Strains of resistant species -- Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis -- isolated from material of nosocomial infections in the surgical department of a Prague hospital were tested for combined effect with further chemotherapeutics. The same concerned Ps, aeruginosa noted, at present, by a high degree of resistance. In Ps. aeruginosa it was the combination sisomicin-carfecillin that proved a success in 50 p. c. of cases as well as that of sisomicin-doxycyclin. At the same time the authors draw attention to the possibility of antagonistic action of the combination sisomicin-chloramphenicol in a third part of the strains tested. Potentiation of the effect in Staphylococcus aureus strains was observed also in the combination sisomicin-carfecillin in more than one half of the strains tested and in case of sisomicin-doxycyclin in one third of the strains. In Streptococcus faecalis strains sisomicin was combined with amoxycillin, carbenicillin, carfecillin and doxycyclin; synergistic action being observed with all those combinations in more than one half of strains tested. No antagonism was registered in those cases. (Ta.).

• MeSH
• aminoglykosidy farmakologie   MeSH
• chloramfenikol farmakologie   MeSH
• doxycyklin farmakologie   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecalis účinky léků   MeSH
• karfecilin farmakologie   MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   MeSH
• sisomicin farmakologie   MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aminoglykosidy MeSH
• chloramfenikol MeSH
• doxycyklin MeSH
• karfecilin MeSH
• sisomicin MeSH

Blood serum and urine samples collected from a group of volunteers treated with single doses of ampicillin and aminoglycoside preparations given separately or in combination were tested for their antimicrobial activity against the reference strains Staphylococcus aureus SZK 76/69 and ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa SZK 444 and SZK 385, and Escherichia coli SZK 326/71. Out of all antimicrobials and their combinations tested the most powerful was the combination of netilmicin with ampicillin. Of the therapeutic combinations used nowadays in clinical practice the combined use of gentamicin and ampicillin proved also effective. These antibiotic combinations appear thus to be best suited for the treatment of mixed Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus infections and of urinary tract infections caused by bacterial strains exhibiting in the in vitro susceptibility assays a reduced sensitivity to some of the antibiotic preparations used.

• MeSH
• ampicilin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování   metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacteria účinky léků   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gentamiciny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kanamycin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• netilmicin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ampicilin MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• gentamiciny MeSH
• kanamycin MeSH
• netilmicin MeSH

The postantibiotic effects of subinhibitory concentrations (PA SMEs) and virulence factor alterations induced by ciprofloxacin, tobramycin and netilmicin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied. After induction of the postantibiotic phase (PA) (2x or 4x MIC) the cultures were exposed to subinhibitory concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3x MIC) of the same antibiotic (PA SME). The regrowth of treated as well as control cultures was followed for 24 or 45 h. In the sterile culture filtrates obtained from these bacterial cultures, elastase and proteinase were determined. Ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides exhibited PA SMEs of 35-35 h for certain combinations of supra-subinhibitory antibiotic concentrations. Longer PA SMEs were observed after treatment with higher sub-MICs. Tobramycin at 0.2 and 0.3x MIC (postantibiotic phase induced by 2x MIC) and at alt sub-MICs added to the bacteria previously exposed to 4x MIC do not allow any regrowth of bacterial culture. PA SMEs of tested antibiotics affected virulence factors of P. aeruginosa. Elastase compared to proteinase was suppressed more effectively. Ciprofloxacin at 0.3x MIC reduced elastase and proteinase activity most significantly (to 14.2 and 60% of the control values).

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• antiinfekční látky farmakologie   MeSH
• ciprofloxacin farmakologie   MeSH
• endopeptidasy účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• gentamiciny farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• netilmicin farmakologie   MeSH
• pankreatická elastasa účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• tobramycin farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• antiinfekční látky MeSH
• ciprofloxacin MeSH
• endopeptidasy MeSH
• gentamiciny MeSH
• netilmicin MeSH
• pankreatická elastasa MeSH
• tobramycin MeSH

Aminoglycosides at 2x or 4x minimum inhibitory concentration induced postantibiotic effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa lasting 3.5-4.9 h (gentamicin) and 0.5-3.7 h (selemycin). Postantibiotic effects of subinhibitory concentrations of the aminoglycosides tested were substantially longer. Some combinations of supra- and subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics did not even allow any regrowth of the bacterial strain. The postantibiotic effects and postantibiotic effects of subinhibitory concentrations of gentamicin and selemycin were associated with changes of P. aeruginosa elastase and proteinase. Combinations of supra- and subinhibitory concentrations more pronouncedly suppressed enzymic activities than did suprainhibitory concentrations alone.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• endopeptidasy účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• gentamiciny farmakologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• pankreatická elastasa účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků   enzymologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• endopeptidasy MeSH
• gentamiciny MeSH
• pankreatická elastasa MeSH