• Klíčová slova
• PHAGOCYTOSIS *, VIRUSES *,
• MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• viry * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• ADNEXITIS/immunology *, PHAGOCYTOSIS *, VACCINATION *,
• MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pánevní zánět imunologie   MeSH
• vakcinace * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• ANTIGENS *, PHAGOCYTOSIS *,
• MeSH
• antigeny * MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny * MeSH

A micromethod for testing of phagocytosis employing synthetic hydrophilic HEMA particles seems to be suitable for an examination of rat neutrophils. The normal phagocytic activity was 53.7 +/- 1.4%, phagocytic index 8.2 +/- 0.7, and the number of phagocytosing neutrophils was found to be 74 +/- 5.10(6)/l. Using HEMA particles, an experimentally induced depression of rat neutrophil phagocytosis after cyclophosphamide or benflurone was well detected and quantified.

• MeSH
• cyklofosfamid farmakologie   MeSH
• fagocytóza * účinky léků   MeSH
• fluoreny farmakologie   MeSH
• inbrední kmeny potkanů MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• kyseliny polymethakrylové * MeSH
• neutrofily fyziologie   MeSH
• polyhydroxyethylmethakrylát * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cyklofosfamid MeSH
• fluoreny MeSH
• kyseliny polymethakrylové * MeSH
• polyhydroxyethylmethakrylát * MeSH
• VUFB 13468 MeSH Prohlížeč

• Klíčová slova
• PHAGOCYTOSIS *,
• MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• gramnegativní bakterie * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Phagocytosis is a complex process by which cells within most organ systems remove pathogens and cell debris. Phagocytosis is usually followed by inflammatory pathway activation, which promotes pathogen elimination and inhibits pathogen growth. Delayed pathogen elimination is the first step in sepsis development and a key factor in sepsis resolution. Phagocytosis thus has an important role during sepsis and likely contributes to all of its clinical stages. However, only a few studies have specifically explored and characterized phagocytic activity during sepsis. Here, we describe the phagocytic processes that occur as part of the immune response preceding sepsis onset and identify the elements of phagocytosis that might constitute a predictive marker of sepsis outcomes. First, we detail the key features of phagocytosis, including the main receptors and signaling hallmarks associated with different phagocytic processes. We then discuss how the initial events of phagosome formation and cytoskeletal remodeling might be associated with known sepsis features, such as a cytokine-driven hyperinflammatory response and immunosuppression. Finally, we highlight the unresolved mechanisms of sepsis development and progression and the need for cross-disciplinary approaches to link the clinical complexity of the disease with basic cellular and molecular mechanisms.

• MeSH
• cytokiny imunologie   MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• imunosupresivní léčba * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sepse imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• signální transdukce imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH

Mast cells (MCs) are long-lived immune cells widely distributed at mucosal surfaces and are among the first immune cell type that can get in contact with the external environment. This study aims to unravel the mechanisms of reciprocal influence between mucosal MCs and Candida albicans as commensal/opportunistic pathogen species in humans. Stimulation of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) with live forms of C. albicans induced the release of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-4. Quite interestingly, BMMCs were able to engulf C. albicans hyphae, rearranging their α-tubulin cytoskeleton and accumulating LAMP1+ vesicles at the phagocytic synapse with the fungus. Candida-infected MCs increased macrophage crawling ability and promoted their chemotaxis against the infection. On the other side, resting MCs inhibited macrophage phagocytosis of C. albicans in a contact-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicate that MCs play a key role in the maintenance of the equilibrium between the host and the commensal fungus C. albicans, limiting pathological fungal growth and modulating the response of resident macrophages during infections.

• Klíčová slova
• candida, macrophages, mast cells, microbiota, phagocytosis,
• MeSH
• Candida albicans imunologie   MeSH
• cytokiny imunologie   MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• kandidóza imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• makrofágy imunologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• mastocyty imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• membránové glykoproteiny asociované s lyzozomy imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH
• Lamp1 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
• membránové glykoproteiny asociované s lyzozomy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• PHAGOCYTOSIS *,
• MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was found to suppress the phagocytic activity of the blood monocytes and neutrophils in vitro. The amounts of AFP detectable by immunofluorescence in the livers of nu/nu, nu/+ and +/+ mice were quite comparable, and thus could not have been responsible for the alterations in phagocytosis found in leukocytes of athymic nude mice during their ontogenetic development.

• MeSH
• alfa-fetoproteiny imunologie   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• fagocytóza * účinky léků   MeSH
• fagocyty účinky léků   imunologie   MeSH
• játra metabolismus   MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
• myši nahé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alfa-fetoproteiny MeSH

Immunotherapy emerges as a fundamental approach in cancer treatment. Up to date, the efficacy of numerous different immunotherapies has been evaluated. The use of microorganisms or their parts for immune cell activation, referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs), represents highly promising concept. The therapeutic effect of PAMPs can be further amplified by suitable combination of different types of PAMPs such as Toll like receptor (TLR) agonists and phagocytosis activating ligands. Previously, we used the combination of phagocytosis activating ligand (mannan) and mixture of TLR agonists (resiquimod (R-848), poly(I:C), inactivated Listeria monocytogenes) for successful treatment of melanoma in murine B16-F10 model. In the present study, we optimized the composition and timing of previously used mixture. Therapeutic mixture based on well-defined chemical compounds consisted of mannan anchoring to tumor cell surface by biocompatible anchor for membranes (BAM) and TLR agonists resiquimod, poly(I:C), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The optimization resulted in (1) eradication of advanced stage progressive melanoma in 83% of mice, (2) acquisition of resistance to tumor re-transplantation, and (3) potential anti-metastatic effect. After further investigation of mechanisms, underlying anti-tumor responses, we concluded that both innate and adaptive immunity are activated and involved in these processes. We tested the efficacy of our treatment in Panc02 murine model of aggressive pancreatic tumor as well. Simultaneous application of agonistic anti-CD40 antibody was necessary to achieve effective therapeutic response (80% recovery) in this model. Our results suggest that herein presented immunotherapeutic approach is a promising cancer treatment strategy with the ability to eradicate not only primary tumors but also metastases.

• Klíčová slova
• Cancer immunotherapy, Melanoma B16-F10, Metastasis, Panc02, Phagocytosis, TLR agonists,
• MeSH
• adenokarcinom imunologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• fagocytóza * MeSH
• imidazoly terapeutické užití   MeSH
• imunoterapie MeSH
• kyseliny teichoové terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• mannany terapeutické užití   MeSH
• melanom experimentální imunologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní imunologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• neutrofily imunologie   MeSH
• poly I-C terapeutické užití   MeSH
• toll-like receptory agonisté   MeSH
• tumor burden účinky léků   MeSH
• tumor infiltrující lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• imidazoly MeSH
• kyseliny teichoové MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• lipoteichoic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• mannany MeSH
• poly I-C MeSH
• resiquimod MeSH Prohlížeč
• toll-like receptory MeSH