less, diffuse, telogenic, hormonally determined alopecias with hereditary disposition. In the androgenetic alopecia, progressive, androgen mediated miniaturization of genetically predestined hair follicles develops. Genetic factors play a role namely in females without the higher serum androgen level. Pathologically high level of serum androgens is usually accompanied with signs of virilization. Hair dropping starts in the fourth decade or earlier. It occurs in the postmenopausal period, after a pregnancy, after the onset or termination of peroral contraception, in women treated by aromatase inhibitors.

• MeSH
• alopecie diagnóza   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common dermatological condition affecting both men and women. In the case of men, up to 30% over the age of 30 and more than 50% over the age of 50 are affected. AGA also affects women although clinical signs are usually milder and associated with diffuse thinning of the scalp hair. AGA invariably causes serious psychological problems especially in women. By far the most promising approaches to the treatment of baldness in men are drug therapies, such as topical minoxidil and finasteride administered systemically. Mild to moderate AGA in women can be treated with antiandrogens and/or topical minoxidil with good results in many cases.

• MeSH
• alopecie farmakoterapie   psychologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• finasterid terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inhibitory 5-alfa-reduktasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• minoxidil terapeutické užití   MeSH
• vazodilatancia terapeutické užití   MeSH
• vlasový folikul účinky léků   MeSH
• vlasy, chlupy účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• finasterid MeSH
• inhibitory 5-alfa-reduktasy MeSH
• inhibitory enzymů MeSH
• minoxidil MeSH
• vazodilatancia MeSH

Human hair morphogenesis is a dynamic process caused by the remodelling of the skin. Hair growth is cyclic in mammals consisting of three distinct stages: an active stage (anagen), a regressive stage (catagen), and a resting stage (telogen). One disorder in this process is gradual balding of the scalp called androgenetic alopecia. Little is known about the cell biological or molecular mechanisms involved and thus very little treatment is currently available. In this review we focus on the most significant parameters affecting hair growth which participate in baldness.

• MeSH
• alopecie farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vlasy, chlupy růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• alopecia areata farmakoterapie   MeSH
• alopecie farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dinitrochlorbenzen terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• imunizace MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nitrobenzeny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dinitrochlorbenzen MeSH
• nitrobenzeny MeSH