• MeSH
• celková dávka radioterapie normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu terapeutické užití   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH

Fungicide azoxystrobin toxicity was monitored by means of a 96-h biotest with Artemia franciscana nauplius stages after exposure to solutions with concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mg L(-1) irradiated with (60)Co gamma radiation with doses of 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 kGy. The effects of ionization radiation on azoxystrobin toxicity were mainly manifested by a statistically significant reduction of lethality after 72- and 96-h exposure. A maximum reduction of lethality of 72 % was achieved using doses of 1-5 kGy for an azoxystrobin initial concentration of 0.4 mg L(-1) and after 72 h of exposure. At a 96-h exposure, a difference of lethal effects reached up to 70 % for a dose of 10 kGy. The observed effect of gamma ionizing radiation on azoxystrobin toxicity suggest that this approach can be applied as an alternative for a reduction of azoxystrobin residua in food.

• Klíčová slova
• 60Co gamma radiation, Biotest, Fungicide azoxystrobin, Nauplius stages Artemia franciscana,
• MeSH
• analýza potravin MeSH
• antifungální látky chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• Artemia účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• ionizující záření MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• LD50 MeSH
• methakryláty chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
• pyrimidiny chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• strobiluriny MeSH
• vztah dávky záření a odpovědi MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• záření gama * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antifungální látky MeSH
• azoxystrobin MeSH Prohlížeč
• methakryláty MeSH
• pyrimidiny MeSH
• strobiluriny MeSH

• MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• oční čočka analýza   patologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
• velikost orgánu účinky záření   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH

Male rats of the Wistar strain were continuously irradiated with an exposure of 0.57 Gy (60 R) of gamma-rays from a 60Co source. Irradiation lasted from 1 to 50 days in an experimental field, in which control animals shielded from radiation were also placed. After a 16-h starvation, concentration of glucose in the blood and of glycogen in the liver and heart was determined 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 25, 32, 39 and 50 days after the beginning of irradiation. Concentration of blood glucose in irradiated rats did not practically differ from that of control animals during the whole period of investigation. Concentration of liver glycogen in irradiated animals was higher than that of the controls during all time intervals, except for day 1. Values of glycogen in the heart muscle were approximately identical in irradiated and control rats, except for day 21, on which they sharply increased in the irradiated animals. In addition to the investigation of blood glucose and tissue glycogen during continuous irradiation, we followed these parameters immediately, and 1, 6 and 12 months after continuous irradiation with a daily exposure of 0.57 Gy (60 R) up to a total exposure of 14.35 Gy (1 500 R) of gamma-rays. Considerably higher values of liver glycogen were detected in irradiated rats immediately and 1 and 6 months after the end of irradiation.

• MeSH
• dávka záření MeSH
• glykogen účinky záření   MeSH
• jaterní glykogen metabolismus   účinky záření   MeSH
• krevní glukóza účinky záření   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myokard metabolismus   MeSH
• omezení příjmu potravy MeSH
• svaly metabolismus   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykogen MeSH
• jaterní glykogen MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH

1. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of preparing adult fowl testes for the production of exogenous germ-lines by eradication of recipient spermatogenesis using gamma-radiation. 2. A comparison between several radiation therapy treatments (based on 60Co isotope) of male testes was conducted using gamma-rays of 18, 22 and 26 Gy in a single dose or repeated doses of 5 x 8 Gy over a 15-d period. Sperm concentration and motility were determined after each treatment. 3. Altered spermatogenesis was observed after a single treatment dose of 18 Gy, while single doses of 26 Gy were followed by reduced sperm numbers (from 22 x 10(9) to 31 x 10(6) sperm/ml) within 60 to 100 d after treatment. After a single treatment of 26 Gy sperm motility was reduced by 50%. In contrast, a fractionated treatment (5 x 8 Gy) with gamma-rays halted spermatogenesis 39 d after the distribution of the first 8 Gy dose. 4. Observations of the seminiferous tubules by electron microscopy performed 12 months after this treatment confirmed that moderate doses of gamma-rays (8 Gy) distributed repeatedly (5 x) over a limited period (15 d) sterilise adult fowl testes but maintain morphologically normal somatic (Leydig and Sertoli) cell populations.

• MeSH
• buněčná membrána účinky záření   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chiméra fyziologie   MeSH
• fertilizace účinky záření   MeSH
• kur domácí MeSH
• počet spermií MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
• regresní analýza MeSH
• spermie fyziologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• testis fyziologie   účinky záření   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• záření gama * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH

In our experiment, we deal with the phenomenon of radiation hormesis and improvements based on this phenomenon to different growing characteristics of the fast-growing, very feed-efficient, and with a high-yielding carcass hybrid of the Peking duck (Cherry Valley SM3 medium). In the first phase of the project, we exposed hatching duck eggs to low and middle doses of gamma radiation 60Co (0.06-2.00 Gy) before placing them into a setter in the hatchery. We then followed the standards of artificial incubation. The treatment of our chosen doses of gamma radiation has no significant influence on the history and results of hatching (from 85.5% to 92.6%); it was influenced only by the basic management and husbandry of the parent stock. From our observations we confirm that the Peking duck, despite genetic progress, retained its vitality and robustness. Its embryos are not damaged even with a dose of 2 Gy, which is over the deterministic effect of ionizing radiation for vertebrates. At the end of the fatting period a significant drop in plasma phosphorus levels was measured in the ducks; however, it was dependent on the radiation dose to which the hatching eggs were exposed (r = -0.965). A positive effect of radiation hormesis may be expected in the case of 1 Gy dose where the highest values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, combined hemoglobin, and drake weight were measured. Lower and higher doses of ionizing radiation used did not display these effects.

• Klíčová slova
• duck, hormesis, low-dose radiation,
• MeSH
• hormeze MeSH
• kachny fyziologie   MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• ovum fyziologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• rozmnožování účinky záření   MeSH
• vztah dávky záření a odpovědi MeSH
• záření gama * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• Cobalt-60 MeSH Prohlížeč
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH

• MeSH
• hematopoéza účinky záření   MeSH
• inbrední kmeny potkanů MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
• trombocyty fyziologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH

The influence of various hydroxyl radical scavengers such as methanol, ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide on radiation sensitivity of prokaryotic cells (bacteria Escherichia coli) and eukaryotic cells (yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and V79 cells-Chinese hamster pulmonary fibroblasts) irradiated by 60Co gamma radiation was investigated. The dependence of radiation sensitivity on dose rate in range from 1.8 to 100 Gy h-1 was evaluated. Survival of cells irradiated by increasing dose rates was followed using clonogenic assay. Specific protective effect was found to be a nonmonotonous function of dose rate with typical maximum at the dose rate range from 50 to 55 Gy h-1 in all studied cell types.

• MeSH
• CHO buňky MeSH
• Cricetulus MeSH
• dimethylsulfoxid farmakologie   MeSH
• Escherichia coli účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• ethanol farmakologie   MeSH
• fibroblasty účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• hydroxylový radikál * MeSH
• methanol farmakologie   MeSH
• poškození DNA MeSH
• radiační ochrana MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu farmakologie   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů farmakologie   MeSH
• tolerance záření MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky záření   MeSH
• vztah dávky záření a odpovědi MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• Cobalt-60 MeSH Prohlížeč
• dimethylsulfoxid MeSH
• ethanol MeSH
• hydroxylový radikál * MeSH
• methanol MeSH
• radioizotopy kobaltu MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH
• scavengery volných radikálů MeSH

PURPOSE: To detect the frequencies of interchanges among 11 chromosomes in lymphocytes irradiated with gamma-rays and to find out whether these frequencies reflect the proximity of some of these chromosomes within the interphase nucleus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Exchange aberrations were detected in the first mitosis after irradiation of human lymphocytes with 3 and 5 Gy gamma-rays of 60Co. Two-colour repeated FISH with two differently chemically modified probes in each hybridization was applied. The microscope stage positions of each mitosis were recorded after the first hybridization and used for the automatic scanning of images after all successive experiments. Five images were obtained for each mitosis differing in visualized pairs of chromosomes. Comparing these images, exchanges among 10 chromosomes could be detected. Painting of the p arm of chromosome 21 with the painting probe for chromosome 22 also made it possible to detect exchanges of this chromosome with other chromosomes of the selected group. RESULTS: Frequencies of exchange aberrations induced in chromosomes of the selected group as well as interchanges between many pairs of chromosomes of this group were roughly proportional to the DNA content of chromosomes. Higher frequencies of interchanges than expected according to the model of linear proportionality were found between several chromosomes involved in translocations frequent in different subtypes of leukaemia. CONCLUSIONS: Frequencies of interchanges among 11 chromosomes of human lymphocytes induced by gamma-rays do not indicate as clearly as fast neutrons the non-random arrangement of chromosomes in the cell nucleus. The interaction of a large number of chromosomes in exchange aberrations suggests that the chromatin in the territory of one chromosome is accessible for several other chromosomes.

• MeSH
• chromozomální aberace * MeSH
• DNA analýza   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty účinky záření   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA MeSH

The effects of diclofenac, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, were studied on the acute radiation syndrome elicited in mice by fractional irradiation. Several haematological parameters were evaluated in mice irradiated with 5x2 Gy and 3x, 4x, or 5x3 Gy (intervals between fractions 24 h) from a 60Co gamma-ray source. The animals were treated with diclofenac either before each fraction or only once before the last fraction. The survival of mice was recorded after the irradiation regimen of 5x3 Gy followed by a "top-up" dose of 3.5 Gy given 24 h after the last radiation fraction. Statistically significant enhancement of the endogenous spleen colony formation and of leukopoiesis was found in mice treated with diclofenac repeatedly, as compared with both saline-treated irradiated controls and animals administered a single diclofenac dose, if a sublethal total radiation dose had been accumulated. However, following accumulation of a lethal total radiation dose, slightly impaired survival was observed in mice given diclofenac. It follows from the results that diclofenac is a suitable drug for enhancing leukopoiesis impaired by sublethal fractionated irradiation. Nevertheless, undesirable side effects of this drug negatively influence the survival of experimental animals following a lethal accumulated radiation dose.

• MeSH
• analýza kolonii tvořících jednotek MeSH
• celotělové ozáření MeSH
• diklofenak farmakologie   MeSH
• experimentální radiační poranění krev   MeSH
• hematopoetické kmenové buňky cytologie   účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• hematopoéza účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
• myši inbrední CBA MeSH
• myši MeSH
• počet erytrocytů účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• počet leukocytů účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky záření   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• diklofenak MeSH