• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psychologické modely * MeSH
• verbální učení fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Inefficient oxygenation and build-up of waste products are inevitable in a conventional cell culture. The development of a perifusion method for isolated hepatocytes improves the process of oxygenation and helps in end-product removal. For the perifusion of cells, they must be immobilized to prepare a bioreactor model. The present work was directed to testing a hepatocyte bioreactor and maintaining tissue metabolizing activity for periods ranging from 24 to 72 h of continuous and intermittent perifusion and to test the ability of this system for cyclosporin A (CsA), biotransformation and urea synthesis as contrasted to hepatocyte in the culture. Hepatocytes were isolated, immobilized and perifused with William's E culture medium containing 1mM NH(4)Cl and CsA (20 microM). Hepatocytes in the culture were treated in the same way. CsA disappearance from the perifusion or culture media was determined by a HPLC method. Higher urea synthesis rate was achieved by cells in the continuously perifused bioreactor for 24 h compared to culture (0.5+/-0.05 mg h(-1) vs 0.33+/-0.03 mg h(-1), respectively). ALT leakage was lower in the bioreactor model (60 Ul(-1)) as compared to hepatocyte culture (125 Ul(-1)). The ability of hepatocytes in the bioreactor to metabolize CsA was very fast compared to hepatocytes in the culture during 24 h (95% vs 50%, respectively). The present data reveal the higher efficiency of hepatocytes in a bioreactor model as compared to hepatocyte culture. Further research is required in relation to better understanding and standardization of the culture conditions for immobilized and perifused hepatocytes. In addition, the cellular model described here inherits economic and ethical potentials.

• MeSH
• biologické modely * MeSH
• bioreaktory * MeSH
• biotransformace MeSH
• cyklosporin farmakokinetika   MeSH
• hepatocyty metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• močovina metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cyklosporin MeSH
• močovina MeSH

The DEMOD model is a microsimulative model serving to model and prognose the number and structure of households and population. It works on the level of individual households and their particular members. The rise of individual demographic events is simulated in the set of persons representing the population to a certain temporal moment. Then how this influence changes the number and structure of population and households is recorded. The set of microcensus data for the persons and 5 basic demographic events are used in the model: birth of the child, marriage, divorce, death, and migration.

• Klíčová slova
• Delivery *, Demographic Factors, Divorce *, Family And Household, Households *, Marriage *, Mathematical Model *, Migration *, Models, Theoretical, Mortality *, Nuptiality, Population *, Population Dynamics, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcomes, Reproduction, Research Methodology,
• MeSH
• charakteristiky rodiny * MeSH
• demografie MeSH
• emigrace a imigrace * MeSH
• manželství * MeSH
• mortalita * MeSH
• populace * MeSH
• populační dynamika MeSH
• rozmnožování MeSH
• rozvod * MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• teoretické modely * MeSH
• vedení porodu * MeSH
• výsledek těhotenství MeSH
• výzkum MeSH
• Check Tag
• těhotenství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

In animal models, there was observed alteration of various physiological processes caused by microtraumas. Here reported experiment was aimed on the research of link between injection and development of an oxidative imbalance. Laboratory guinea pig was chosen as a suitable model for examining of the oxidative stress. Markers indicating oxidative homeostasis were assayed in the frontal, temporal and occipital brain lobe, cerebellum, liver, kidney, spleen and heart one hour after an intramuscular injection. Common biochemical parameters were measured in plasma samples as well. The most extensive effect was observed in the heart where the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value was more than twice increased after the injection. The level of carbonylated proteins was significantly elevated in the kidney and ferric reducing antioxidant power value was increased in the brain compartments. The enzyme activities in the organs were not influenced except the activity of superoxide dismutase, which was moderately decreased in the brain. In the plasma samples, there was observed increase of the blood urea nitrogen. The results showed significant the influence of the intramuscular injection on a development of an oxidative insult. The injection can be considered as an adverse effect with quite extensive stress consequences.

• Klíčová slova
• Animal model, Antioxidant, Injection, Microtrauma, Oxidative stress,
• MeSH
• homeostáza fyziologie   MeSH
• injekce intramuskulární * MeSH
• játra patofyziologie   MeSH
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou metabolismus   MeSH
• ledviny patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• mozek patofyziologie   MeSH
• oxidační stres fyziologie   MeSH
• slezina patofyziologie   MeSH
• srdce patofyziologie   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• látky reagující s kyselinou thiobarbiturovou MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

• MeSH
• fyzická vytrvalost * MeSH
• inbrední kmeny potkanů MeSH
• kondiční příprava zvířat MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• plavání MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Human malignant melanoma is a progressively growing tumour mostly with a fatal prognosis during short time. Its frequency has doubled in some states of the USA during the last few years. Surgical treatment, which is still generally used, has very low efficiency due to the numerous metastases in different organs. An animal model is a necessary prerequisite to develop a new therapy methods. We have recorded primary cutaneous malignant melanomas as well as extensive metastases in the visceral organs in darkly pigmented laboratory minipigs. The primary skin tumours were mostly multiple and they showed a tuberous nodular form. The regular occurrence of tumours in a progeny of three specific mating types suggests the existence of genetic predisposition to malignant transformation. We discuss the use of this animal model for further studies and treatment of human malignant melanoma by our ischemization technique developed previously.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom patologie   veterinární   MeSH
• miniaturní prasata * MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
• nádory kůže patologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci prasat * patologie   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• hlavní histokompatibilní komplex * MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• akutní erytroblastická leukemie krev   MeSH
• biologické modely * MeSH
• erytropoéza * MeSH
• experimentální leukemie krev   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• virus myší leukemie Friendové * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The biomedical research community addresses reproducibility challenges in animal studies through standardized nomenclature, improved experimental design, transparent reporting, data sharing, and centralized repositories. The ARRIVE guidelines outline documentation standards for laboratory animals in experiments, but genetic information is often incomplete. To remedy this, we propose the Laboratory Animal Genetic Reporting (LAG-R) framework. LAG-R aims to document animals' genetic makeup in scientific publications, providing essential details for replication and appropriate model use. While verifying complete genetic compositions may be impractical, better reporting and validation efforts enhance reliability of research. LAG-R standardization will bolster reproducibility, peer review, and overall scientific rigor.

• MeSH
• biomedicínský výzkum normy   MeSH
• experimenty na zvířatech normy   MeSH
• laboratorní zvířata * genetika   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• směrnice jako téma * MeSH
• výzkumný projekt MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• biologické modely * MeSH
• buněčné dělení MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• kultivované buňky * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• stárnutí * MeSH
• viabilita buněk * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH