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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Rubus ser. Glandulosi provides a unique model of geographical parthenogenesis on a homoploid (2n = 4x) level. We aim to characterize evolutionary and phylogeographical patterns in this taxon and shed light on the geographical differentiation of apomicts and sexuals. Ultimately, we aim to evaluate the importance of phylogeography in the formation of geographical parthenogenesis. METHODS: Rubus ser. Glandulosi was sampled across its Eurasian range together with other co-occurring Rubus taxa (587 individuals in total). Double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) and modelling of suitable climate were used for evolutionary inferences. KEY RESULTS: Six ancestral species were identified that contributed to the contemporary gene pool of R. ser. Glandulosi. Sexuals were introgressed from Rubus dolichocarpus and Rubus moschus in West Asia and from Rubus ulmifolius agg., Rubus canescens and Rubus incanescens in Europe, whereas apomicts were characterized by alleles of Rubus subsect. Rubus. Gene flow between sexuals and apomicts was also detected, as was occasional hybridization with other taxa. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that sexuals survived the last glacial period in several large southern refugia, whereas apomicts were mostly restricted to southern France, whence they quickly recolonized Central and Western Europe. The secondary contact of sexuals and apomicts was probably the principal factor that established geographical parthenogenesis in R. ser. Glandulosi. Sexual populations are not impoverished in genetic diversity along their borderline with apomicts, and maladaptive population genetic processes probably did not shape the geographical patterns.
- Klíčová slova
- Rubus subgen. Rubus, Apomixis, ddRADseq, geographical parthenogenesis, introgression, private alleles,
- MeSH
- apomixie genetika MeSH
- biologická evoluce MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- fylogeografie * MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- partenogeneze genetika MeSH
- Rosaceae * genetika fyziologie MeSH
- tok genů MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Asie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
Plant genomes consist, to a considerable extent, of non-coding repetitive DNA. Several studies showed that phylogenetic signals can be extracted from such repeatome data by using among-species dissimilarities from the RepeatExplorer2 pipeline as distance measures. Here, we advanced this approach by adjusting the read input for comparative clustering indirectly proportional to genome size and by summarizing all clusters into a main distance matrix subjected to Neighbor Joining algorithms and Principal Coordinate Analyses. Thus, our multivariate statistical method works as a "repeatomic fingerprint," and we proved its power and limitations by exemplarily applying it to the family Rosaceae at intrafamilial and, in the genera Fragaria and Rosa, at the intrageneric level. Since both taxa are prone to hybridization events, we wanted to show whether repeatome data are suitable to unravel the origin of natural and synthetic hybrids. In addition, we compared the results based on complete repeatomes with those from ribosomal DNA clusters only, because they represent one of the most widely used barcoding markers. Our results demonstrated that repeatome data contained a clear phylogenetic signal supporting the current subfamilial classification within Rosaceae. Accordingly, the well-accepted major evolutionary lineages within Fragaria were distinguished, and hybrids showed intermediate positions between parental species in data sets retrieved from both complete repeatomes and rDNA clusters. Within the taxonomically more complicated and particularly frequently hybridizing genus Rosa, we detected rather weak phylogenetic signals but surprisingly found a geographic pattern at a population scale. In sum, our method revealed promising results at larger taxonomic scales as well as within taxa with manageable levels of reticulation, but success remained rather taxon specific. Since repeatomes can be technically easy and comparably inexpensively retrieved even from samples of rather poor DNA quality, our phylogenomic method serves as a valuable alternative when high-quality genomes are unavailable, for example, in the case of old museum specimens.
- Klíčová slova
- Caninae, Fragaria, Rosaceae, graph-based clustering, high-throughput sequencing, phylogenetics, repeatome, repetitive DNA,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Current pharmacotherapy of rosacea Up to one-fifth of patients in GP surgeries have skin diseases. One of the most serious is rosacea, which can significantly reduce quality of life and increase the incidence of psychosocial disorders (depression, anxiety, social isolation) in patients with this disease. The prevalence of the disease is reported to be around 10 %. Successful dermatological treatment of rosacea is a complex process involving a correct diagnostic assessment, choosing an appropriate therapeutic approach for the patient. It is mainly guided by the severity of symptoms, the psychological impact on the patient and the compliance to treatment. Primarily, provocative factors should be reduced, and dermocosmetics available in the pharmacy can be used as a supportive and complementary treatment. The results of pharmacological treatment are often unsatisfactory.
- Klíčová slova
- dermatosis, dermocosmetics., facial erythrosis, rosacea,
- MeSH
- dermatologické látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rosacea * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- dermatologické látky MeSH
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to address the issues surrounding the diagnosis of ocular rosacea and to evaluate the development of the patients’ condition after treatment, as well as to distinguish between healthy and diseased patients using a glycomic analysis of tears. METHODOLOGY: A prospective study was conducted to assess a total of 68 eyes in 34 patients over a six-week period. These patients were diagnosed with ocular rosacea based on subjective symptoms and clinical examination. The study monitored the development of objective and subjective values. The difference between patients with the pathology and healthy controls was established by means of analysis of glycans in tears. RESULTS: Skin lesions were diagnosed in 94% of patients with ocular rosacea, with the most commonly observed phenotype being erythematotelangiectatic (68.8%). The mean duration of symptoms was 29.3 months (range 0.5–126 months) with a median of 12 months. Throughout the study, an improvement in all monitored parameters was observed, including Meibomian gland dysfunction, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, telangiectasia of the eyelid margin, anterior blepharitis, uneven and reddened eyelid margins, and corneal neovascularization. The study also observed improvements in subjective manifestations of the disease, such as foreign body sensation, burning, dryness, lachrymation, itching eyes, photophobia, and morning discomfort. The analysis of glycans in tears partially separated tear samples based on their origin, which allowed for the differentiation of patients with rosacea from healthy controls. In the first sample, the pathology was determined in a total of 63 eyes (98.4%) of 32 patients, with further samples showing a change in the glycomic profile of patients’ tears during treatment. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated objective and subjective improvements in all the patients. Tear sampling and analysis could provide a means of timely diagnosis of ocular rosacea.
- Klíčová slova
- acne rosacea, ocular rosacea, dry eye syndrome, blepharitis, Meibomian gland dysfunction, rosacea diagnosis, glycomic analysis of tears,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oční nemoci * diagnóza MeSH
- polysacharidy terapeutické užití MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rosacea * diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- slzy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- polysacharidy MeSH
The authors present case reports of two women, who were hospitalized in Department of Ophthalmology, University hospital Hradec Králové for ocular symptoms of rosacea. In the beginning there were relatively severe objective findings in the anterior segment of the eye in both cases - significant cornea graying with superficial and deep cornea vascularization in both eyes. On faces of both patients there were more or less typical sings of general illness. Especially in the first case there were severe papulopustules with crust all over the face. Subjectively Patients describe characteristic symptoms of dry eye. After dermatological consultation local and general anti-inflammatory treatment was set with consequent condition improving in both cases patients. In both cases we use two different general therapy formula according to literature (Azitromycin x Doxyhexal). In one case report, we found distinctive non-compliance during aftercare on our department with serious consequences. The purpose of our report is to point out ocular complications of rosacea and importance of oftalmologist´s and dermatologist´s cooperation during therapy of this illness with can lead to permanent damage of front segment of the eye and significant loss of visual acuity.
- Klíčová slova
- dry eye, eye rosacea treatment, face rash, rosacea,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oftalmologie * MeSH
- rohovka MeSH
- rosacea * komplikace diagnóza MeSH
- syndromy suchého oka * MeSH
- zraková ostrost MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Hybridization associated with polyploidization and apomixis is a frequent mechanism of speciation. Sorbus is a genus with ongoing hybridization resulting in a polyploid complex with different parental lineage. Triparens is the smallest hybridogenous subgenus of Sorbus so far known to comprise only two taxa, S. intermedia and S. × liljeforsii that combine the genomes of three taxa (S. aria agg., S. aucuparia and S. torminalis). To elucidate the origins of S. dacica, S. paxiana and S. tauricola, three new trigenomic candidates formerly believed to be of biparental origin with either S. aria agg. × S. aucuparia or S. aria agg. × S. torminalis lineage we combined data from HPLC and chloroplast DNA analysing additional 33 related taxa as well. We concluded that the 'torminalis-type' flavonoid profile and the 'aucuparia-type' plastid indicate the participation of both S. torminalis and S. aucuparia resulting in the formation of S. dacica, S. paxiana and S. tauricola. Sorbus aria agg. as the third ancestor and as a necessary link to meet genes of S. torminalis and S. aucuparia in one genome is obvious from morphological features (densely tomentose undersides of leaves). The tetraploid cytotypes and obligate pseudogamy of S. dacica and S. paxiana were determined by flow cytometry and are published here for the first time. The most probable evolutionary scenario for Triparens species is: 1. a diploid sexual S. aucuparia as pollen acceptor hybridized with a tetraploid apomictic taxon from the S. aria agg. producing a triploid apomictic taxon with 'aucuparia-type' plastid inherited maternally; 2. during a second crossing event this subgenus Soraria hybrid as maternal progenitor hybridized with the sexual diploid S. torminalis (providing gene(s) of apigenin O-glucuronide synthesis) forming a tetraploid Triparens hybrid with 'aucuparia-type' plastid and 'torminalis-type' flavonoids.
- Klíčová slova
- Chloroplast inheritance, Flavonoids, Multiple origin, Polyploidy, Pseudogamy, Sorbus subg. Triparens, Taxonomy, Triparental hybridization,
- MeSH
- hybridizace genetická * MeSH
- Sorbus chemie klasifikace genetika MeSH
- tetraploidie MeSH
- vznik druhů (genetika) * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The paper deals with the isolation of constituents from light petrol and methanol extracts of the leaves of Holodiscus discolor (PURSH) MAXIM., Rosaceae. beta-sitosterol and taraxasterol were isolated from the light petrol extract, luteolin-7-O-glucoside was isolated from the methanol extract. The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic means and by comparison with authentic samples.
- MeSH
- flavonoidy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- glukosidy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- léčivé rostliny chemie MeSH
- listy rostlin chemie MeSH
- luteolin * MeSH
- Rosaceae chemie MeSH
- sitosteroly izolace a purifikace MeSH
- steroly izolace a purifikace MeSH
- triterpeny izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- flavonoidy MeSH
- gamma-sitosterol MeSH Prohlížeč
- glukosidy MeSH
- luteolin-7-glucoside MeSH Prohlížeč
- luteolin * MeSH
- sitosteroly MeSH
- steroly MeSH
- taraxasterol MeSH Prohlížeč
- triterpeny MeSH
Intralymphatic histiocytosis is a rare reactive skin condition characterized by a nonspecific clinical presentation and, microscopically, by the collections of mononuclear histiocytes within the lumina of dilated lymphatic vessels. We report a rare case of intralymphatic histiocytosis associated with rosacea and prominent periocular edema (Morbihan disease). The patient is a 56-year-old woman with a 12-year history of rosacea who suddenly developed edema of the right upper eyelid that persisted 6 months before she sought medical advice. Because of an unclear clinical diagnosis, surgical excision of the edematous upper eyelid was performed. The histologic slides showed interstitial edema of the dermis with dilated vascular channels and small epithelioid cell granulomas around hair follicles. In addition, there were aggregates of cells inside numerous lymphatic vessels that were immunohistochemically positive for CD45, CD4, CD68, CD163, CD64, CD14, CD11c, and lysozyme and negative for CD3, CD20, CD30, CD56, S100, CD1a, and langerin.
