BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to analyse the influence of air temperature and implemented veterinary measures on salmonellosis incidence in the Czech Republic (CZ). METHODS: We conducted a descriptive analysis of salmonellosis as reported to the Czech national surveillance system during 1998-2017 and evaluated the influence of applied veterinary measures (started in January 2008) on salmonellosis incidence by comparing two 9-year periods (1998-2006, 2009-2017). Using a generalized additive model, we analysed association between monthly mean air temperature and log-transformed salmonellosis incidence over the entire twenty-year period. RESULTS: A total of 410,533 salmonellosis cases were reported during the study period in the CZ. Annual mean incidences of salmonellosis were 313.0/100,000 inhabitants before and 99.0/100,000 inhabitants after implementation of the veterinary measures. The time course of incidence was non-linear, with a sharp decline during 2006-2010. Significant association was found between disease incidence and air temperature. On average, the data indicated that within a common temperature range every 1 °C rise in air temperature contributed to a significant 6.2% increase in salmonellosis cases. CONCLUSIONS: Significant non-linear effects of annual trend, within-year seasonality, and air temperature on the incidence of salmonellosis during 1998-2017 were found. Our study also demonstrates significant direct effect of preventive veterinary measures taken in poultry in reducing incidence of human salmonellosis in the CZ. The annual mean number of salmonellosis cases in the period after introducing the veterinary measures was only 32.5% of what it had been in the previous period.

• Klíčová slova
• Gastrointestinal infections, Salmonellosis, Temperature, Veterinary measures, Weather,
• MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• salmonelóza * epidemiologie   MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Salmonella spp. are a common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. In infants, Salmonella infection is uncommon, posing a higher risk for a severe course. The authors present a case of a 3-month-old infant with suspected Salmonella sepsis. Also discussed are the correct approach to therapy and potential errors in the treatment of the youngest age groups.

• MeSH
• bakteriemie mikrobiologie   MeSH
• gastroenteritida mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Salmonella * MeSH
• salmonelóza patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

The submitted study analyzes a salmonellosis epidemic with a nosocomial character of occurrence on newborn ward Area National Health Authority in Trencín with an unusual factor of infection transmission--mother's milk. At the same time the authors point out the possibility of inapparent disease manifestation in connection with the stopped intake of mother's milk.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• salmonelóza epidemiologie   přenos   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Although gastroenteritis is considered to be a non-surgical disease, rare complications necessitating surgical intervention may occur. CASE REPORT: We present a patient who underwent acute small bowel resection due to an abdominal abscess, which developed in association with Salmonella enteritis.

• Klíčová slova
• abscess, acute abdomen, salmonella infection,
• MeSH
• břicho MeSH
• břišní absces * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• salmonelóza komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Reported is a case of enteritis caused by Salmonella Oranienburg in an approximately one-month-old infant due to indirect contact with reptiles. An epidemiological investigation included tests of faeces of bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) kept in the patient's household that revealed Salmonella Oranienburg. The comparison of Salmonella isolates obtained from the infant's stools and the reptiles' faeces using macrorestriction analysis showed 100% similarity, confirming that the reptiles were the source of the infection. The transfer of Salmonella was probably indirect through the other family members. The detection of rare Salmonella serotypes should -lead to inclusion of less common sources of infection such as reptiles into epidemiological investigations.

• MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• ještěři mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Salmonella izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• salmonelová infekce u zvířat mikrobiologie   přenos   MeSH
• salmonelóza mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zoonózy MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• SALMONELLA INFECTIONS/epidemiology *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• otrava salmonelou * MeSH
• Salmonella typhi * MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium * MeSH
• Salmonella * MeSH
• salmonelóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• sociální prostředí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• BIRDS/diseases *, ORNITHOSIS/epidemiology *, SALMONELLA INFECTIONS *,
• MeSH
• Charadriiformes * MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• nemoci ptáků * MeSH
• otrava salmonelou * MeSH
• psitakóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• salmonelóza * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In spring 2016, Greece reported an outbreak caused by a previously undescribed Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype (antigenic formula 11:z41:e,n,z15) via the Epidemic Intelligence Information System for Food- and Waterborne Diseases and Zoonoses (EPIS-FWD), with epidemiological evidence for sesame products as presumptive vehicle. Subsequently, Germany, Czech Republic, Luxembourg and the United Kingdom (UK) reported infections with this novel serotype via EPIS-FWD. Concerned countries in collaboration with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adopted a common outbreak case definition. An outbreak case was defined as a laboratory-confirmed notification of the novel Salmonella serotype. Between March 2016 and April 2017, 47 outbreak cases were notified (Greece: n = 22; Germany: n = 13; Czech Republic: n = 5; Luxembourg: n = 4; UK: n = 3). Whole genome sequencing revealed the very close genetic relatedness of isolates from all affected countries. Interviews focusing on sesame product consumption, suspicious food item testing and trace-back analysis following Salmonella spp. detection in food products identified a company in Greece where sesame seeds from different countries were processed. Through European collaboration, it was possible to identify and recall sesame spread as one contaminated food item serving as vehicle of infection and trace it back to its origin.

• Klíčová slova
• Salmonella, Salmonella Vari, food-borne infections, outbreaks, salmonellosis, sesame,
• MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• otrava salmonelou epidemiologie   MeSH
• Salmonella enterica klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• salmonelóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• sekvenování celého genomu MeSH
• séroskupina MeSH
• sérotypizace MeSH
• Sesamum mikrobiologie   MeSH
• surveillance populace metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa epidemiologie   MeSH

The germ-free pig model is shown to be useful for studying salmonellosis. The immune status of germ-free and infected gnotobiotic piglets is described. The regulatory role of cytokine is discussed and compared with our experimental findings.

• MeSH
• B-lymfocyty mikrobiologie   MeSH
• imunoglobulin A krev   MeSH
• imunoglobulin G krev   MeSH
• imunoglobulin M krev   MeSH
• interferon gama krev   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech * MeSH
• organismy bez specifických patogenů MeSH
• prasata * MeSH
• protilátky bakteriální krev   MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium imunologie   MeSH
• salmonelová infekce u zvířat imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• TNF-alfa metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• imunoglobulin A MeSH
• imunoglobulin G MeSH
• imunoglobulin M MeSH
• interferon gama MeSH
• protilátky bakteriální MeSH
• TNF-alfa MeSH

In 2012, the Brno laboratory of the National Institute of Public Health investigated 143 human and 10 food-borne Salmonella strains. All strains were linked to salmonellosis outbreaks in various areas or represented rare serotypes that had emerged more often in some periods. These strains were matched to 22 outbreaks reported in the Czech Republic. Phenotyping and genotyping revealed that the cause of most outbreaks (82%) was the serotype Enteritidis, but other serotypes that are rare in the Czech Republic (S. Mikawasima, S. 9,12:l,v:-, S. Indiana, or S. Stanley) were also involved in some outbreaks.

• MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• otrava salmonelou epidemiologie   MeSH
• Salmonella enteritidis klasifikace   MeSH
• salmonelóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH