BACKGROUND: Chronic undernutrition leads to growth hormone resistance and poor growth in children, which has been shown to be modulated by microbiota. We studied whether Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (Lf CECT5716), isolated from mother's breast milk, could promote juvenile growth through the modulation of lipid absorption in a model of starvation. METHODS: Germ-free (GF) Drosophila melanogaster larvae were inoculated with Lf CECT5716 in conditions of undernutrition with and without infant formula. The impact of Lf CECT5716 on larval growth was assessed 7 days after egg laying (AED) by measuring the larval size and on maturation by measuring the emergence of pupae during 21 days AED. For lipid absorption test, Caco2/TC7 intestinal cells were incubated with Lf CECT5716 and challenged with mixed lipid micelles. RESULTS: The mono-associated larvae with Lf CECT5716 were significantly longer than GF larvae (3.7 vs 2.5 mm; p < 0.0001). The effect was maintained when Lf CECT5716 was added to the infant formula. The maturation time of larvae was accelerated by Lf CECT5716 (12 vs 13.2 days; p = 0.01). Lf CECT5716 did not have significant impact on lipid absorption in Caco2/TC7 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Lf CECT5716 is a growth-promoting strain upon undernutrition in Drosophila, with a maintained effect when added to an infant formula but without effect on lipid absorption in vitro.

• MeSH
• Caco-2 buňky MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• Drosophila melanogaster MeSH
• enterocyty cytologie   MeSH
• kokultivační techniky MeSH
• Lactobacillus plantarum * MeSH
• larva mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Limosilactobacillus fermentum * MeSH
• lipidy chemie   MeSH
• mateřské mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• micely MeSH
• mikrobiota MeSH
• modely u zvířat MeSH
• náhražky mateřského mléka MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• podvýživa dietoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• lipidy MeSH
• micely MeSH

As potential probiotic traits of human milk-isolated bacteria have increasingly been recognized, this study aimed to evaluate the probiotic properties of bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from human milk and colostrum. Among 118 human milk- and colostrum-isolated lactic cocci, only 29 were identified as Enterococcus. Of these, only four Enterococcus faecium isolates exhibited bacteriocigenic activity against several pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes. These isolates exhibited high acid (up to pH 3.0) and bile tolerance (0.5% oxgall) in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, demonstrating their ability to survive through the upper gastrointestinal tract. All of the E. faecium strains were shown to be sensitive to most of the antibiotics including vancomycin, tetracycline, rifampicin, and erythromycin, while they were resistant to kanamycin and chloramphenicol. None of the strains showed any virulence (gelE, agg2, clyA, clyB, clyM) and antibiotic resistance genes (vanA, vanB, ermB, tetM, and aac(6')-le-aph(2″)-la). In addition, all the strains were able to assimilate cholesterol, ranging between 25.2-64.1% and they exhibited variable adherence (19-36%) to Caco-2 cells. Based on the overall results of this in vitro study, four of the E. faecium strains isolated from human milk and colostrum can be considered as promising probiotic candidates; however, further in vivo evaluations are required.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky farmakologie   MeSH
• antibióza MeSH
• bakteriální adheze MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
• bakteriociny metabolismus   MeSH
• Caco-2 buňky MeSH
• cholesterol metabolismus   MeSH
• Enterococcus faecium účinky léků   genetika   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• kolostrum mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Listeria monocytogenes fyziologie   MeSH
• mateřské mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• žaludeční šťáva MeSH
• žlučové kyseliny a soli farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• bakteriociny MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• žlučové kyseliny a soli MeSH

BACKGROUND: Breast milk is occasionally considered as a potential source of neonatal infection. Only a few cases of transmission of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) through breast milk have been published. The incidence of GBS in breast milk varies among studies. The incidence of GBS in breast milk in mothers with positive prenatal vaginal swabs for GBS is not known. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of GBS in the breast milk of women colonized with GBS before delivery (GBS vaginal swabs positive) and women non-colonized with GBS (GBS negative) during the first week after term delivery. METHODS: Breast milk from our sample of women was checked for the presence of GBS. A sample of 5 ml of breast milk was collected from each woman between days 3 and 7 after term delivery. Statistical analysis was carried out to test the relationship between bacterial content and GBS status of the women. RESULTS: We identified only 2 of 243 (0.82%) GBS positive breast milk cultures during the study, both in the GBS negative group. There was found to be no GBS positive breast milk in women with positive prenatal vaginal swabs for GBS. CONCLUSION: The incidence of GBS positive cultures in breast milk in the study was low. When comparing the incidence of GBS positive breast milk cultures between women colonized with GBS before delivery and women non-colonized with GBS, we identified only 2 GBS positive breast milk cultures, both in GBS non-colonized women.

• Klíčová slova
• breast milk, breastfeeding, group B Streptococcus, infection,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Streptococcus agalactiae * MeSH
• vagina mikrobiologie   MeSH
• vedení porodu MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Human milk (HM) contains as the third most abundant component around 200 different structures of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). HMOs are the first and irreplaceable prebiotics for infants, supporting bifidobacteria as the most important bacterial group in an infant intestine. The aim of our study was to test the growth of bifidobacteria in HM and on HMOs. Bifidobacteria were isolated from two groups of infants. The first one (eight strains) were isolated from infants who had bifidobacteria in their feces but, after a short period of time (4 to 24 days), bifidobacteria were no longer detected in their feces (disappeared bifidobacteria [DB]). The second group of bifidobacteria (eight strains) originated from infants with continual presence of bifidobacteria in their feces (persistent bifidobacteria [PB]). There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between DB and PB groups in the ability of the strains to grow in HM. PB grew in HM, reaching counts higher than 7 log CFU/ml. In contrast, counts of DB decreased from 5 to 4.3 log CFU/ml after cultivation in HM. The final pH after cultivation of bifidobacteria on HMOs was 6.2 and 4.9 in DP and PB groups, respectively. In general, Bifidobacterium bifidum and B. breve species were able to utilize HMOs, while B. adolescentis and B. longum subsp. longum species did not. The ability to grow in HM and to utilize HMOs seem to be important properties of bifidobacteria which are able to colonize infant intestinal tract.

• MeSH
• Bifidobacterium růst a vývoj   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• feces mikrobiologie   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kultivační média metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko chemie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• oligosacharidy metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kultivační média MeSH
• oligosacharidy MeSH

Resistance or susceptibility of bifidobacteria to lysozyme and growth of bifidobacteria in human milk were tested. Susceptible bifidobacterial strains stopped their growth almost immediately after the addition of lysozyme (400 microg/ml), moderately susceptible strains exhibited reduced growth rate, and growth curves of resistant strains were not affected. Strains of human origin were more resistant to lysozyme than animal strains. While strains of B. bifidum grew well in human milk samples, the growth B. animalis strains was inhibited after inoculation to human milk. The resistance to lysozyme seems to be a promising criterion for the selection of new probiotic bifidobacterial strains.

• MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence účinky léků   MeSH
• Bifidobacterium účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko účinky léků   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• muramidasa farmakologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• probiotika * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hen egg lysozyme MeSH Prohlížeč
• muramidasa MeSH

The submitted study analyzes a salmonellosis epidemic with a nosocomial character of occurrence on newborn ward Area National Health Authority in Trencín with an unusual factor of infection transmission--mother's milk. At the same time the authors point out the possibility of inapparent disease manifestation in connection with the stopped intake of mother's milk.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• salmonelóza epidemiologie   přenos   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A total of 1132 samples of maternal milk expressed from the disinfected breast on the first days after parturition were subjected to microbiological examination. Contamination by group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) was demonstrated in 40 samples (3.53%). Strains carrying the antigens Ia, Ia/c, Ib/c, II, III and R were represented among the isolates. Type Ia/c was the commonest; antigens II and III were always combined with the R antigen. The milk was either very strongly contaminated with almost pure culture demonstrable by direct cultivation of the milk sediment, or only isolated colonies were obtained in primary culture, often not until after enrichment. If the first samples gave dense growths, second-sample cultures were also positive. The strains isolated from samples of the individual mothers milk differed by their antigenic type structure; this gave evidence that the infection was not of nosocomial origin. Immunoglobulin levels in the whey of positive samples were not different from the whey of mothers not shedding group B streptococci. The health of both mothers and infants did not deviate from the general average for normal mothers and infants. No signs common to all the mothers shedding group B streptococci in their milk and no marked effect on the infants' health up to the age of 1-2 years were established.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální analýza   MeSH
• imunoglobulin A analýza   MeSH
• imunoglobulin M analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Streptococcus agalactiae klasifikace   imunologie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• streptokokové infekce epidemiologie   přenos   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny bakteriální MeSH
• imunoglobulin A MeSH
• imunoglobulin M MeSH

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko * imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• vysoká teplota * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• imunoglobulin A sekreční analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko enzymologie   imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• muramidasa analýza   MeSH
• vysoká teplota * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• imunoglobulin A sekreční MeSH
• muramidasa MeSH

The immunodiffusion micromethod was used to detect enterotoxin production in 5974 staphylococcal strains isolated during 1972-1978 from food, human milk and various specimens of clincial material. Of a total number of examined strain there were identified 3001 staphylococcal strains that produced the following enterotoxins or enterotoxin combinations: A, B, C, D, E, A + B, A + C, A + D, A + E, B + D, C + E and A + C + E.

• MeSH
• bakteriální toxiny biosyntéza   klasifikace   MeSH
• enterotoxiny biosyntéza   klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mateřské mléko mikrobiologie   MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
• stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Staphylococcus metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální toxiny MeSH
• enterotoxiny MeSH