CONTEXT: Catecholamine overproduction in pheochromocytoma affects basal metabolism, resulting in weight loss despite normal food intake. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate changes in energy metabolism expressed as resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients with pheochromocytoma before and after adrenalectomy and the possible relationship with circulating inflammatory markers. DESIGN: We measured REE in 17 patients (8 women) with pheochromocytoma by indirect calorimetry (Vmax-Encore 29N system) before and 1 year after adrenalectomy. Body fat percentage was measured with a Bodystat device. Inflammatory markers (leukocytes count and C-reactive protein) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) were analyzed with a Luminex 200. RESULTS: REE measured in the pheochromocytoma group was 10.4% higher than the predicted value (1731 ± 314 vs 1581 ± 271 kcal/d; P = .004). Adrenalectomy significantly increased body mass index (P =0.004) and the percentage of body fat (P = .01), with a proportional increase in fat distribution (waist circumference, P = .045; hip circumference, P = .001). REE significantly decreased after adrenalectomy (1731 ± 314 vs 1539 ± 215 kcal/d; P = .002), even after adjustments in body surface and body weight (P < .001). After adrenalectomy, we found a significant decrease in leukocyte counts (P = .014) and in the levels of TNF-α (P < .001), IL-6 (P = .048), and IL-8 (P = .007) but not C-reactive protein (P = .09). No significant correlations among calorimetry parameters, hormones, and proinflammatory markers were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic catecholamine overproduction in pheochromocytoma may lead to a proinflammatory and hypermetabolic state characterized by increased REE. Adrenalectomy leads to the normalization of energy metabolism followed by an increase in body mass index and body fat content and decreases in inflammatory markers and cytokines.

• MeSH
• adrenalektomie rehabilitace   MeSH
• bazální metabolismus účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• energetický metabolismus účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• feochromocytom metabolismus   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• katecholaminy krev   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory nadledvin metabolismus   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• složení těla účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• tuková tkáň účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• velikost orgánu účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• katecholaminy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• TISSUE METABOLISM *,
• MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolismus * MeSH
• savci * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• EXERTION *, METABOLISM *,
• MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• klasické podmiňování * MeSH
• metabolismus * MeSH
• tělesná námaha * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has been considered for several decades as a silent bystander that fills empty space left in bone marrow following age-related decrease in hematopoiesis. However, recently new discoveries revealed BMAT as a secretory and metabolically active organ contributing to bone and whole-body energy metabolism. BMAT exhibits metabolic functions distinct from extramedullary adipose depots, relevant to its role in regulation of energy metabolism and its contribution to fracture risk observed in metabolic bone diseases. This review discusses novel insights of BMAT with particular emphasis on its contribution to the regulation of bone homeostasis. We also discuss the role of BMAT in regulation of fuel utilization and energy use that affect skeletal stem cell functions.

• Klíčová slova
• bone marrow adipose tissue, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, energy metabolism, metabolic pathways,
• MeSH
• energetický metabolismus MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň MeSH
• kostní dřeň * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• remodelace kosti MeSH
• tuková tkáň * metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• LABOR/physiology *, PAIN/physiology *, UTERUS/metabolism *,
• MeSH
• bolest fyziologie   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• porodní děj fyziologie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• uterus metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• MUSCLES/physiology *,
• MeSH
• denervace svalu * MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• svaly fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Caddisflies have been included in ecotoxicological studies because of their sensitivity and ecological relevance. The present study aimed to assess the sublethal effects of an anthranilic diamide insecticide, chlorantraniliprole (CAP), to Sericostoma vittatum. Used worldwide, CAP is a persistent compound that has been found in surface waters at concentrations from 0.1 μg/L to 9.7 μg/L. It targets the ryanodine receptors, and the present ecotoxicological assessment focused on biomarkers related to neurotransmission, biotransformation, oxidative stress damage, and endpoints related to energy processing (feeding, energy reserves, and cellular metabolism). Six days of exposure trials revealed that feeding activity was significantly decreased in S. vittatum larvae exposed to 0.9 μg/L CAP. Concomitantly, a reduction in cellular metabolism and a significant decrease in protein content were also observed in caddisfly larvae exposed to CAP, suggesting metabolic depression. The results show that sublethal concentrations of CAP can cause detrimental sublethal effects on S. vittatum total glutathione content at concentrations as low as 0.2 μg/L. Bioenergetics can be used to assess physiological effects of contaminants, and the present results show that exposure to low, environmentally relevant, concentrations of CAP alter energy acquisition and metabolism in nontarget aquatic insects with potential population level effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1584-1591. © 2016 SETAC.

• Klíčová slova
• Anthranilic diamides, Aquatic invertebrate, Biochemical biomarkers, Energy reserves, Feeding inhibition,
• MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus účinky léků   MeSH
• hmyz účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• insekticidy MeSH
• larva účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• ortoaminobenzoáty toxicita   MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• chlorantranilipole MeSH Prohlížeč
• insekticidy MeSH
• ortoaminobenzoáty MeSH

38 obese patients with BMI in excess of 35 were monitored, the patients were divided into four groups. The first three were on a strict slimming diet which different as to the energy values (1.38 MJ--2.75 MJ) and the amount of protein (5.58 g N--17.91 g N) per 24 hours. The fourth group was on a starvation diet. Metabolic balance values and resting energy cut put were measured by indirect calorimetry during 16 days of monitoring. In all groups the body weight declined markedly by an average of 8.2-10.5 kg. Resting energy consumption dropped only during absolute fasting. The starvation diet patients exhibited a negative nitrogen balance. Positive nitrogen balance was found in groups on 11.2 g N and 17.91 g N/24 hours. Fat utilization increased and sugar utilization declined in all groups. Protein catabolism declined markedly only in the fasting patients. Summed up, the low-energy protein diet is--in comparison with absolute diet--a more physiological way to achieving weight reduction, in particular, because, despite the loss of weight, a positive weight balance is achieved, too.

• MeSH
• dietní proteiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dusík metabolismus   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus fyziologie   MeSH
• energetický příjem * MeSH
• hmotnostní úbytek MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• morbidní obezita dietoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• nepřímá kalorimetrie MeSH
• potrava speciální * MeSH
• redukční dieta * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dietní proteiny MeSH
• dusík MeSH

The regulation of energy metabolism in obesity may differ from normal condition in several respects. The synthesis of lipids may be enhanced due to a greater production of insulin, estrogens and cortisol and to a lack of dehydroepiandrosterone. Lipolysis is reduced in obese subjects by a decreased secretion of catecholamines, growth hormone, adipsin and cachectin. Inadequate intake of food and stress modify the T3/rT3 ratio. Oxidative phosphorylation and the production of ATP is modified, thermogenesis decreases due to a reduced synthesis of thermogenin. A decreased activity of substrate cycles and of the Na-K ATPase, is expected. Most of these disorders are normalized in post-obese patients. Many common drugs interfere with energy metabolism, namely those used in psychiatry and all hormones and their antagonists mentioned above and used for a long time. Obesity should not be considered as a simple result of overeating and lack of physical activity.

• MeSH
• energetický metabolismus * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Some implications of cooperative potential of metal ions and electromagnetic fields' radiation (EMF) in carcinogenic processes are discussed. It is known that these factors, chemical and physical individually have connections with processes of oxidative stress. Special attention was paid to possible manifestation within the brain. Therefore, the entry of a few potentially neurotoxic metals into the brain is discussed.

• MeSH
• elektromagnetická pole škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mozek účinky léků   metabolismus   účinky záření   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• těžké kovy aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• těžké kovy MeSH